HISTORY OF ROCK AND ROLL FINAL EXAM, Exams of Social Sciences

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HISTORY OF ROCK AND ROLL FINAL EXAM

The rhythm section requires drums, a chord instrument, and a - Answers-Bass instrument When country bluesmen migrated to northern cities, they created: - Answers-Urban blues One of the most important country blues artists was - Answers-Robert Johnson The jump blues band-leader who influenced early Rock and Roll artists was - Answers- Louie Jordan Doo-Wop was a group vocal style that grew out of - Answers-Gospel music There were three main styles of country music that grew out of the original folk style - Answers-True The two country styles that were strong influences on R&R were western swing and: - Answers-Honky-tonk The 1950s DJ who organized concerts with integrated audiences was: - Answers-Alan Freed The urban blues rhythm section inspired Chuck Berry to - Answers-Make the rhythm section the entire band It is now recognized that Buddy Holly was the originator of - Answers-The Mersey Beat In 1960, Little Richard was no longer recording or playing concerts because - Answers- He was studying for the ministry The payola scandal was about - Answers-Record companies paying radio DJs The building in New York City that housed music publishers, song writers, and record companies all under one roof was called - Answers-The Brill Building Soul music is the melding of rhythm and blues and - Answers-Gospel Music The main feature in James Brown's funk music that facilitated extreme syncopation was

• Answers-The subdivided beat Atlantic Records distributed the recordings of many Memphis soul artists who were contracted to - Answers-Stax records

The instrument that was adopted by bands in the late 1950s and played a leading role in the sound and rhythm of funk, soul, and almost every style since was - Answers-The electric bass guitar Motown prepared artists for public perfomance by - Answers-schooling them in everything Motown Records had so many major hits because - Answers-Songs appealed to whites and blacks Stevie Wonder expanded the possibilities of sound in popular music by - Answers-His extensive use of synthesized sounds Of the following which was NOT a major influence on the Beatles? - Answers-Garage rock The style of music that John Lennon, Paul McCartney, and George Harrison first learned to play together was - Answers-Skiffle Music The influence of Bob Dylan on the The Beatles is most evident in - Answers-Their song lyrics Sgt. Pepper was inspired by the Beach Boys' - Answers-Pet Sounds Many of the most famous British rock musicians of the 1960s got their training playing with John Mayall's Blues Breakers and - Answers-Blues Incorporated The Rolling Stones started out as a - Answers-Blues revival band British blues revival bands were inspired by - Answers-The re-release of Robert Johnson's recordings The music festival that the Rolling Stones promoted where a fan was stabbed to death was called the - Answers-Altamont Music Festival In the 1950s, teen culture became more influential because - Answers-Prosperous times allowed teens to have their own money Memphis based Sun Records, owned by Sam Philips, was important because - Answers-It was where rockabilly music was first recorded One of the reasons Elvis Presely was so successful was that he was the most stylistically versatile singer of his time - Answers-True Microgroove technology enabled: - Answers-Multiple songs to be placed on each side of a record

The counterculture of the 1960s grew out of - Answers-The beat movement of the 1950s The rhythm in most Too-Wop songs is marked by - Answers-A triplet subdivision The movement of people from rural America to big cities and African-Americans from the south to cities in the north in the 20th century is - Answers-The Great Migration The individual most responsible for taking the African-American church music tradition from spirituals to gospel music was - Answers-Thomas A. Dorsey The most important female singer of the American blues revival was - Answers-Janis Joplin The British Mersey beat was inspired by - Answers-Buddy Holly In 1969, The Who released their recording of the first full rock opera titled - Answers- Tommy Hendrix's major contribution to rock guitar playing was - Answers-The wide variety of sounds he produced Jimi Hendrix first gained fame in - Answers-England The U.S. response to the "British Invasion" was - Answers-Garage band music Link Gray's invention of the power chord is most important because it has been used in almost every style of popular music - Answers-True The region of the U.S. that had the strongest connection to English folk music was - Answers-Appalachia Two of the most important performers of the early folk revival were Woody Guthrie and - Answers-Pete Seeger The first event at which Bob Dylan took the stage backed up by a rock band was - Answers-1965 Newport Folk Festival The above event helped to establish a new style called - Answers-Folk Rock Bob Dylan's 1964 album, Another Side of Bob Dylan, became a model for performers of the late 1960s who were called - Answers-Singer/songwriters

