Healthcare Careers: Licensure, Certification, and Employment Opportunities, Exams of Nursing

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HSMT 2101 UNCC FINAL Questions

and Answers 2024 GRADE A+

Speech-language pathologists are required ti have what degree? - answer - Masters degree in speech- language pathology

• Undergraduate courses in biology, physiology and anatomy, medical terminology, and communication are desirable.
• Typical graduate courses: statistics, physics, chemistry, human anatomy and physiology, neuroanatomy and neurophysiology, human genetics, and social and behavioral sciences, such as psychology, sociology, anthropology, and public health. What is the work description of a speech-language pathologist? - answer - Assess, diagnose, treat and help prevent disorders related to speech, language, cognitive communication, voice, swallowing, and fluency.
• Use special instruments and qualitative and quantitative assessment methods, including standardized tests, to analyze and diagnose the nature and extent of impairments. Speech-language pathologist job opportunities - answer - Speech-language pathologists held about 126,500 jobs in 2014.
• One-half were employed in educational services.
• Others were employed in hospitals; offices of other health practitioners; nursing care and assisted living facilities and home healthcare services. Licensure for speech-language pathologists - answer - Most states that require licensure for clinical practice or teacher credentialing, require successful completion of the Praxis exam.
• Most states have continuing education requirements for licensure renewal.
• Medicaid, Medicare, and private health insurers generally require a practitioner to be licensed to qualify for reimbursement speech-language pathologist certifications and other qualifications - answer - The Certificate of Clinical Competence in Speech-Language Pathology (CCC-SLP) credential offered by the American Speech- Language-Hearing Association is a voluntary credential.

• The CCC-SLP meets some or all of the requirements for licensure in some states and may be required by some employers.
• Speech-language pathologists with CCC-SLP certification can apply for additional specialty certifications.
• Child language and language disorders (BCS-CL)
• Fluency (BCS-F)
• Swallowing and swallowing disorders Job prospects for speech-language pathologists - answer - Opportunities should be favorable, particularly for those with the ability to speak a second language, such as Spanish.
• Demand for SPLs can be regional, so job prospects are expected to be favorable for those who are willing to relocate.
• Schools often have openings for speech pathologists especially in the mountain and Pacific states. Work descriptions for audiologists - answer - Audiologists work with people who have hearing, balance, and related ear problems.
• Examine individuals of all ages and identify those with the symptoms of hearing loss and other auditory, balance, and related sensory and neural problems. Audiologist employment opportunities - answer - Audiologists held about 12,250 jobs in 2014.
• About two-thirds of all jobs were in healthcare facilities—offices of physicians or other health practitioners, including other audiologists and in hospitals and outpatient care centers.
• About 10% of jobs were in educational services. Audiologist education and training - answer - Individuals pursuing a career will need to earn a doctoral degree.
• The doctoral degree in audiology is a graduate program typically lasting 4 years and resulting in the AuD designation. Licensure requirements for audiologists - answer - Audiologists are regulated by licensure in all 50 states.
• Although some states may accept a master's degree in audiology for licensure, graduate programs have transitioned to a doctoral degree (AuD); people considering a career in audiology will be required to complete a doctorate.

Audiologist certification and other requirements - answer - Audiologists can earn the Certificate of Clinical Competence in Audiology (CCC-A).

• Since 2012, a doctoral degree is required for applicants for the CCC-A credential.
• In addition, audiologists can apply for certification from the American Board of Audiology. Audiologists job prospectives - answer - Job prospects will be favorable for audiologists.
• Demand may be greater in areas with large numbers of retirees, so audiologists who are willing to relocate may have the best job prospects.
• The number of audiologists in private practice will rise due to the increasing demand for direct services to individuals. Physical therapist work description - answer - Physical therapists provide services that help restore function, improve mobility, relieve pain, and prevent or limit permanent physical disabilities.
• Restore, maintain, and promote overall fitness and health.
• Some physical therapists treat a wide range of ailments.
• Some specialize in: pediatrics, geriatrics, orthopedics, sports medicine, neurology, and cardiopulmonary physical therapy.
• Work to prevent injury and loss of mobility, developing fitness and wellness programs to promote a healthy and active lifestyle. Physical therapist employment opportunities - answer - Physical therapists held about 210,900 jobs in

