HSPA CRCST EXAM NEWEST ACTUAL TEST 2025 QUESTIONS AND DETAILED CORRECT ANSWERS | A+ GRADE, Exams of Nursing

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HSPA CRCST EXAM NEWEST ACTUAL

TEST 2025 QUESTIONS AND DETAILED

CORRECT ANSWERS | A+ GRADE

STUDYGUIDE

The physical or chemical process that renders an inanimate object, such as a medical device that may be contaminated with harmful microbes, safe for further handling that may be accompanied with mechanical or chemical cleaning. Correct Answer Decontamination What is the first step in the sterilization process? Correct Answer Cleaning To make safe by removing or reducing contamination by infectious organisms or other harmful substances; the reduction of contamination to an acceptable level. Correct Answer Decontamination All items returned to decontamination are considered? Correct Answer Contaminated What makes up the One-Way flow? Correct Answer 1.) Soiled area 2.)Clean processing area 3.)Sterile storage area

What is needed in order to meet (OSHA'S) safety requirements? Correct Answer Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) minimizes exposure to bloodborne pathogens and other contaminants. Includes fluid-resistant facemask, eye protection, a fluid-resistant cover gown, general purpose utility gloves, and Aluid-resistant shoe covers. Correct Answer Personal protective equipment (PPE) What are the 4 main goals of point-of-use preparation and transport? Correct Answer 1.) Removal of gross soil- so the instruments are easier to clean and to prevent damage 2.) Prevention of damage- soiled items must be prepared for transport to prevent damage 3.) Prevention of cross contamination- soiled items must be transferred from point of use to decontamination to prevent cross contamination 4.) Keeping others safe- Soiled items must be contained and labeled so that everyone that comes in contact is safe during the transportation process All departments that use and store reusable items for later transport to the Central Service departent need a designated holding area for contaminated items until they can be retrieved. What should the holding area be labeled with? Correct Answer biohazard signage

Give three ways contaminated items are returned back to CS department? Correct Answer 1.) During designated rounds time 2.)Hospital employee might bring back contaminated instruments directly to decontamination 3.) Central Service technician might be designated to take back instruments to decontamination 4.) OR staff might send soiled instrument carts up on elevators designates for contaminated items or if CENTRAL SERVICE DEPARTMENT is located near OR someone will bring soiled instruments cart to decontamination What should the contaminated holding area contain? Correct Answer 1.) contaminated trash 2.) linen receptacles 3.) hand-washing sink 4.) shielded flush-type commode for liquid waste disposal (only if blood and suction are stored there) Where should the preparation process take place? Correct Answer User Department (cleaned where the instrument is first used) EX.) operating room What are 3 important reasons why the preparation process should begin in the user department during point- of-use preparation? Correct Answer 1.) point-of use- preparation helps prolong the life of instruments because

over time blood and saline cane break down the devices protective finish. 2.) Dry soil and debris especially in instruments with lumens are much more difficult to remove than moist soil and debris 3.) soil and excess moisture promote the formation of biofilm colonies (biofilm is highly resistant to cleaning chemicals) so removing the biofilm is essential. A collection of microorganisms that attach to surfaces and each other and form a colony. The colony produces a protective gel that is very difficult to penetrate with detergents and disinfectants. Correct Answer Biofilm The proper care and handling of instruments and equipment is the responsibility of who? Correct Answer everyone who comes in contact with the instruments How do you properly complete point-of-use? Correct Answer 1.) remove gross soil from instruments while wearing correct PPE while preparing for transfer 2.) Follow the manufacturer's instructions for Point-of-use cleaning, ex.) flexible endoscope manufacture suggests water and enzymatic solution be suctioned. 3.) Separate reusable sharps from other instruments and place reusable needles and cutting edges in a separate container to reduce risk of injury

4.) Separate reusable linen and make sure no instruments are stuck to the linen 5.) remove disposable components, such as blades disposable tubing and canisters in BIOHAZARD bin 6.) open hinged instruments and disassemble multi-part instruments and place instruments in the appropriate instruments tray. (Place heavy instruments on bottom and lighter on top) and be careful with scopes and cords. 7.) keep items together for transportation to CS department if items are separated or left behind reassemble will be delaye What is it called when instruments are put on priority processing to use for another case? Correct Answer Turn Over/ Turn Around When transporting contaminated items what type of carts should be used? Correct Answer Closed cart. VS. cart cart with shelves on bottom (to prevent drips) While picking up contaminated items on rounds what should be worn to handle these items? Correct Answer Gloves then remove them and wash hands Recommended practices for contaminated item transport are provided by? Correct Answer 1.) "Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation" (AAMI)

2.) and Procedures should reflect (OSHA) regulations and 3.) additional info can be obtained from "Association for preoperative registered nurse" (AORN) Tissue, body fat, blood, and other body substances is called? Correct Answer gross soil The removal of all visible and non-visible soil and other foreign material from medical devices is? Correct Answer Cleaning The location within a healthcare facility designated for the collection, retention and cleaning of soiled and/or contaminated items. Correct Answer Decontamination area The ventilation system in decontamination should allow for no less than? Correct Answer 10 air exchanges per + negative pressure What should the temperature be in decontamination? Correct Answer 60 F and 65 F (16c and 18c) Why is low temp needed in decontamination? Correct Answer 1.) so that the CS workers wearing fluid-resistant attire won't get hot 2.) prevents growth of microorganisms

