Understanding U.S. GEOINT: Geospatial Info Collection, Analysis, and Visualization, Exams of Nursing

Download Understanding U.S. GEOINT: Geospatial Info Collection, Analysis, and Visualization and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! GPC F STUDY 174 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE 2024 1. GEOINT operations - ✅✅✅Tasks, activities, and events to collect, manage, analyze, generate, visualize, and provide imagery, imagery intelligence, and geospatial information necessary to support national and defense missions and international arrangements. 2. GEOINT - ✅✅✅The exploitation & analysis of imagery and geospatial information to describe, assess, and visually depict physical features and geographically referenced activities on the earth. 3. Consists of imagery, imagery intelligence, and geospatial information. Any one or combination of these three elements may be considered GEOINT. 4. ICD 203 - ✅✅✅Analytic Standards 5. Guides analysis and analytic production and states all IC analytic products shall be consistent with the 5 Analytic Standards, including the 9 Analytic Tradecraft Standards. 6. Governs the production and evaluation of analytic products, and articulates the responsibility of the intelligence analysts to strive for excellence, integrity, and rigor. 7. Each IC element shall maintain a program of product evaluation using IC Analytic Standards as the core elements for assessing criteria 8. Serve a common foundation for developing education and training in analytic skills 9. Promote a common ethic for analytic rigor and excellence, and personal integrity 10. Adherence is safeguarded by OD NI Analytic Ombuds 11. ICD 203 Five Analytic Standards - ✅✅✅Objective 12. Independent of Political Consideration 13. Timely 14. Based on all available sources of intel information 15. Implements Analytic Tradecraft Standards (nine) 16. ICD 203 Nine Analytic Tradecraft Standards - ✅✅✅Properly describe the quality and credibility of underlying sources, data and methodologies. 17. Properly express and explain uncertainties associated with major analytic judgments. Must NOT combine a confidence level and a degree of likelihood in the same sentence. 18. Properly distinguish between underlying intelligence information and analysts' assumptions and judgments. 19. Incorporate analysis of alternatives. 20. Demonstrate customer relevance and address implications. 21. Use clear and logical argumentation. 47. Geospatial Analysis - ✅✅✅Process of applying analytical techniques to geographically referenced data sets to extract or generate new geographical information or insight. 48. Science of extracting meaning from geospatial data and using GIS to uncover and investigate relationships and patterns in all forms of geospatial data to answer intelligence or military issues. 49. A scientific discipline that brings physical and human geography together in a digital environment in order to solve problems with regard to spatial analysis, physiography, socio-cultural aspects, and temporal relationships. 50. Geospatial Data Management - ✅✅✅A tradecraft involving management of the development, approval, and population of geospatial data within NGA's feature/geospatial information database to ensure that it can be used to satisfy customer requirements. Requires knowledge of the wide range of products and a solid understanding of the capabilities of various systems used to support the extraction, analysis, and finishing of in-house, co-production, commodity, and contract data. 51. Geospatial Information - ✅✅✅Information that identifies the geographic location and characteristics of natural or constructed features and boundaries on the earth and includes: statistical data; information derived from, among other things, remote sensing, mapping, and surveying technologies; and mapping, charting, geodetic data, and related products. 52. Geospatial Information and Services (GI&S) - ✅✅✅Collection, information extraction, storage, dissemination, and exploitation of geodetic, geomagnetic, imagery, gravimetric, aeronautical, topographic, hydrographic, littoral, cultural, and toponymic data accurately referenced to a precise location on the Earth's surface. 53. GEOINT Discipline - ✅✅✅Includes systems, processes, and products; skilled professionals and their specialized tradecraft areas. Encompasses all activities involved in the planning, collection, processing, analysis, exploitation, and dissemination of spatial information in order to gain intelligence about the national security or operational environment, visually depict this knowledge, and fuse the acquired knowledge with other information through analysis and visualization processes. 54. GEOINT Tradecraft - ✅✅✅Application of skills, technology, techniques, leadership, continuing education, mentoring, special experiences, and knowledge of GEOINT in one or more occupational specialties. 55. GEOCOM - ✅✅✅DNI-chartered forum for GEOINT. This Committee also provides a venue for community members to discuss, coordinate, and vote on substantive issues of common concern, and to develop recommendations on high-priority issues for the GFM or DNI. The GEOCOM is comprised of civilian Senior Executive Service (SES)/DISL and military Flag Officer (GOFO)-level members from key government GEOINT stakeholders, including the IC, DoD, and federal civil agencies, which are represented by the Civil Applications Committee (CAC)—a permanent NSG Partner. 56. Administers subcommittees and working groups composed of subject matter experts from GEOCOM-member organizations. Each subcommittee is responsible for a specific GEOINT discipline such as collection, information systems and architecture, analysis and production, and training and professional development 57. Imagery Analysis - ✅✅✅Science of converting information, extracted from imagery, into intelligence about activities, issues, objects, installations, and /or areas of interest 58. IMINT - ✅✅✅The technical, geographic, and intelligence information derived through the interpretation or analysis of imagery and collateral materials. 