Funeral Service Psychology: Key Terms for Embalmers, Exams of Psychology

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Funeral Service Psychology and Counseling for the

National Board Exam for Embalmers (ASUMH) 2024-

2025. Q & A. Graded A

Abnormal (complicated, unresolved) grief - ANSgrief extending over a long period of time without resolution. Acute Grief - ANSthe intense physical and emotional expression of grief occurring as the awareness increases of a loss or someone or something significant. Adaptation - ANSthe individual's ability to adjust to the psychological and emotional changes brought on by a stressful event such as the death of a significant other Affect - ANSfeelings and their expression Aftercare - ANSthose appropriate and helpful acts of counseling that come after the funeral Aggression - ANSthe intentional infliction of physical or psychological harm on another

AIDS - ANSAcquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Alarm - ANSfear or anxiety caused by the sudden realization of danger Alienation - ANSthe state of estrangement an individual feels in social settings that are viewed as foreign, unpredictable or unacceptable Alternatives - ANSa choice of services and merchandise available as families make a selection and complete funeral arrangements; formulating different actions in adjusting to a crisis Anger - ANSblame directed toward another person Anomic Grief - ANSa term to describe the experience of grief, especially in young bereaved parents, where mourning customs are unclear due to an inappropriate death and the absence of prior bereavement experience; typical in society that has attempted to minimize the impact of death through medical control of disease and social control of those who deal with the dying and the dead

Anticipatory Grief - ANSa syndrome characterized by the presence of grief in anticipation of death or loss; the actual death comes as a confirmation of knowledge of a life-limiting condition Anxiety - ANSa state of tension, typically characterized by rapid heartbeat and shortness of breath; an emotion characterized by a vague fear of premonition that something undesirable is going to happen At-Need Counseling - ANSa death has occurred and the funeral director is counseling with the family as the select the services and items of merchandise in completing arrangements for the funeral service of the choice Attachment Theory (Bowlby) - ANSthe tendency in human beings to make strong affectional bonds with others coming from the need for security and safety Attending (Listening) - ANSgiving undivided attention by means of verbal and non- verbal behavior. Attitude - ANSa learned tendency to respond to people, objects, or institutions in a positive or negative way

Bereavement - ANSthe act or event of separation or loss that results in the experience of grief Chronic Grief - ANSexcessive in duration and never comes to satisfactory conclusion Client Centered Counseling (Person-Centered) - ANSa phrase coined by Carl Rogers to refer to that type of counseling where one comes actively and voluntarily to gain help on a problem, but without any notion of surrendering his own responsibility for the situation; a non-directive method of counseling which stresses the inherent worth of the client and the natural capacity for growth and health. Cognitive - ANSfrom the Latin "to know" the study of the origins and consequences of thoughts, memories, beliefs, perceptions, explanations, and other mental processes Committal Service - ANSthe rite of finality in a funeral service preceding cremation, earth burial, entombment or burial at sea

Communication - ANSa general term for the exchange of information, feelings, thoughts, and acts between two or more people, including both verbal and non- verbal aspects of this interchange Complicated (unresolved, chronic) Grief - ANSgrief extending over a long period of time without resolve Congruence - ANSaccording to client-centered counseling, the necessary quality of a counselor being in touch with reality and with others' perception of one's self Coping - ANScharacteristic ways of responding to stress Counselee - ANSthe individual seeking assistance or guidance Counseling (Jackson) - ANSany time someone helps someone else with a problem Counseling (Ohlsen) - ANSa therapeutic experience for reasonable healthy persons. Do not confuse this with psychotherapy which is treatment for emotionally disturbed persons who seek (or are referred for) assistance before they develop serious neurotic, psychotic, or character disorders

Counseling (Rogers) - ANSgood communication with and between people; or, good (free) communicate between people is always therapeutic Counseling (Webster) - ANSadvice, especially that given as a result of consultation Counselor - ANSthe individual providing assistance and guidance Crisis - ANSa highly emotional temporary state in which an individual's feelings of anxiety, grief, confusion, or pain impair his or her ability to act. Crisis Counseling - ANSinterventions for a highly emotional, temporary state in which individuals overcome by feelings of anxiety, grief, confusion, or pain are unable to act in a realistic normal manner. Intentional response which helps an individual in a crisis situation. Death Anxiety - ANSa learned emotional response to death-related phenomena which is characterized by extreme apprehension Delayed Grief (Worden) - ANSinhibited, suppressed, or postponed response to a loss

Denial - ANSthe defense mechanism by which a person is unable or refuses to see things as they are because such facts are threatening to the self Directive Counseling - ANScounselor takes a live speaking role, asking questions, suggesting courses of action, etc. Discrimination - ANStreating members of various social groups differently in circumstances where their rights or treatment should be identical Displaced Aggression - ANSa defense mechanism in which anger is redirected toward a person or object other than the one who provided the anger originally Displacement - ANSredirection of emotion to other targets dyad - ANStwo units regarded as a pair; for example, husband and wife Ego defense mechanisms - ANSunconscious, irrational means used by the ego to defend against anxiety emotion - ANSthe outward expression or display of mood or feelings

Emotional Expre3ssion - ANSthe outward expression or display of mood or feeling states emotions - ANSfeelings such as happiness, anger, or grief, created by brain patterns accompanied by bodily changes Empathy (Wolfelt) - ANSthe ability to enter into and share the feelings of others Euthanasia (Right to Die) - ANSan act or practice of allowing the death of persons suffering from a life-limiting condition Exaggerated Grief (Worden) - ANSpersons are usually conscious of the relationship of the reaction to the death, but the reaction to the current experience is excessive and disabling.