History of Rock and Roll Exam 1, Exams of History

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History of rock and roll exam 1 okstate musi-2763 Questions & Answers Groove - ANSWER pattern of beats (Feel the Rhythm" Harmonic Roots - ANSWER Bass line Harmonic Filler - ANSWER Music that takes place between the bass and treble parts sound box - ANSWER a perceived three-dimensional space, which is forged through the use of stereo, creating a sense of depth and textual density Pitch - ANSWER How high or low a sound is Non-pitch - ANSWER Lacking a fixed frequency Interval - ANSWER distance between two pitches range (Music) - ANSWER Difference between the highest and lowest notes Dynamics - ANSWER volume Timbre - ANSWER quality of sound Rhythm - ANSWER beat, big beat, backbeat(2 and 4), downbeat beat (music) - ANSWER regular pulse of music Big Beat - ANSWER The steady and prominent beat Downbeat - ANSWER First beat of the measure, the strongest in any meter. meter (music) - ANSWER underlying pattern of beats that maintains itself consistently throughout a work Duple meter - ANSWER strong 1, weak 2 Triple Meter - ANSWER strong 1, weak 2,3 Quadruple meter - ANSWER 1,3 strong, 2,4 weak Simple meter - ANSWER Meter in which the beat is divided into two, as in duple, triple, and quadruple meters. Compound meter - ANSWER combination of duple, triple, and quadruple Shuffle Rhythm - ANSWER (1, _ , a , 2 , _ , a) Accent - ANSWER Stressed Syncopation - ANSWER Stress in an unexpected place Bar (measure) - ANSWER (1,2,3,4) Style beat - ANSWER Rock beat rock beat - ANSWER Eight evenly spaced sounds per measure (or two per beat) over a strong backbeat. Refrain - ANSWER text and music repeats Full reprise - ANSWER full repeat Partial reprise - ANSWER partial repeat Simple verse-chorus - ANSWER ABAB same music Contrasting verse-chorus form - ANSWER verse and chorus sections have contrasting musically, beyond lyrics Compound AABA form - ANSWER verse and chorus sections contrast musically, beyond lyrics Simple verse form - ANSWER contains a series of verses(or refrains, does not employ chorus or bridge sections) Rhythm section - ANSWER bass, drums, piano Reverb - ANSWER artificial techno Delay - ANSWER An animation setting that specifies how long the effect should pause before it begins. Mono - ANSWER one sound Stereo - ANSWER 2 sounds Race music - ANSWER before 1955, conservative pop, blues Tin Pan Alley - ANSWER a city district (originally in New York) where composers and publishers of popular music do business Jazz - ANSWER big band swing Big bands - ANSWER Performed swing music with bands containing 20 or more players, popular in the 1930's and 40's Swing Music - ANSWER the name given generally to the popular jazz of the 1930s and 1940s that prominently featured a swing rhythm Jump band - ANSWER A scaled-back version of a Swing Era big band that plays rhythm and blues Crooners - ANSWER a singer, typically a male one, who sings sentimental songs in a soft, low voice. Country - ANSWER "hillbilly music", southeast appalachia, "Wild Flower"- The carter family, A.P Carter, Sara Carter, Maybelle Carter Western - ANSWER West, southwest, "Waiting for a Train" Jimmie Rogers, Yodeling, Western swing Blues - ANSWER Delta Blues (Country Blues) - ANSWER Blind Lemon Jefferson, lead belly, "cross road blues"-Robert Johnson, Extra beats are possible, voice and guitar Hokum - ANSWER Piano and guitar, Up-tempo, sexual lyrics, "its tight like that"- Tampa Red and Georgia Tom (Thomas Dorsey) Boogie-Woogie - ANSWER - Piano style, Repeated Riff, Big beat in right hand, Shuffle Rhythm in left hand, "Pine Top's Boogie Woogie"- Pinetop Smith Electric Blues (Urban Blues) - ANSWER Chicago, Memphis, Female singers, "St. Louis Blues"- Bessie Smith Electric guitar, bass, piano, drums Black Gospel - ANSWER Harmony singing, Call and response, acapella singing, Accompanied with piano, bass, guitar, and drums. Rhythm & Blues - ANSWER Independent R&B Labels, Sun records(Memphis), Chess Records(Chicago) "im your hoochie coochie man" - Muddy Waters, John Lee Hooker, Bo Diddley, Howlin' Wolf, King Records(Cincinnati), Atlantic Records(New York), "Shake, Rattle, and Roll" - Big Joe Turner, Ray Charles Doo-Wop - ANSWER