• The number of jobs is greater than the number of practicing physical therapists because some physical therapists hold two or more jobs.
• Some may work in a private practice and work part time in another healthcare facility. Physical therapist education and training - answer - Doctoral degree programs typically last 3 years; most programs require a bachelor's degree and prerequisites.
• Most accredited programs require applicants to use the Physical Therapist Centralized Application Service (PTCAS).

Physical therapy licensure requirements - answer - All states regulate the practice of physical therapy.

• Typical requirements for PTs
• Graduation from an accredited physical therapy education program
• Passing the National Physical Therapy Examination
• Fulfilling state requirements such as jurisprudence exams. Physical therapy certification and other qualifications - answer - Physical therapists may obtain certification in eight specialty areas through the American Board of Physical Therapy Specialists.
• Requirements include completion of at least 2000 hours of clinical work or completion of an APTA- accredited program in a specialty area and passing an examination. Physical therapy job prospects - answer - Job opportunities will be good for licensed physical therapists in all settings.
• Job opportunities should be particularly good in acute hospital, rehabilitation, and orthopedic settings, where the elderly are most often treated.
• Physical therapists with specialized knowledge of particular types of treatment also will have excellent job prospects. Physical therapy assistant and aides work description - answer - Physical therapist assistants and aides help physical therapists provide treatment that improves patient mobility, relieves pain, and prevents or lessens physical disabilities of patients.
• Help patients exercise or learn to use crutches.
• Provide part of a patient's treatment, under the direction and supervision of physical therapists.
• Provide exercises, massages, electrical stimulation, paraffin baths, hot and cold packs, traction, and ultrasound.
• Record the patient's responses to treatment and report the outcome of each treatment to the physical therapist. Physical therapy assistant and aide employment opportunity - answer - Physical therapist assistants and aides held about 128,700 jobs in 2014.
• Physical therapist assistants held about 78,700 jobs.
• Physical therapist aides held approximately 50,000 jobs.

• Both work with physical therapists in a variety of settings.
• About 76% of jobs were in offices of physical therapists or in hospitals.
• Others worked primarily in nursing care facilities, offices of physicians, home healthcare services, and outpatient care centers. Physical therapy assistant and aide education and training - answer - Employers typically require physical therapist aides to have a high school diploma.
• They are trained on the job, and most employers provide clinical on-the-job training
• In most states, physical therapist assistants are required by law to hold an associate's degree.
• The American Physical Therapy Association's Commission on - Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education (CAPTE) accredits postsecondary physical therapy assistant programs.
• Programs usually last 2 years and culminate in an associate's degree. Physical therapy assistant and aide licensure - answer - Licensing is not required to practice as a physical therapist aide.
• Most states require licensure or registration in order to work as a physical therapist assistant.
• States that require licensure stipulate specific educational and examination criteria. Physical therapy assistant and aide job prospects - answer - Opportunities for individuals interested in becoming physical therapist assistants are expected to be very good.
• Physical therapist aides may face keen competition from the large pool of qualified individuals.
• Physical therapist assistants and aides with prior experience working in a physical therapy office or other healthcare setting will have the best job opportunities. Physical therapy assistant and aide earnings - answer - Median annual wages of physical therapist assistants were $54,410 in May 2014.
• The middle 50% earned between $43,280 and $65,710.
• The lowest 10% earned less than $31,840.
• The highest 10% earned more than $75,530.
• Median annual wages of physical therapist aides were $24,650 in May 2014.
• The middle 50% earned between $21,020 and $29,870.

