GALEN COLLEGE OF NURSING NU110 EXAM 3 2025 STUDYGUIDE QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS, Exams of Nursing

Download GALEN COLLEGE OF NURSING NU110 EXAM 3 2025 STUDYGUIDE QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! GALEN COLLEGE OF NURSING NU110 EXAM 3 2024-2025 STUDYGUIDE QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS characteristics of blood Correct Answer ph of blood is 7.35-7.45 and viscosity (thickness) type of blood cells Correct Answer platelets=thrombocytes thrombocytes Correct Answer help with clotting and coagulate blood hemopoiesis definition Correct Answer the process of blood cell formation hemopoiesis fact Correct Answer produce 3 different types of blood cells RBC, WBC, Platelets hematocrit Correct Answer percentage of blood cells in a blood sample. RBC production Correct Answer EPO that stimulates the bone marrow to produce additional RBC'S neutropenia Correct Answer patient would be at risk for an infection because neutrophils (granulocytes) help protect the body. basophils (wbc) Correct Answer inflamatory response; release of HEPARIN= anticoagulant 0-1% of WBC count. patient with coagulation problems Correct Answer would have altered results of basophils because heparin is an anticoagulant. platelets Correct Answer produced in red bone marrow; prevent blood loss-coagulate blood thrombocytopenia Correct Answer failure of the bone marrow to replace platelets. petechiae Correct Answer pinpoint round spots that appear on the skin as a reult of bleeding from broken capillaries. (thrombocytopenia) plasmin Correct Answer an important enzyme present in blood that degrades many blood plasma proteins, including FIBRIN clots. fibrinolysis Correct Answer process to dissolve clots. TPA Correct Answer tissue plasminogen activator. (therapeutic agents=alteplase, reteplase, streptokinase, tenecteplase, urokinase) antigen Correct Answer substance that the body recognizes as foreign; as a foreign substance, an antigen stimulates an antigen antibody response. What are the parts of the small intestine? Correct Answer 1. Duodenum 2. Jejunum 3. Ileum What is the function of the Duodenum? Correct Answer It receives Chyme. It is where your gallbladder dumps bile via bile ducts. What is the importance of the small intestine? Correct Answer Site of nutrient absorption. What is the function of the Ileum Correct Answer It's an extension to make sure whatever nutrients were not absorbed have somewhere to go. What is the direction of the large intestine? Correct Answer Ascending colon, transverse colon, Desecending colon, sigmoid colon, Rectum. Anus. Where does digestion start? Correct Answer starts psychologically before food enters the mouth What is the enzyme that digests/breaks down glucose? Correct Answer Amylase What is the mechanical part of chewing? What is CN for chewing? CN for swallowing? Correct Answer -Mastication -CN#5 Trigeminal= chewing -CN#9 Glossopharyngeal= swallowing What structure is involved in swallowing after mastication? Correct Answer Esophagus What sphincter at the beginning of the stomach prevents us from having heart burn(Dyspepsia)? Correct Answer - LES= lower esphageal sphincter or Cardiac Sphincter. When you swallow, what substance is released into the stomach to break down food? Correct Answer Hydrochloric Acid (HCL acid) What substance breaks down protein in the stomach? Correct Answer Pepsin What is the mechanical part of the stomach? Correct Answer Churning What is the name of the substance that the stomach makes from digestion? Correct Answer Chyme passes through the pyloric sphincter and dups into the duodenum What are the 2 additional enzymes that the pancreas secretes? Correct Answer -Lipase (fats) -pepsidase (proteins) (sometimes called trypsin) Lipase calls on what to help break down large amounts of fat? Correct Answer Gallbladder for the secretion of bile helps break down large amounts of fat. What is the role of Villi? Where can they be found? Correct Answer -Absorbs small nutrients molecules from the digestive tract -it only absorbs, carbs and proteins once broken down into the smallest possible units. -found only in the small intestine mucosa What organ makes bile? How? Correct Answer Liver and it uses broken down RBC's and the chemicals secreted from lysis to it's storage unit (gallbladder) What is