Hole's Human Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 post-test quiz, Exams of Advanced Education

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Hole's Human Anatomy &

Physiology Chapter 1 post-

test quiz

Anatomy - The study dealing with the explanations of how an organ works. Assimilation - The process of turning molecules that are ingested into forms that are compatible with the organism. Shivering when it is cold - An example of a normal homeostatic event. Negative feedback - A decrease in blood glucose that causes the inhibition of insulin. Head, neck, and trunk - Parts of the axial body. Diaphragm - Seperates the thoracic cavity from the abdonimal cavities. Mediastinum - The heart lies specifically in this space. Pleural - These membranes surround the lungs and heart. Proximal - The wrist is the most ________ of the hand region. Lateral - The arms lie on the _______ surface of the trunk. Sagittal - A ________ section divides the body into right and left. Antebrachial - The forearm is an ____________ area.

Physiology - Which field tends to rely more on experimentation to find new answers. Photosynthesis - This trait is not a characteristic of life shared by all organisms. However, circulation, digestion, and growth are. Carbon Dioxide - All organisms share a set of basic requirements. These include oxygen, pressure, food and water. The exception is ______ _______, which is not required by all organisms, even if it is present in many. Negative Feedback - Most of the body's homeostatic mechanisms operate by what? Examples: 1. Blood pressure that has dropped too low is caused to increase. 2. Maintenance of a constant body temperature is accomplished through sweating and shivering. 3. Regulation of glucose levels in the blood requires the actions of two pancreatic hormones, insulon and glucagon. Positive feedback - When a baby suckling at the breast stimulates greater milk production. Organ system - The most complex level of organism. Skin and bones - Are examples of the level of organization called organs Right upper quadrant; abdominal area - The human liver is primarily located in the _____ _____ ________ of the _________ ____. Popliteal - In reference to the back of the knee. Respiration - The exchange of gasses for the purpose of producing energy is called ___________. Excretion - The removal of a compound that the body no longer requires is called __________. Vital sign - When a nurse takes someones temperature, they are directly assessing a _____ ____.

Hydrostatic Pressure - The force that water exerts on a system is referred to as the ____________ ________. Water - The transportation of heat in the body is mainly a property of the _____ it contains. Blood pressure, blood glucose levels, and insulin production - Examples of homeostatic parameters/body values. Positive feedback - A temperature of 100.2 F which causes a further increase is an example of what? A system - Is defined as a group of organs that function together. Organelles - Intercellular areas with specific living functions. Macromolecule - This classification includes proteins and carbohydrates. Tissue - Epithelium is what? Dorsal cavity - Contains the brain, vertebral canal and the spinal cord. Orbital cavity - Contains the eyes. Cavity terms - Oral, nasal, and middle ear Ventral cavity - Refers to in front or belly side Heart - Not covered by visceral peritoneum.

Sinus areas - Frontal, maxillary, and ethmoid Muscular system - Plays a role in moving fluids, wastes, and bones. Integumentary - The skin belongs to this system. Nervous - Integration and coordination are properties of the _______ system of organs. Endocrine - Hormones are chemicals of the ________ system that affect target areas. Esophagus - Not a respiratory organ Respiratory - Parts of the pharynx belong to the ___________ and digestive systems Respiratory - The larynx is a term in the ___________ system. Lymphatic - The _________ system returns tissue fluid to the heart. Kidneys - The function of the _______ is to remove soluble wastes from the body. Excretory system componants - Lungs, large intestine, and skin. Bulbourethral glands - Found in the reproductive system. Superior - A tumor on top of the head would be on the ________ surface. Ventral - The navel is located on the _______ surface. Nose - A medial tumor on the head could be on the ____.

Transverse - A __________ section, divides an organ into top and bottom. Iliac - The same term as inguinal Hypochondriac - The lower ribs are located in the _____________ region. Umbilical - The central abdominal area is the _________ region. Cubital - A _______ fracture occurred in the elbow area. Coxal - A _____ fracture occurred in the hip region. Lower jaw - A mental tumor could be one in the _____ ___. Neck - A cervical lesion could be on the uterus or ____. Cephalic - A headache is an example of a ________ pain. Structure - Anatomy is concerned with the _________ of body parts. Axial portion - The ____ _______ of the body includes the head, neck and trunk. Pelvic - The ______ cavity is the portion enclosed by the hip bones. Visceral pleura - The lungs are covered by a membrane called the ________ ______. Lymphatic - The _________ system includes all of the glands that secrete hormones.

