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Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis: Enzyme Mechanisms, Regulation, and Energy Metabolism, Study notes of Chemistry
An overview of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, two fundamental processes in cellular metabolism. It covers the specific steps of each process, including enzyme structures, mechanisms, and regulatory aspects. The document also discusses the energetics of glucose storage and the role of glycogen metabolism.
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Glycolysis (Ch 16)
Specific steps in glycolysis:
Enzyme mechanismsEnzyme structures - protecting active sites
covalent intermediate - coupling reactionsacid,base
Gluconeogenesis - synthesis of glucose, energy inputGlycolysis - breakdown of glucose, harvest energyAnaerobic conditions: regenerating NAD+
Energetics and regulationCommon and distinct steps
RegulationGlucose storage polymer - why?
Gluconeogenesis (Ch 16)
Fri 3/27/
Quiz Friday
Glycogen metabolism (Ch 21)
Loop closes over S“perfect” enzymeAcid-base catalysisLobes close over SLobes close over S
/
barrel
/
barrel
Acid-base catalysis
Lobes close over SLobes close over S
/
barrel
/
barrel
couplingCovalent catalysis -->
example)triglycerides, for(from amino acids andcompounds to glucoserelated 3- and 4-carbonConverts pyruvate andglucose are availableand precursors tois low (starvation)when blood glucosesupply is great, or active when energy Gluconeogenesis:
Glycolysis:
active
tissues, to glucoseglycogen stored inglycogen, as well assugars, starch andConverts dietaryis greatwhen energy need