the role of sodium bicarbonate? Correct Answer Neutralizes chyme from the stomach, providing for optimal pancreatic function (produced in pancreas) What is the mechanical function of digestion? Correct Answer Breakdown of nutrients What is the process involved in the small intestine? Correct Answer Absorption of nutrients What structure is primarily responsible for the digestion of proteins? Correct Answer Stomach What structure starts with the digestion of carbohydrates? Correct Answer Mouth What structure is primarily responsible for the absorption of carbohydrates and proteins? Correct Answer Villus capillary (villi) (found in small intestine) Where does the urinary system start? Correct Answer - begins in the kidneys -urinary capsule keeps the shape/structure of the kidney What do you find inside the kidney? Correct Answer Nephrons, they are the location for cellular exchange, functional unit of the kidney Where does filtration occur in the nephron? Correct Answer Glomerulus What structures release urine down from the kidneys to the bladder? Correct Answer Ureters What is the role of the bladder? Correct Answer Store Urine What does filtration require? Correct Answer Pressure What structure contains the testis? Correct Answer Scrotum Where does sperm mature? Correct Answer Epididymis Where is testosterone produced? Correct Answer Testis Where is semen produced? Correct Answer Prostate but 70% is made in the seminal vesicle How many gametes are made in meiosis? Correct Answer 4 What makes a girl? What makes a boy? Correct Answer - Girl: XX -Girl: XY What hormones causes ovulation? Correct Answer LH Where does semen leave from? Correct Answer Via vas deferens, it transports mature sperm to the urethra in preparation for ejaculation What is another word for semen? Correct Answer Seminal fluid Where does female reproductive system start? Correct Answer in the ovary, where ovum is matured What is significant about ADEK vitamins? Correct Answer They are fat soluble (you store them in fat) What vitamins do you excrete daily? Correct Answer Vitamin B's and Vitamin C's (they are water soluble) What organ produces erythropoietin? Correct Answer Kidneys Functions of the large intestine? Correct Answer -Absorbs water, stool storage -*the longer the stool stays in here, the higher the chance of ammonia being released which is bad for the brain Functions of the liver? Correct Answer detoxification, metabolism. immune system, production of cholesterol, storage of micronutrients, blood sugar balance, production of bile, protein synthesis Wha is the primary organ of a male? Correct Answer Testis What is the primary organ of a female? Correct Answer Ovaries What is the master controller of metabolism? Correct Answer Thyroid What is metabolism? Correct Answer Breakdown of food in the GI track Vitamin A: Correct Answer Vision Vitamin B: Correct Answer ATP (energy) Vitamin C Correct Answer Collagen Vitamin D Correct Answer Carry Ca2 to bones Vitamin E Correct Answer Immune system Vitamin K Correct Answer Klot antigens Correct Answer substance that stimulates the formation of antibodies are also involved in SPECIFIC immunity. antibody titer Correct Answer the level of antibodies in your blood lymphocytes Correct Answer T-cells travel to thymus gland during fetal development where they mature and differentiate into T- cells (thymus derived) -immunity, secrete antibodies vaccination (immunization) Correct Answer antigen bearing substance, such as pathogen, injected into a person in an attempt to stimulate antibody production. lung inflation Correct Answer elastic recoil and negative intrapleural pressure are necessary to maintain a healthy inflated lung surfactant. boyle's law Correct Answer gas law, stating that the pressure and volume of a gas have an inverse relationship, when temperature is held constant, as in the principle of lung ventilation. diaphram and intercostal muscles contract (respiratory) Correct Answer thoracic volume increases & lung volume increases, pressure in lungs decreases and air flows into the lungs. (lungs expand) partial pressure Correct Answer in the respiratory system gas concentration is related to pressure: gases DIFFUSE from an area of higher pressure to areas of lower pressure cyanosis Correct Answer bronchoconstriction causes cyanosis. treated with bronchodilators