Fundamentals Of Nursing Exam 7 With 100% Correct And Verified Answers, Exams of Advanced Education

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Fundamentals Of Nursing Exam 7 With

100% Correct And Verified Answers

You are starting an IV infusion with D51/2NS at 150 mL/h. If the IV tubing delivers 15 drops/mL, you would start the infusion at: A. 37.5 or 89 gtt/min B. 25 gtt/min C. 31 gtt/min D. 21 gtt/min - Correct Answer-A The older adult is at greater risk for dehydration than the middle-aged adult is because: (SATA) A. Older adults have a diminished sense of thirst. B. Older adults have less muscle mass as years advance. C. The older adult's body is almost 80% water. D. Compensatory mechanisms work less efficiently. E. Older adults have increased surface area and more evaporative tissues. - Correct Answer-A,D An 82 year old male patient is admitted with vomiting and diarrhea. On assessment, you note that he is apprehensive and his skin is cool, dry and pale. His pulse is rapid, and his blood pressure is lower than normal. These symptoms are indicative of: A. Fluid overload B. Electrolyte imbalance C. Dehydration D. Intestinal flu - Correct Answer-C Your patient has been ill with pneumonia and was admitted yesterday to start IV antibiotic therapy. He has a history of congestive heart failure and is taking digitalis and furosemide. He has not been eating well the past 3 days because he was feeling so bad. The physician ordered fluids and daily laboratory work yesterday. The patient seems more confused this morning and is very weak, and his urine output has fallen. To determine what is causing these symptoms, you would first: A. Check the morning electrolyte levels B. Call his primary care provider C. Check yesterday's lab results D. Ask for an order for extra potassium. - Correct Answer-A A patient with heart failure has lost 4.6 lb. This represents a fluid loss of approximately A. 1500 mL B. 1 L C. 650 mL D. 2 L - Correct Answer-D

Patients who are undergoing diuretic to decrease excess body fluid tend to lose potassium. If too much potassium is lost, the patient will have which electrolyte and acid-base imbalance? A. Hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis B. Hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis C. Hyponatremia, Metabolic acidosis D. Hypernatremia, metabolic alkalosis - Correct Answer-B One of the best methods to assess whether peripheral edema is increasing or decreasing is to: A. Compare intake with output over several days B. Weigh the patient daily and compare weights C. Use a fingertip to assess for pitting edema of the tissue D. Measure the circumference of the affected extremity in the same location each day. - Correct Answer-D A patient had a hysterectomy. She needs to increase her protein and vitamin C intake to promote healing. Which foods would be best to include in her diet? (SATA) A. Steak B. Carrots C. Tomatoes D. Eggs E. Muffins - Correct Answer-A,C,D The major nutrient involved in fluid balance is A. Fat B. Protein C. Niacin D. Carbohydrates - Correct Answer-B The major component necessary for metabolism of carbohydrate is A. Pancreatic enzymes B. Insulin secreted by the pancreas C. Bile secreted by the liver D. Mucus secreted by the duodenum. - Correct Answer-B The hospital dinner menu includes broiled pork chop with brown gravy, mashed potatoes, peas, and a green salad with apple pie for dessert. This choice would not be appropriate to serve a(an)____________ patient. A. American Indian B. African American C. Middle Eastern Muslim D. Hispanic - Correct Answer-C

A diabetes asks whether a slice of cake can be added to the meal for dessert. The best response by the nurse would be: A. Diabetic patients should not eat cake B. Yes, but you must omit other carbs of equal value from your meal C. You will have to check with your primary care provider D. Yes, but don't do this too often. - Correct Answer-B A patient is receiving TPN. The night nurse reported that the infusion rate had been increased to 75 mL/hr. When you make your rounds a 8 am you discover the rate is still infusing at 50 mL/hr. The appropriate nursing action is to (SATA) A. Increase the rate to 75mL/hour now B. Notify the primary care provider of the error C. Change the rate to 125mL/hour for 4 hours to catch up D. Leave the rate at 50mL/hour because the patient is tolerating oral fluids E. Verify the medical orders. - Correct Answer-A,B,E The nurse teaches a patient with diabetes to limit saturated fat and sodium intake because: A. All diabetic patients are at risk for obesity B. These foods contribute to higher glucose levels C. These nutrients are nonessential D. Diabetic patients are at risk for cardiovascular disease. - Correct Answer-D An elderly patient has just started TPN at 70 mL/hr and at assessment is found to have a high pulse rate, crackles in the lungs, and shortness of breath. Which nursing action is most important? A. Lower the TPN rate to 40mL/hour and contact the primary care provider B.Stop TPN infusion and contact primary care provider C. Provide the patient with oxygen D. Check the TPN administration site for signs of blockage or infection. - Correct Answer-B A nurse is caring for a client who is at high risk for aspiration. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Give the client thin liquids B. Instruct the client to tuck her chin while swallowing. C. Have the client use a straw D. Encourage the client to lie down and rest after meals. - Correct Answer-B A nurse is preparing presentation about basic nutrients for a group of high school athletes. She should explain that which of the following nutrients provides the body with the most energy? A. Fats B. Protein C. Glycogen D. Carbohydrates - Correct Answer-D

A nurse is caring for a patient who requires a low-fiber diet. The nurse should expect to see which of the following foods on the client's meal tray? A. Cooked barley B. Pureed broccoli C. Vanilla custard D. Lentil soup - Correct Answer-C A nurse is caring for a client who weighs 80kg (176lb) and 1.6m (5ft 3in) tall. Calculate the BMI and determine whether this client's BMI indicates that she is of a healthy weight, overweight, or obese. - Correct Answer-BMI= Weight (kg) / height (m^2) Step 1: Client's weight (kg) and height (m)= 80kg and 1.6m Step 2: 1.6x1.6= 2.56m^ Step 3: 80/2.56= 31. A BMI greater than 30 is considered obese. A nurse in a senior center is counseling a group of older adults about their nutritional needs and considerations. Which of the following information should the nurse include? (select all that apply) A. Older adults are more prone to dehydration than younger adults are. B. Older adults need the same amount of vitamins and minerals as young adults do. C. Many older men and women need calcium supplementation. D. Older adults need more calories than they did when they were younger. E. Older adults should consume a diet in low carbohydrates. - Correct Answer-A,B,C A nurse is performing an admission assessment on a client who has hypovolemia due to vomiting and diarrhea. Which of the following is an expected finding? (Select all that apply.) A. Hot, dry skin B. Hypertension C. Tachycardia D. Syncope E. Decreased skin turgor - Correct Answer-C,D,E A nurse on medical-surgical unit is caring for a group of clients. The nurse should identify that which of the following clients is at risk for hypervolemia? A. a client who has nasogastric suctioning B. a client who has chronic constipation C. a client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone D. a client who took an overdose of sodium bicarbonate antacids - Correct Answer-A A nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client who has an elevated temperature. The nurse should recognize which of the following findings is a manifestation of dehydration? (Select all that apply.) A. HCT 55% B. Serum osmolarity 260 mOsm/kg

E. nausea and vomiting - Correct Answer-B,D,E A nurse is providing education for a client who has severe hypomagnesemia due to alcohol use disorder. The client is to receive magnesium sulfate. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "You will receive magnesium in a series of intramuscular injections." B. "You should receive a prescription for a thiazide diuretic to take with the magnesium." C. "You should eliminate whole grains from your diet until your magnesium level increases." D. "You will have your deep-tendon reflexes monitored while you are receiving magnesium." - Correct Answer-D