59. Imagery Science - ✅✅✅Tradecrafts involving the generation, collection, duplication, analysis, modification, and visualization of images. Uses advanced techniques to identify objects that cannot be detected by the human eye. Tradecraft / specializations: precision mensuration, radar, spectral, infrared, and other specialized collection systems. 60. Maritime Analysis - ✅✅✅A GEOINT tradecraft involving acquisition, analysis, compilation, and dissemination of maritime safety information to populate and update nautical databases to support the Digital Nautical Chart, hardcopy charts, digital publications, and Electronic Chart Display and Information Systems. Marine Analysts generate mission specific datasets, promulgate worldwide navigational warnings, and respond to queries from foreign hydrographic offices and the users of our products and services. 61. HUMINT - ✅✅✅Intelligence obtained through clandestine or overt HUMINT activities, or operations and activities utilizing human sources or other human assets. 62. Human Geography (tradecraft) - ✅✅✅The art and science of understanding, representing, and forecasting activities of individuals, groups, organizations, and social networks with a geo-temporal context. Human Geography professionals gather, assess, and evaluate source materials and ensure its quality and suitability to build foundational data and apply knowledge and expertise in physical, socio-cultural, and political aspects of countries, regions, and urban areas to support national security goals, concerns, and strategies. This data is analyzed to characterize events, discover relationships and trends, infer conclusions, and predict behaviors. 63. Foundational Analysis (Human Geography) - ✅✅✅Characterizing general patterns of people and groups within the context of their environment. 64. Analysis is both exploratory and explanatory in nature, based on the data collected and the area of interest. 65. Mission Specific Analysis (Human Geography) - ✅✅✅Aims to provide decision makers and commanders with actionable intelligence. 66. Social patterns and understanding of key attributes are the goal. 67. Areas of interest or factors to consider are reduced and the mission questions drive the effort to address initial questions and hypotheses. 90. 3. Assess Threats and Hazards 91. 4. Develop Analytic Conclusions 92. GEOINT Fusion - ✅✅✅Aggregation of geospatial data to facilitate spatial analysis and synthesis across information sources 93. Forecasting - ✅✅✅A technique used to anticipate outcomes, trends, or expected future behavior of a system using statistics and modeling. 94. Performance Characteristics - ✅✅✅The systems ability to collect the requested information, output quality, and location accuracy. Include dwell time, platform/sensor range, timeliness, and revisit time. 95. Dwell time - ✅✅✅Length of time a platform/sensor can maintain access to the target. Most important consideration for persistent surveillance, tracking, threat warning, and time-sensitive targeting, especially involving mobile targets. 96. Platform/Sensor Range - ✅✅✅Determined which platforms can reach a location. 97. Timeliness - ✅✅✅Time required to complete collection/s and is calculated/estimated based on the tactical situation and local circumstances. 98. Operational environment factors - ✅✅✅Threat, terrain, contaminations, solar position, electromagnetic interference, and weather. 99. Key Area of Interest (KAIs) - ✅✅✅Specific areas within a point target. 100. Image Analysis Principles - ✅✅✅Size, Shape, Shadow, Tone, Texture, Pattern, Location, Associations, and Seasonal Effect assist with photo interpretation. 101. Tone - ✅✅✅A measure of the amount of light reflected by an object. 102. Texture - ✅✅✅The frequency of tonal changes across the image of a feature. 103. Shadow - ✅✅✅Reveals information about the about the shape, size, and construction of features. 104. Shape - ✅✅✅Limits identification to the class of features to which the unknown object belongs. 105. Pattern - ✅✅✅Spatial arrangement of features in an area. 106. Association - ✅✅✅Examining the large area and features around a feature being examined, their arrangement reflects the processes that placed them there and often their function. 107. Location - ✅✅✅Regional aspect of associations. Appearance and occurrence of many features will vary in different parts of the world. 108. Mensuration - ✅✅✅Geometric measurement of a feature or location from monoscopic and stereoscopic imagery. 109. Photogrammetry - ✅✅✅Art, science, and technology of extracting information about of objects, phenomena, and environment based on a mathematical sensor model. 110. Geodesy - ✅✅✅Science of mathematically determining the size, shape, and orientation of Earth, and the nature of its gravity field in four dimensions. 111. Geophysics - ✅✅✅The physics of the Earth and its environment in space. Includes the study of geodesy, geomagnetism, paleo magnetism, seismology, hydrology, space physics, aeronomy, tectonophysics, and atmospheric science. 112. Mean - ✅✅✅Average value. 113. Median - ✅✅✅Observed middle value of a data set. 114. Midrange - ✅✅✅Calculated middle of a data set. Subtract lowest from highest then divide by 2. 115. Mode - ✅✅✅Most prevalent value of a data set. 116. Accuracy - ✅✅✅Measures how close a database representation is to a true value. 117. Precision - ✅✅✅Refers to the consistency of a measurement method. 118. Tasking - ✅✅✅Process for identifying the best asset to answer the Essential Elements of Information. 119. Processing - ✅✅✅First sending of data to a library. IDS-D sends NTM info to NIL for long term storage. 120. EEIs - ✅✅✅Used to refine the specific information required. 121. IDS-D - ✅✅✅Sends NTM info directly to NIL for long term storage. 122. JWAC - ✅✅✅Maintains NSG Warfighter Imagery Library (NWIL) to increase NTM support to warfighters.