Hole's Human Anatomy & Physiology Test Bank for Chapter 13 Endocrine System, Exams of Anatomy

Download Hole's Human Anatomy & Physiology Test Bank for Chapter 13 Endocrine System and more Exams Anatomy in PDF only on Docsity! Chapter 13 Hole's Human Anatomy & Physiology 9th edition David Shier, Ricki Lewis, Jackie Butler,2024 Test Bank for Chapter 13 Endocrine System Complete (multiple choice, true or false and case studies) Endocrine System True/False Quiz Please answer all questions 1 It is possible to find all the hormones in a blood sample taken from the arm. A )True B )False 2 Steroids exert their effects by increasing the amount of cAMP in the target cells. A )True B )False 3 Hormones do not stimulate all cell types with equal probability. A )True B )False 4 All hormones secreted by the pituitary actually came from the hypothalamus. A)True B)False 5 Diabetes insipidus results from an excess production of ADH. A)True B)False 6 High levels of TSH would suppress thyroxine by negative feedback. A)True B)False Multiple Choice Quiz Please answer all questions 1 Choose the statement about steroid hormones that is incorrect. A)Steroids are lipids with complex ring structures. B)Steroids can pass through their target cell membrane and interact with receptors in the nucleus. C)Steroids employ first and second messengers that amplify the cellular response. D)The estrogens and testosterone are examples of steroid hormones. 2 Prostaglandins are ___________ substances that regulate neighboring cells. A)endocrine B)paracrine C)eccrine 11 The hormone _______________, which is secreted by the adrenal _______________, causes the kidney to conserve sodium and excrete potassium ions and indirectly helps to maintain systemic blood pressure. A)aldosterone; cortex B)angiotensin I; medulla C)cortisol; cortex D)epinephrine; medulla 12 Sex hormones are secreted by ________________. A)all endocrine tissues of the body B)the inner cortex of the adrenal medulla C)the inner cortex of the adrenal medulla and the gonads D)the gonads 13 In the pancreas, ______________ cells secrete insulin, which ____________ blood levels of glucose. A)delta; raises B)alpha; lowers C)beta; raises D)beta; lowers 14 What seems to be the cause of juvenile-onset or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)? A)The receptors on the target cells become no longer responsive to insulin. B)Immune cells attack the pancreas that can then no longer produce insulin. C)The individual consumes too much sugar, which causes an overload in the bloodstream. D)Obesity seems to be the most common cause of IDDM. 15 The endocrine gland responsible for the body's circadian rhythm is the ______________ gland. A)thymus B)pineal C)parathyroid D)pituitary 16 Which of these is not an endocrine property? A)hormones reach targets through the blood B)effects are slow and cyclic C)rapid acting effects D)effects caused by chemicals 17 Which of these does not belong with the others? A)protein B)peptide C)amino acid D)steroid 18 In the "second messenger" theory, which is the first messenger? A)cAMP B)hormone C)enzyme D)receptor 19 Which of these is not an endocrine gland? A)pancreas B)testes C)salivary gland D)parathyroid 20 Which is not a function of the hypothalamus? A)affect heart rate B)control temperature C)affect water balance D)secrete FSH 21 Which of these hormones is made by the posterior pituitary? A)FSH B)LH C)ACTH D)ADH 22 Which hormone directly affects blood pressure? A)ADH B)insulin C)PTH D)ACTH 5 Thyroxine is a thyroid hormone also called T3. A)True B)False 6 Hormones exert their effects by causing organs to perform functions they could not otherwise perform. A)True B)False 7 Steroid hormones have their effect on the nucleus and genes of a target cell. A)True B)False 8 Non-steroid hormones are called second messengers because they influence the binding site first and then the activity site second. A)True B)False 9 Various protein kinases are enzymes that stimulate cells to increase their metabolic activities. A)True B)False 10 Cyclic guanosine monophosphate is an enzyme which causes the target effects seen with some hormones. A)True B)False 11 Prostaglandins are considered hormones, which are stored within cells and released on demand. A)True B)False 12 Prostaglandins are known to cause the smooth muscle of the uterus or intestines to contract. A)True B)False 13 The levels of insulin in the blood are maintained at constant, stable, homeostatic levels. A)True B)False 14 The pituitary and adrenal gland can be controlled by the direct influence of the nervous system. A)True B)False 15 The pituitary is located within the sella turcica of the ethmoid bone, and is attached to the thalamus by the infundibulum. A)True B)False 16 As blood levels of thyroid hormones increase, the secretions of TRH and TSH are reduced. A)True B)False 17 Alcohol is known to be a potent anti-antidiuretic. A)True B)False 18 The hypothalamus of the brain has osmoreceptors, which are sensitive to changes in blood concentration. A)True B)False 19 Diabetes insipidus is a condition that results in edema and swelling because of an excess of