Vocal style of the 1950s featuring a lead vocalist with backround vocalists often employing nonsense syllables to imitate instrumental accompaniment Honky Tonk - ANSWER Backbeat, "Hey, good looking" - Hank Williams, Fiddle, Steel Guitar. Afro-Latin Music - ANSWER Clave Rhythm - ANSWER A Latin American rhythm and also the name of the sticks used to create the rhythm Clave rhythm 3+3+4+2+4 Alan Freed - ANSWER radio disco jockey "Rock Around The Clock"- Bill Haley and his Comets - ANSWER "Shake, Rattle, and Roll"- Big Joe Turner - ANSWER Elvis Presley - ANSWER Sun Records to RCA, Not a songwriter(covers), "That's All Right (Mama)", simple verse, 2/4 Sun Records - ANSWER An independent label started in 1952 by Sam Phillips in Memphis. Payola - ANSWER bribing someone to put your music on the radio Crossover - ANSWER Early Rock and Roll - ANSWER Link Wray(1929-2005)- Native American (Shawnee), Early rock and roll/rockabilly guitarist, Early use of the power chord, "Rumble" Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller - ANSWER The Coasters and The Drifters were Neo-Doo-Wop groups from the early 1960s. Both groups were affiliated with atlantic records Phil Spector - ANSWER Wall of Sound "Searchin" - The Coasters - ANSWER "Be My Baby" - The Ronettes - ANSWER Soul Music - ANSWER - Race Music- Rhythm and Blues- Soul Music 1960s - African-American popular music genre - Utilized vocal techniques from gospel music James Brown - ANSWER Papa's Got a Brand New Bag "Papa's Got a Brand-New Bag"- James Brown - ANSWER Stax (Memphis) - ANSWER soul music FAME studio in muscle shoals, AL - ANSWER Muscle Shoals Rhythm Section - ANSWER Atlantic Records - ANSWER NYC - The lead instrument was commonly a non-rock or rhythm and blues instrument such as a bassoon, English horn or vibraphone - The production tended to emphasize the lead singer in the mix with the instruments accompaniment - Influenced by the dense "wall of sound" productions of Phil Spector - The high end of the sound registered was "Heatwave"- Martha and the Vandellas - ANSWER Berry Gordy - ANSWER Founder of Motown Records Motown - ANSWER - Motown is both a record label specializing in soul music and a musical style - Record label was founded by Berry Gordy in Detroit in 1961. Moved to L.A in 1971 - Gordy trained songwriters and producers in an attempt to ready both black and white audiences - Distinctive sound developed from using the same teams of songwriters and producers. The same musicians(Funk brothers) and the same studio for nearly every recording - Backbeat was often minimized - The basic pulse was always articulated by a variety of instruments - Aided by handclaps and foot stamping rooted in gospel music Wall of Sound - ANSWER Phil Spector Philadelphia Sound - ANSWER soft soul - Philadelphia international records - Kenny gamble and leon huff - 1970s - Modeled after Motown - Extravagant instrumental introductions - Lush orchestrations with strings and horns - Complex textures - Polished recordings - Octaves on guitar - Novel instruments- vibraphone, harpsichord or latin percussions - Frequent use of falsetto voices - Moderate tempos - Utilized session musicians in house band (MFSB)(mother father sister brother) - Minimized backbeat - Bass guitar and kick drum on every beat - Topics of love as well as social conscious lyrics - Led to the new genre disco Kenny Gamble and Leon Huff - ANSWER the founders, song producers and promoters of Philadelphia International Records. Philadelphia International Records - ANSWER founded by kenny gamble and leon huff MFSB (Mother Father Sister Brother) - ANSWER -House band for PIR (Philadelphia International) -Provided theme for Soul Train television show "For the Love of Money" - O'Jays - ANSWER Beach Boys - ANSWER - Wilson brothers brian(vocals, piano, and bass guitar) - Dennis(vocals and drums) - Carl(vocals and guitar) - Cousin mike love(vocals and drums) - Additional members AL Jardine(vocals and guitar) - Songs often were about girls, the surfing lingo, and later about fast cars. - "Surfin' USA" The beach Boys - Pet Sounds - "Good Vibrations" The Beach Boys Minimized Backbeat - ANSWER Motown soul music Surf Rock - ANSWER - In southern California - Often utilized close harmonies