Lateral; superior - The lower arm is _______ to the stomach area, while the head is ________ to the stomach. Cell - The smallest living organism. Anterior - Same as ventral Lateral - A tumor on the side of the abdomen can be described as being on the _______ surface of the body. Inferior - The chin can be described as being on the ________ surface of the skull. Coronal - Another name for a frontal section. Correct pairs of terms - Cranial, skull Frontal, forehead Orbital, eyes Opthalmic, eyes Pectoral, chest Axillary, armpit Lumbar - Same as lower back If an organism displays the ability to reproduce it is a living organism - True Metabolism is a term, which can refer to the sum total of all chemical reactions in an organism. - True An otic abnormality could be a deformed nasal septum - False. The term otic refers to the ear.

Death is recognized as the absence of vital signs and absence of brain activity - True. The skin is part of the body that homeostatically controls the maintainence of body temperature. - False. The hypothalamus maintains the temperature. The skin is an organ that responds to the signals from the hypothalamus. Normal body temperature, assessed below the tongue, is 20 degrees Celsius. - False. The average is 37 degrees for adult humans. Insulin decreases blood sugar levels while glucagon acts to increase blood glucose. - True Diseases fully involve positive rather than negative feedback mechanisms. - True Properties of an organ are usually considered to be the same as those of an organ system. - False. The properties are unique. A bone would function the same whether it was alone or together with a group of similar cells. - False. The function of individual cells, cytology, is uniquely different from a group of cells, hystology, acting as a unit. The term parietal is used to same something on the surface of am organ. - False. The term parietal means the wall around an organ; visceral is the term for an organ. The peritoneum is a type of abdominal membrane. - True The parietal pleura is a membrane which covers the surface of the each lung. - False. The parietal pleura is the membrane directly on the surface of the thoricic cavity. The thymus gland lies on the top of the heart in the mediastinum. - True Serous fliud is usually protective and thick in consistancy. - False. The serous fluid membranes are very wet and slippery to reduce friction.

Nerve impulses usually have a relatively slow influence on target organs when compared to hormones. - False. The action and response of a nerve is almost immediate while chemical hormones require time to modify the metabolism of cells. The digestive system acts to bring food into cells where they are broken down into usable forms - False. The activity of the digestive system occurs in the space surrounded by the lining of the digestive organs and is considered extracellular. Digestion occurs outside of cells; once substances enter cells they undergo processes referred to as metabolism. The epididymis is part of the endocrine system. - False. The epidydymis is a male reproductive organ. The purpose of the reproductive system is for the continuation of the species. - True In the anatomical position, the palm of the hands face towards the back. - False. The anatomical position requires that the palms face forward. The stethoscope is placed on the antecubital surface in order to assess the blood pressure. - True Magnetic Resonance Imaging is a technique using radiation to view the internal structures. - False. MRI uses magnetic forces to alter spin of atoms and causes an electrical image to appear. A peripheral wound could be located near the surface of the skin. - True The term ipsilateral means the opposite side. - False. Ipsilateral means the same side; contralateral refers to the opposite side. Anterior can be used the same as ventral. - True The term transverse is identical to horizontal section. - True

The abdominal area could be divided into six regions or quadrants. - False. The term quadrant implies four areas. The term acromial indicates the elbow area. - False. Acromial refers to a shoulder area. All body structures must be associated with some type of functions and purposes. - True The term that means the opposite of central is deep. - False. Central and deep are the same. The opposite of deep is superficial. The head is considered to be a cephalic area within the axial division of the body. - True A carpal fracture is one that occurs to the bones found within the ankle. - False. The carpals are in the wrist. Tarsals are in the ankle. The occipital area is the region on the back of the skull. - True The term visceral refers to structures on the surface of the skin. - False. Visceral refers to organs of the ventral body cavity.