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Various aspects of health promotion for older adults, including the importance of physical activity, safety considerations, immunizations, nutrition, and preventive care. It covers topics such as the benefits of exercise, the risk of falls and injuries, the need for immunizations, and the assessment of nutritional status. The document also highlights the role of the advanced practice registered nurse (aprn) in developing personalized health promotion plans for older patients, taking into account their health beliefs, functional abilities, and specific medical conditions. The information provided can be useful for healthcare professionals, students, and older adults themselves in understanding and implementing effective strategies for maintaining and improving the health and well-being of the aging population.
Typology: Exams
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A health promotion topic that should be included in the APRN visit is physical activity. Which of the following would be a good recommendation for the 75-year-old male?
Team sports could be risky for an older person who may be more susceptible to falls or orthopedic issues.
Horseback riding could be risky for an older person who may have neurological or orthopedic issues.
Walking is a good option for the older adult to perform When recommending physical activity, the person's functional abilities and desires need to be considered.
Aerobics may be too aggressive of an exercise for an older person. A major concern for older adults is safety. The APRN addresses safety issues for the older adult when assessing which of the following? Select all that apply.
Possession of a firearm combined with depression, caregiver stress, irreversible illness, or decline in functional abilities can invite self-inflicted injury, suicide pacts, or other acts of violence.
Falls are the second cause of unintended injury deaths, but older adults can be embarrassed by falling. To combat this, the APRN needs to be proactive in asking about falls.
Potential recommendations include exercise programs to build strength.
Food intake has to do with nutritional status rather than safety.
Urinary incontinence, day or night, can cause the person to rush to the bathroom and increases the risk of falling. A patient asks the advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) what is meant by health promotion. The best answer regarding health promotion is:
Safe sex education is important because older adults are less likely to practice safe sex and use condoms.
Older people may be at increased danger from sexually transmitted infections because of the decreased perception of risk.
Current sexual history may determine the need for continued screening for STIs, human papillomavirus (HPV), and cervical cancer.
Traveling does not limit potential sexual encounters with fellow travelers, locals, or commercial sex workers.
While medication education is important, this patient's symptoms and circumstances indicate teaching on sexual health is required. Mary is 72 years old and goes to the pharmacy to pick up her prescriptions. The pharmacist asks if she has had her immunizations. Mary replies, "I had all my childhood shots, so I do not need any now." What should the APRN teach her about senior immunizations? Select all that apply.
The older person is susceptible to organisms that cause infection due to decreased immunity, nutrition, hydration, and other factors.
The influenza virus mutates some each year and needs an updated version of the vaccine to provide immunity.
Recently released Shingrix has been found to be more effective than Zostavax given previously.
Side effects are most often mild and localized. Viruses can cause serious or even lethal conditions.
The pneumococcal vaccine is recommended beginning at age 65. Mr. and Mrs. Jones are preparing to take a trip to Europe. The APRN includes which of the following teachings on taking care of their health while traveling? Select all that apply.
Long flights in cramped areas increase the risk of thromboembolic events.
Increased air pollution is a significant problem in many countries and affects pulmonary function.
The medications needed may not be available in some countries in Europe. Medicare does not cover the medications outside of the United States.
Some areas of the world continue to see cases of yellow fever, malaria, and other diseases. When going to a vulnerable area, proper immunizations are required.
Some of the physiological and psychosocial changes that can occur with aging pose special risks during travel. How a patient functions at home may not be indicative of how well they will function in an unfamiliar environment. Mr. Thomas comes in for a health examination appointment with his APRN. The patient identifies he is losing weight and feels he just doesn't get very hungry. Which of the following is a screening tool for older adult nutritional patterns?
Active involvement in community activities does not reflect what the older person is eating.
The APRN needs the current state of nutrition to develop a plan for increasing or maintaining positive nutrition.
Knowing how much activity the person participates in affects the need for calories and nutrients.
Knowing the current height and weight aids in determining the body mass index, which is an indicator of normal weight, underweight, or overweight as a way of assessing nutritional status.
Before initiating counseling about diet, obtain baseline information on other health status information. The APRN is teaching an older adult about the need for more exercise, and the patient says that it takes away too much energy needed for other activities. The APRN explains that the benefits of exercise include which of the following? Select all that apply.
The health benefits of regular physical activity are well documented and include flexibility.
Exercise increases muscle tone and mass.
Exercise uses calories from stored fat and allows for weight loss.
Exercise strengthens the cardiac muscle and thereby lowers blood pressure.
Exercise does not affect urinary output. The APRN knows that health promotion on a broad scale is accomplished by:
It is important for an APRN to consider the patient's health beliefs and goals when building a collaborative plan.
Present and anticipated levels of function are important factors in a collaborative plan.
Risks need to be considered in light of benefits offered by interventions.
The APRN may consider whether the patient is connected to a religious community but cannot prescribe or recommend any specific plan.
Many disorders in older adults encompass multiple risk factors that involve several systems and interventions to achieve positive outcomes. This presents a challenge when measuring and synthesizing evidence and reporting outcomes. When a patient is seen by an APRN, the care plan is developed keeping which objective in mind?
Each person is unique and may not respond the same to exercise.
Hobbies are enjoyable and give pleasure while at the same time increasing activity.
Stretching routines are done slowly and to the level of endurance.
When the frail older person cannot ambulate, they can move other parts of their body such as core, arms, head, and neck. They may also do non-weight-bearing movements of legs and feet.
Movement, activity, and exercise can be done anywhere, anytime the individual desires. There is no need to join a group.