The literary-socio-philosophical movement or the 1950s that helped make San Francisco a center for the 1960s counter culture was called - Answers-The Beat Movement The Grateful Dead became legendary among fans of psychedelic rock because of their mastery of - Answers-Extended improvisation In the 1970s, The Grateful Dead facilitated the birth of free music sharing by - Answers- Allowing their fans to record their concerts The three economic issues that contributed to a worldwide recession in the 1970s were high interest rates, high inflation, and - Answers-The energy crisis The two individuals who were most responsible for inventing country rock were Bob Dylan and - Answers-Graham Parsons The Eagles started as a country rock band, but in the mid seventies changed their style to - Answers-Harder Rock The musical style of Blood, Sweat, and Tears differed from that of Chicago in that - Answers-It leaned more toward pure jazz In medieval times, a repeating bass line in a song was called a - Answers-Ground A common unifying device in heavy metal songs is the - Answers-Repeating bass riff An American band that is often credited with being a forerunner of heavy metal was - Answers-Iron Butterfly The most influential British forerunner to heavy metal was - Answers-Led Zeppelin The dark, sinister image of heavy metal began with - Answers-Black Sabbath The main feature of minimalism is - Answers-Repetition of a short melodic figure The group that is famous for using both minimalism and non-traditional musical sounds was - Answers-Pink Floyd The three ways that classical or art music has been employed in rock are the use of orchestral instruments, rock arrangements of classical pieces and the use of classical forms and compositional devices - Answers-True The group that was best known for their rock arrangements of classical works was - Answers-Emerson, Lake, and Palmer The Jamaican folk music style that developed into ska is called - Answers-Mento

The beat that is the rhythmic signature of both ska and reggae is - Answers-The hesitation beat R&B became popular in Jamaica through - Answers-Powerful AM radio broadcasts from the U.S. The ska revival of the 1970s was started by punk bands in - Answers-England Why was punk rock so accessible to audiences and those who desired to play it? - Answers-Simplicity In what way was punk a musical as well as a social form of rebellion? - Answers-It sought to recapture the simplicity of early rock and bring it back to a form that anyone could play What was the significance of The Velvet Underground, MC5, and the Stooges to the development of punk rock? - Answers-Dark themes and distortion Who or What was the CBGB's? - Answers-It was a club that sponsored a festival of top forty New York bands What were some of the musical characteristics of new wave music? - Answers- Intellectual punk, more melodic, less aggressive, and words were most important What are polyrhythms? - Answers-Bass and drums cover first beat of measure then separates into independent rhythmic patterns based on the subdivided beat How were the rhythmic accents of James Brown's funk of the 1960s changed by other artists in the 1970s? - Answers-Accents all four beats Who was George Clinton? - Answers-Writer from Motown, started two groups on street funk style, the bands were called Parliament and Funkadelic How was the making of most disco records similar to that of early 1960s brill building approach - Answers-Producers most important creative part Who was Giorgio Moroder? - Answers-Most influential producers in disco, worked with Donna Summer Did disco have influence on styles that came after it? - Answers-Foundation for many styles of techno, house music, and dance culture What was the most direct precursor to rap? - Answers-The toasting DJs of Jamaica Who is DJ Kool Herc? - Answers-Influential in birth of rap and hip hop

What were the original principles of hip-hop culture? - Answers-Freedom, equality, knowledge, wisdom, and understanding Why does hard-core rap often feature negative subject matter and imagery? - Answers- The conditions of the ghetto, "telling it like it is" What was the musical ingredient that helped rap to enter the mainstream? - Answers- Pop musical elements What were the three most influential rhythmic elements of 1980s pop? - Answers- Aggressive drive of punk, the hesitation beat shuffle of reggae, and the subdivided beat of funk, black pop, and disco. What were the three ways that the stylistic fusions of the 1980s different from those of earlier eras? - Answers-Blues were not at the core, "outside" influences came from within rock era music, boundaries between styles became less defined What new entertainment genre transformed the way that music was promoted in the 1980s? - Answers-Music video How did this new music genre help to determine the type of performers that would be the most popular? - Answers-Striking appearance now necessary How did music video change the relationship between music and moving images? - Answers-Song inspired images and story instead of other way around How did Michael Jackson's Thriller video influence subsequent video productions of other artists? - Answers-Song as focal point What was Madonna's most influential achievement? - Answers-Showed power and a way for women to gain gender equality within music business To what did alternative rock offer an alternative? - Answers-Pop dominated music of the 1980s Why did grunge bands and other post punk bands refuse to associate with major record labels? - Answers-Wanted to bring rock back to roots, small venues, contact with audience What were the musical characteristics of gothic rock? - Answers-Low voices, bass heavy instruments, and slow tempos What did the "straight edge" movement espouse? - Answers-Drugs, tobacco, and illicit sex

What is a "prepared instrument" - Answers-One that is retuned or something added to it What were the issues that so angered industrial rockers? - Answers-Against oppressive controls from industry and its demands to live life "on the clock" What was the new development of the digital age that transformed the way that music was distributed in the 1990s and after - Answers-Internet What was the musical formula that the typical alternative rock song followed, and typifies so many of the popular songs today? - Answers-Pounding beat and bass heavy texture of punk, but combined that with more varied emotional lyrics What are the three stylistic fusions that rap rock represents - Answers-Funk, Rap, and Heavy Metal How is the music of Rage Against the Machine like much of the music of the folk revival of the 1950s and 1960s - Answers-Political lyrics What is the feature that connects the music of Radiohead with the work of avant-garde classical composers? - Answers-Minimalism and electronic composers What is the significance of 1970s punk, rap, funk, disco, metal, and ska/reggae to popular music styles that came after them? - Answers-Almost all the styles were made up of these styles-no really new styles