• The lowest 10% earned less than $18,370.
• The highest 10% earned more than $36,830. Orthotists and prosthetists work descriptions - answer - Orthotics and prosthetics refers to the evaluation, fabrication, and custom fitting of artificial limbs and orthopedic braces.
• An orthotist designs and fits corrective braces, inserts, and supports for body parts that need straightening or other curative functions.
• A prosthetist designs, measures, fits, and adjusts artificial limbs for amputees and devices for people with musculoskeletal or neurological conditions. Orthotists and prosthetists employment opportunities - answer - Orthotists and prosthetists held about 8,300 jobs in 2014.
• More than 50% of these jobs were held in companies involved in medical equipment and supplies manufacturing or in health and personal care stores.
• Most O&P professionals work full time. Orthotists and prosthetists education and training - answer - Orthotist and prosthetist practitioners must receive a master's degree in orthotics and prosthetics.
• These programs generally take 2 years to complete and involve courses in upper and lower extremity orthotics and prosthetics, spinal orthotics, and plastics and other materials. Orthotists and prosthetists licensure - answer - Some states require licensure.
• For those states, certification from the American Board for Certification in Orthotics, Prosthetics, and Pedorthics (ABC) is also a requirement.
• Eligibility requirements vary by state. Orthotists and prosthetists job prospects - answer - Opportunities for individuals interested in becoming and orthotist and prosthetist are expected to be very good.
• Those individuals possessing professional certification will have the best job opportunities. Orthotists and prosthetists earnings - answer - Median annual wages of orthotists and prosthetists were $70,690 in May 2014.

• The middle 50% earned between $47,770 and $87,050.
• The lowest 10% earned less than $35,240.
• The highest 10% earned more than $110,690. Occupational therapist work description - answer - Occupational therapists treat people with mental, physical, developmental, or emotional disabilities so that they may participate in the things they want and need to do through therapeutic use of daily activities.
• They employ a variety of techniques designed to help individuals develop or maintain daily living skills, and cope with the physical and emotional effects of disability. Occupational therapist employee opportunity - answer - Occupational therapists held about 114, jobs in 2014.
• The largest number of jobs was in ambulatory healthcare services: about 22% of occupational therapists.
• Other major employers included hospitals, offices of other health practitioners (including offices of other occupational therapists), public and private educational services, and nursing care facilities. Occupational therapy education and training - answer - A master's degree or higher in occupational therapy is the minimum requirement for entry into the field.
• In addition, occupational therapists must attend an academic program accredited by the Accreditation Council for Occupational Therapy Education (ACOTE) in order to sit for the national certifying exam.
• People considering the profession of occupational therapy should take high school courses in biology, chemistry, physics, health, art, and the social sciences.
• College admissions offices also look favorably on paid or volunteer experience in the healthcare field.
• Relevant undergraduate majors include biology, psychology, sociology, anthropology, liberal arts, and anatomy. Occupational therapist licensure - answer - All 50 states, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the District of Columbia regulate the practice of occupational therapy.
• To obtain a license, applicants must graduate from an accredited educational program and pass a national certification examination.
• Those who pass the exam are awarded the title Occupational Therapist, Registered (OTR).

• Some states have additional requirements for therapists who work in schools or early intervention programs.
• Requirements may include education-related classes, an education practice certificate, or early intervention certification. Occupational therapist certification and other qualifications - answer - Certification is voluntary.
• The National Board for Certifying Occupational Therapy certifies occupational therapists through a national certifying exam.
• In some states, the national certifying exam meets requirements for regulation; other states have their own licensing exam. Occupational therapist job prospects - answer - Job opportunities should be good for licensed occupational therapists in all settings, particularly in acute hospital, rehabilitation, and orthopedic settings because the elderly receive most of their treatment in these settings.
• Occupational therapists with specialized knowledge in a treatment area also will have increased job prospects. Occupational therapist earnings - answer - Median annual earnings of occupational therapists were $78,810 in May 2014.
• The middle 50% earned between $65,020 and $94,190.
• The lowest 10% earned less than $52,670.
• The highest 10% earned more than $112,950. Occupational therapist assistant and aide work description - answer - Occupational therapy assistants and aides work under the direction of occupational therapists to provide rehabilitative services to patients suffering from mental, physical, emotional, or developmental impairments.
• The ultimate goal is to improve clients' quality of life by helping them compensate for limitations.
• Help clients with the rehabilitative activities and exercises that are outlined in the treatment plan devised by the occupational therapist.
• Activities range from teaching the patient the proper method of moving from a bed into a wheelchair to the best way to stretch and limber the muscles of the hand.

