Heavy Metals and Toxic Chemicals: Exposure Risks and Health Impacts, Exams of Physiology

Download Heavy Metals and Toxic Chemicals: Exposure Risks and Health Impacts and more Exams Physiology in PDF only on Docsity! PH 161 Final Exam 94 Questions with Complete Solutions. Bioaccumulation (biomagnification) of heavy metals is a particular hazard associated with - Correct Answer Mercury Excessively low intake of copper may be associated with - Correct Answer Dietary deficiency For fetuses, infants, and children, the hazards of heavy metals include - Correct Answer (ALL OF ABOVE) Impairment of physical and mental development Damage to internal organs Brain damage Some forms of cancer Lead exposure can arise from - Correct Answer (ALL OF ABOVE) Lead paint used in homes Certain types of pottery Lead dusts brought home from work Tap water from soldered pipes Methylation is a process that involves which of the following metals? - Correct Answer Mercury Possible methods for exposure to metals include - Correct Answer (ALL OF ABOVE) Inhalation of dusts Inhalation of metal fumes Skin contact with dusts Ingestion Arsenic standard was tightened since 2006. This was done to achive what - Correct Answer To reduce cancers What level of metals from essential metals with potential toxicity class are required for routine nutrition purposes? - Correct Answer Medium Low levels of exposure for short period of time can result in what? - Correct Answer No disease Low levels of exposure for long period of time can result in what? - Correct Answer Not determined yet, currently under research Environmental media provide important information regarding what? - Correct Answer (BOTH) Anticipation of likely contaminant in a particular media based on their high likeyhood of presence & What route of entry in the body the chemical will take based on their dominance in a particular media Ingestion is the fastest route of exposure to a chemical in terms of adsorption of the chemical in the blood? - Correct Answer False A chemical can end up in the National priority (NPL) list if the chemical is highly toxic but it's occurance on the hazardous sites is rare - Correct Answer False High exposure to aluminum is associated with occurance of what disease? - Correct Answer Alzheimer's Disease Which of the following chemicals bioaccumulate? - Correct Answer (ALL OF ABOVE) Lead Mercury Arsenic Heavy metals are heavy because of what? - Correct Answer (1 and 3) Their specific gravity exceeds the specific gravity of water by 5 to 6 times & They have high molar mass (molecular weight) The type of environmental media (air, water, food, soil) significantly affect the degree of exposure to heavy metals. - Correct Answer True Which of the following is a heavy metal used for medical therapy? - Correct Answer Aluminum What type of pesticides are persistent organic pollutants ? - Correct Answer Organochlorides Pyrethroids are produced synthetically. - Correct Answer False Health effects of pesticides are based on: - Correct Answer (ALL OF ABOVE) Concentration of pesticide Duration of pesticide exposure Frequency of pesticide exposure Organic chemicals must have what molecule in it? - Correct Answer Carbon The advantage of carbamates is that they - Correct Answer Dissipate quickly DDT were heavily used to control the spread of what disease? - Correct Answer Malaria Sometimes intermediate products are much more dangerous. It is evidenced by what of the following chemicals? - Correct Answer Methyl isocyanate Some pesticide products have potential to cause endocrine disruption. - Correct Answer True The toxic effect of Persistent organic pollutants remains only at the local environment . - Correct Answer False The health effects of exposure to dioxins include - Correct Answer (ALL OF ABOVE) Chloracne Skin rashes Liver damage Endocrine effects Which of the following is untrue? Chemical disease agents are - Correct Answer Solely the product of humankind's actions in the biosphere Which statement about dioxins is untrue? - Correct Answer They are never produced in the natural environment. Itai-ital disease condition can occur from exposure to - Correct Answer Cadmium Minamata disease occurs from exposure to - Correct Answer Mercury Which of the following is a heavy metal used for medical therapy - Correct Answer Aluminum Which of the following is the essential heavy metal with potential toxic properties ? - Correct Answer Chromium III By what mechanism exposure to mercury by inhalation can occur? - Correct Answer Exposure to mercury vapors during mercury extraction from cinnabar ores One of the common symptom from exposure to Nickel is - Correct Answer contact dermatitis The disease hemachromatosis occurs from excessive exposure to - Correct Answer Iron Women have lesser amount of exposure to heavy metals compared to men. - Correct Answer False Children receive high doses of heavy metals because - Correct Answer They consume high proportion of food relative to their body weight and thus may receive high dosage of heavy metals Erin Brockovich was a successful advocate against groundwater pollution from - Correct Answer Chromium Excessively low intake of copper may be associated with - Correct Answer Dietary deficiency For fetuses, infants, and children, the hazards of heavy metals include - Correct Answer Impairment of physical and mental development Damage to internal organs Brain damage Some forms of cancer Lead exposure can arise from - Correct Answer Lead paint used in homes Certain types of pottery Lead dusts brought home from work Tap water from soldered pipes Methylation is a process that involves which of the following metals? - Correct Answer Mercury One of the most frequent methods of exposure to beryllium is - Correct Answer Workers' inhalation of beryllium in metal processing industries Possible methods for exposure to metals include - Correct Answer Inhalation of dusts Inhalation of metal fumes Skin contact with dusts Ingestion Substances on the National Priorities List (United States) have the following characteristics - Correct Answer They have known or suspected toxicity. They have potential for human exposure. They appear frequently in uncontrolled or abandoned waste sites. They are scheduled for possible remediation under Superfund. The symptoms of long-term exposure to lower levels of toxic metals include - Correct Answer Chronic illness effects Which of the following metals is not classified as a major toxic metal with multiple effects? - Correct Answer Silver Which of the following statements about heavy metals is true? - Correct Answer Their specific gravity exceeds that of water by five or more times.