ADH. A)True B)False 20 Cretinism is a condition of physical and mental retardation that is the result of a deficiency of thyroxine. A)True B)False 21 It is possible to have high levels of TSH but a decrease in the levels of thyroxine. A)True B)False 22 Thyroxine production can be increased by TSH or antibodies. A)True B)False C)glycoprotein D)carbohydrate 5 Which of these is not a steroid? A)adrenalin B)cholesterol C)progesterone D)cortisone 6 Which of the following is the precursor that will result in the synthesis of the others? A)testosterone B)cholesterol C)vitamin D D)estrogen 7 Which of the following does not belong with the others? A)amine B)epinephrine C)cortisone D)norepinephrine 8 Which of the following does not chemically belong with the other hormones? A)ADH B)PTH C)GH D)LH 9 Which of these is not produced by the anterior pituitary? A)ACTH B)follicle-stimulating hormone C)somatostatin D)somatotropin 10 Which of these does not belong with the others? A)ICSH B)lutropin C)LH D)follitropin 11 Which of the following is not a pancreatic hormone? A)glucagon B)aldosterone C)insulin D)somatostatin 12 Which of these compounds is produced first? A)cAMP B)protein kinases C)adenylate cyclase D)ATP 13 Which factor inactivates and decreases the levels of cAMP? A)adenylate cyclase B)phosphodiesterase C)ATP conversion to ADP D)protein kinases 14 Which of the following does not employ cAMP second messengers? A)cortisol B)TSH C)FSH D)parathormone 15 Which of the following is not a hormone function? A)increase cellular oxygen consumption B)cause osteoblasts to divide C)convert fibroblasts to osteoblasts D)alter genetic expression 16 Prostaglandins are _____ that affect various functions. A)proteins B)carbohydrates C)nucleotides D)lipids 25 Which of the following is an incorrect association? A)somatotropes; GH B)thyrotropes; thyroxine C)mammatropes; PRL D)gonadotropes; GnRH 26 Which of the following directly stimulates mitosis? A)insulin B)somatotropin C)corticotropin D)growth hormone releasing hormone 27 Which of these will decrease the release of growth hormone? A)high protein diet B)GRH C)low SS levels D)poor nutrition 28 The cartilage of bones is stimulated by ______. A)GH B)insulin C)somatomedin D)somatostatin 29 The condition called _____ occurs in adulthood and is evidenced by thickened skull bones and distortions in the arms and hands. A)dwarfism B)giantism C)myxedema D)acromegaly 30 Which hormone can cause sterility in a male? A)testosterone B)prolactin C)LH D)ICSH 31 The hormone _____ causes the breast to increase its synthesis of milk. A)PRL B)oxytocin C)PRF D)PIF 32 Which of the following is not produced by the pituitary? A)ACTH B)FSH C)ICSH D)GnRH 33 Which hormone decreases the production of urine? A)ADH B)adrenalin C)oxytocin D)thyroxine 34 Oxytocin is most closely related chemically to _____. A)antidiuretic hormone B)prolactin C)follicle stimulating hormone D)luteinizing hormone 35 ADH has the ability to increase blood pressure by constricting blood vessels and is therefore also called _____. A)oxytocin B)vasopressin C)angiotensin D)adrenocorticotropin 36 Which hormone plays the greatest role in the contractions that occur in the uterus during labor? A)ADH B)estrogen C)oxytocin D)prostaglandin 37 Which hormone is most closely involved with ovulation? A)prolactin D)intolerance to heat 46 Which gland is assessed by the use of radioactive iodine? A)parathyroid B)thyroid C)ovary D)pituitary 47 The ______ directly antagonizes the effect of calcitonin. A)thyroxine B)parathormone C)insulin D)glucocorticoid 48 What is the most active form of vitamin D? A)7-dehydrocholesterol B)hydroxycholecalciferol C)cholecalciferol D)dihydroxycholecalciferol 49 What is the final factor in the synthesis of the active form of vitamin D? A)kidney function B)the diet C)intestinal conversion D)sunlight on the skin 50 Which of the following is not consistent with a diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism? A)fatigue B)soft, deformed bones C)muscle cramps D)decreased calcium 51 Osteoporosis most likely results from _____. A)a deficiency of dietary calcium B)increased calcitonin levels C)increased PTH secretion D)osteitis fibrosa 52 Which of the following is the last step in the sequence of hormone synthesis in the adrenal medulla? A)tyrosine B)dopamine C)epinephrine D)norepinephrine 53 Which of the following is not true of aldosterone? A)secreted from the zona glomerulosa B)decreases blood Na+ levels C)stimulated by angiotensin II D)raises blood volume 54 Which of the following is the factor that initiates the other steps? A)renin B)angiotensin I C)angiotensin-converting enzyme D)aldosterone 55 Which of these is not true of cortisol? A)stimulates gluconeogenesis B)decreases blood glucose C)decreases protein synthesis D)stimulated by ACTH 56 The following relate to Cushing's syndrome except which one? A)moon face and buffalo hump B)under-secretion of ACTH C)over-secretion of ACTH D)hyperglycemia 57 The following are true of insulin except which one? A)can cause hypoglycemia B)can cause hyperglycemia C)produced in the islets of Langerhans D)antagonized by glucagon