What is the work environment like for an occupational assistant and aide? - answer - Occupational therapy assistants and aides need to have a moderate degree of strength because of the physical exertion required to assist patients.

• Assistants and aides may need to lift patients.
• Constant kneeling, stooping, and standing for long periods also are part of the job. For occupational therapist assistant and aides what are the employment opportunities? - answer - Occupational therapy assistants and aides held about 41,800 jobs in 2014.
• Occupational therapy assistants held about 30,000 jobs; occupational therapy aides held approximately 8,800.
• About 50% of jobs for assistants and aides were in offices of other health practitioners.
• 50% were in offices of other health practitioners, 15% were in hospitals, and 22% were in nursing care facilities.
• The rest were primarily in community care facilities for the elderly, home healthcare services, individual and family services, and state government agencies. For occupational therapist assistant and aides, what is the education and training required? - answer - The first year of study typically involves an introduction to health care, basic medical terminology, and anatomy and physiology.
• In the second year, courses are more rigorous and usually include occupational therapy courses in areas such as mental health, adult physical disabilities, gerontology, and pediatrics.
• Students also must complete 16 weeks of supervised fieldwork in a clinic or community setting. Is licensure required for occupational therapist assistant and aides? - answer - In most states, occupational therapy assistants are regulated and must pass a national certification examination after they graduate.
• Those who pass the test are awarded the title, Certified Occupational Therapy Assistant (COTA). Certifications for occupational therapist assistant and aides - answer - Certification is voluntary.
• The National Board for Certifying Occupational - Therapy certifies occupational therapy assistants through a national certifying exam.
• Those who pass the test are awarded the title Certified Occupational Therapy Assistant (COTA).

• In some states, the national certifying exam meets requirements for regulation; other states have their own licensing exam. Additional qualification for occupational therapist assistant and aides - answer - Assistants and aides must be responsible, patient, and willing to take directions and work as part of a team.
• They must possess moderate strength so that they can assist patients.
• They should be caring and want to help people who are not able to help themselves. Job prospects for occupational therapist assistant and aides - answer Opportunities for individuals interested in becoming occupational therapy assistants are expected to be very good. Occupational therapist assistant and aide earnings - answer - Median annual earnings of occupational therapy assistants were $56,950 in May 2014.
• The middle 50% earned between $46,170 and $68,450.
• The lowest 10% earned less than $36,420.
• The highest 10% earned more than $76,790. Athletic trainers work description: - answer - Athletic trainers help prevent and treat injuries for people of all ages and skill levels.
• Specialize in the prevention, diagnosis, assessment, treatment, and rehabilitation of muscle injuries, bone injuries, and illnesses.
• Help apply protective or injury-preventive devices such as tape, bandages, and braces. Athletic trainer employment opportunities: - answer - Athletic trainers held about 25,400 jobs in 2014.
• Most jobs are related to sports, although an increasing number work in non-sports settings.
• The majority of athletic trainers work in hospitals or in offices of other health professionals.
• About one fifth work for college and university sports teams.
• About 11% work in fitness and recreational sports centers and only 5% work for spectator sports teams. Athletic trainers education and training - answer - Although a bachelor's degree from an accredited college or university has been required for a job as an athletic trainer, in 2015 the Athletic Trainers Strategic Alliance made the decision to require a master's degree for all entry-level athletic trainers.

• Students are educated both in the classroom and in clinical settings.
• Formal education includes many science and health-related courses, such as human anatomy, physiology, nutrition, and biomechanics.
• Because some positions in high schools also involve teaching, a teaching certificate or license could be required. Athletic training licensure and certification - answer - In the majority of states, athletic trainers must be licensed or certified.
• In 2015, 49 states require athletic trainers to be licensed or registered.
• In California where licensure is not required, certification is voluntary but may be helpful for those seeking jobs and advancement. Athletic training job prospects - answer - Job Prospects
• Future job growth will be concentrated in the healthcare industry, including hospitals and offices of health practitioners.
• Fitness and recreation sports centers also will provide new jobs.
• Growth in positions with sports teams will be slower; most professional sports clubs and colleges and universities already have complete athletic training staffs. Athletic trainers earnings - answer - The median annual wage was $45,730 for athletic trainers in May

• Most athletic trainers work in full-time positions and receive benefits.
• The salary of an athletic trainer depends on experience and job responsibilities and varies by job setting. Exercise physiologist work descriptions: - answer - Exercise physiologists work to improve overall patient health.
• Many of their patients suffer from health problems, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and pulmonary disease, or are obese.
• Provide health education and develop exercise plans to reduce risk for disease by improving key health indicators such as blood pressure, blood cholesterol, and blood glucose.

Exercise pathologist employment opportunities - answer - Exercise physiologists held about 14,500 jobs in 2014.

• This is a small occupation, and compared to athletic trainers, licensure for exercise physiologists is less common and therefore there are fewer recognized standards of practice. Exercise pathologist education and training - answer - Exercise physiologists need at least a bachelor's degree from an accredited college or university in exercise science, exercise physiology, or kinesiology.
• Master's degree programs are also common and over 50% of exercise physiologists have a master's degree. Exercise pathologist licensure and certification: - answer - Few states require exercise physiologists to be licensed.
• Many states have pending legislation to create formal licensure requirements.
• Certification requires
• Graduation with a relevant bachelor's degree and coursework
• Successfully completing the ASEP exam (American Society of Exercise Physiologists)
• Exercise physiologists can sit for an exam to become a - Certified Cardiac Rehabilitation Professional (CCRP) through the American Association of Cardiovascular and - Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation (AACVPR).
• The requirements are a minimum of a bachelor's degree in a health-related field and clinical experience in cardiac rehabilitation. Exercise pathologist job prospects - answer - Demand for exercise physiologists may rise as hospitals emphasize exercise and preventive care as part of treatment for chronic diseases and long-term rehabilitation.
• The need for exercise physiologists in residential housing for seniors offers new job opportunities because the elderly frequently have diseases that benefit from structured exercise programs. Exercise pathologist earnings: - answer - The median annual wage for exercise physiologists was $46, in May 2014.
• The lowest 10% earned less than $31,000.
• The top 10% earned $73,010.

• Exercise physiologists working in hospitals earn more than those working in offices of other health professionals.
• Managers or coordinators of wellness programs or a rehabilitation specialist with a master's degree can expect higher salaries. What is in a psychologists work description? - answer - Psychologists study the behavior of individuals or groups to ascertain and understand the fundamental processes of human behavior.
• Some psychologists interview people and develop, administer, and score a variety of psychological tests.
• Some work in mental health and rehabilitation centers, hospitals, and private practice providing counseling and therapy to persons suffering emotional or adjustment problems. What are some psychology specialties? - answer - Clinical psychologists
• Health psychologists
• Neuropsychologists
• Geropsychologists
• Counseling psychologists
• Developmental psychologists
• Educational psychologists What is the work environment like for a psychologist? - answer - The psychologist's specialty and place of employment determine working conditions.
• Clinical, school, and counseling psychologists in private practice have their own offices and set their own hours.
• Psychologists employed in hospitals, nursing homes, and other health facilities may work shifts including evenings and weekends.
• Those who work in schools and clinics generally work regular hours.
• Psychologists employed as faculty by colleges and universities divide their time between teaching and research and may have administrative responsibilities. What are employment opportunities like for psychologists? - answer - Psychologists held about 173, jobs in 2014.

• Educational institutions employed about 25% of psychologists in positions other than teaching, such as counseling, testing, research, and administration.
• About 15% were employed in health care, primarily in offices of mental health practitioners, hospitals, physicians' offices, and outpatient mental health and substance abuse centers. What is the education / training needed to become a psychologist? - answer - A doctoral degree usually is required for independent practice as a psychologist.
• Psychologists with a PhD or Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) qualify for a wide range of teaching, research, clinical, and counseling positions in universities, healthcare services, elementary and secondary schools, private industry, and government.
• A doctoral degree generally requires about 5 years of graduate study, culminating in a dissertation based on original research.
• Courses in quantitative research methods, which include the use of computer-based analysis, are an integral part of graduate study and are necessary to complete the dissertation.
• In most states, a specialist degree or its equivalent is required for an individual to work as a school psychologist.
• A few states still credential school psychologists with master's degrees. Is licensure required to become a psychologist? - answer - In most states, a specialist degree or its equivalent is required for an individual to work as a school psychologist.
• A few states still credential school psychologists with master's degrees. What are the job prospects for a psychologist? - answer - Job prospects should be the best for people who have a doctoral degree from a leading university in an applied specialty.
• Psychologists with extensive training in quantitative research methods and computer science may have a competitive edge over other applicants. What is the earnings for a psychologist? - answer - The median annual salary for psychologists as of May 2014 was $92,110.
• The middle 50% earned between $65,420 and $106,500.
• The lowest 10% earned less than $42,230.
• The top 10% earned more than $120,670.

What is the work description for a substance abuse and behavioral disorder councilor? - answer - Deal with improving an individual's psychological and emotional well-being.

• Advise individuals dealing with alcoholism, illegal drug abuse, and other addictions, such as tobacco, gambling, and painkillers.
• Provide treatment and support to assist the individual's recovery.
• Work with clients individually and in group settings to teach patients how to cope with stress and life's problems.
• Some work with specific populations, such as teenagers, veterans, people with disabilities, or individuals who have been ordered by a judge to receive addiction treatment. For substance abuse and behavioral disorder councilors what are the employment opportunities - answer - Substance abuse and behavioral disorder counselors held 94,900 jobs in 2014.
• About 42% work in:
• Outpatient mental health and substance abuse centers
• Nursing and residential care facilities
• The remaining work in hospitals, state and local government, and individual and family services settings. What education and training is needed for substance abuse / behavioral disorder counselors? - answer - The wide span of educational requirements is dependent upon:
• Employment setting
• Range of responsibilities
• Type of work
• State regulations Licensure and certifications for substance abuse / behavioral disorder counselors - answer - Any substance abuse or behavioral disorder counselor who wishes to work in a private practice setting must be licensed.
• All states require a license for this setting as well as a master's degree and 2,000 to 4,000 hours of supervised clinical experience.
• Counselors also must pass a state-recognized exam and engage in continuing education on an annual basis.

• mFor substance abuse and behavioral disorder counselors who do not work in private practice, licensure and certification requirements vary by state.
• Some states specify a required level of education; others require applicants to pass an exam. What are the job prospectives for substance abuse / behavioral disorder counselors? - answer - Job opportunities are expected to be good, especially for those with specialized education and training.
• Some counselors are forced to leave the occupation early because of the stress involved in their jobs, providing openings for new counselors. What are the earnings for a substance abuse / behavioral disorder counselor? - answer - The median annual salary for substance abuse and behavioral disorder counselors as of May 2014 was $39,270.
• The middle 50% earned between $31,400 and $50,010.
• The lowest 10% earned less than $25,310.
• The top 10% earned more than $61,420.