Amount of water vapor in the atmosphere; expressed as a percentage of the total amount of vapor the atmosphere could hold without condensation. Correct Answer relative humidity What should relative humidity range from? Correct Answer 30% to 60% What is one key element in the cleaning process in decontamination? Correct Answer Lighting Traffic in decontamination should be restricted to? Correct Answer Personal working in there and access should be controlled Where should emergency eye washer/shower be placed in decontamination? Correct Answer So that they are accessible within 10 seconds or 30 meters What are some cleaning procedures to help cut down high microbial count on work surface's in decontamination? Correct Answer 1. Horizontal work surfaces should be cleaned and disinfected at least at the beginning and end of each shift. 2.) Spills should be spot-cleaned immediately. 3.) Floors should be cleaned and disinfected daily. 4.) Biohazardous waste should be removed at frequent intervals.

Waste containing infectious agents that present a risk or potential risk to human health, either directly through infections or indirectly through the environment. Correct Answer biohazardous waste What makes up PPE (personal protective equipment)? Correct Answer 1.) Hair covering 2.) eye protection (googles, eyeglasses w/ shield, chin length face shield 3.) a gown with cuffs and front (gown that prevents fluid) 4.) strong gloves that covers cuffs and resists cuts & tears 5.) shoe covering 6.) cloth scrubs provided by facility How many sinks should decontamination have for cleaning? Correct Answer 3 What happens if you only have 2 sinks in decontamination? Correct Answer cleaning process must be modified to accomplish the cleaning process as if there were 3 sinks Workflow for sinks in decontamination should always be? Correct Answer Dirty to clean

What should the sinks consist of in decontamination? Correct Answer 1.) sink #1 Water and detergent or enzymatic solution 2.) sink #2 (intermediate rinse) plain and softened water 3.) sink #3 (final rinse) distilled deionized of reverse osmosis water. - to help prevent pyrogens, minerals and microbes Water that has had all minerals removed through an ion exchange process. Correct Answer Deionized water Water that is heated to steam, then allowed to cool and condense. Distillation removes impurities, like gases and organic material; it also removes some bacteria. Correct Answer Distilled water A water purification process by which a solvent, such as water, is removed of impurities after being forced through a semipermeable membrane. Correct Answer Reverse osmosis (RO) A substance, typically produced by a bacterium, that produces fever when introduced/ released into the blood. Correct Answer Pyrogen The sink water temperature in decontamination should be? Correct Answer 80f to 110f (27c to 44c)

What should be noted while using enzyme cleaners and if soil is impacting effectiveness in decontamination? Correct Answer (IFU) detergents manufacturers instructions for use All cleaning chemicals in decontamination should be? Correct Answer Mixed (per manufactures instruction) why are there markers on the sinks in decontamination? Correct Answer To help ensure that solutions are diluted Tests which use live bacterial spores to challenge the efficacy of the sterilization process and provide a direct measure of lethality are called: A. Chemical Indicator Tests. B. Chemical Integrator Tests. C. Ampulization Tests. D. Biological Tests. Correct Answer biological tests Which of the following statements about microorganisms is correct? A. All microorganisms are harmful to humans. B. Healthy humans do not carry microorganisms. C. Microorganisms are necessary for life.

D. Microorganisms die within 10 minutes of leaving the body. Correct Answer Microorganisms are necessary for life. Which of the following surgical abbreviations might be used relating to a fractured bone? A. CABG B. BSO C. ORIF D. TAH Correct Answer ORIF This unit pumps heated or cooled water through a coiled pad to therapeutically raise or lower body temperature. A. hypothermia unit B. infusion pump C. suction pump D. PCA pump Correct Answer hypothermia unit When arranging instruments in an instrument tray, you should

A. position the instruments in a manner that will facilitate sterilization B. arrange the instruments in alphabetical order C. arrange the instruments in the order of their use D. assemble all multi-part instruments to save time in the operating room Correct Answer position the instruments in a manner that will facilitate sterilization Why should the water we use to rinse in decontamination be purified? Correct Answer Because water contains minerals, bacteria, parasites that can cause harm to instruments What type of test should be done to all sources of water (ultrasonic, cart-washer, instrument washer) in decontamination? Correct Answer Water sample test Who should conduct the water sample test? Correct Answer Facility personal Why should you know the waters PH level? Correct Answer So you can decide which cleaning, disinfecting chemicals, and water purifiers to use A solution having a 7ph is considered? Correct Answer netrual A ph below 7 is considered? Correct Answer acidic

A ph above 7 is considered? Correct Answer basic (alkaline) What ph level is water? Correct Answer netural (7) What ph level is liquid cleaner? Correct Answer 14 alkaline What ph is battery acid? Correct Answer 0 acidic Brushes used for cleaning lumen usually have what type of bristles? But can also have? Correct Answer Nylon Can also have metal, plastic and sponge What brush should never be used? Correct Answer Abrasive brushes- because they can scratch the surface Sponges should always be _____ after use? Correct Answer Discarded What is instrument air? (Has to be oil free, and contaminant free) Correct Answer Compressed air with no dust no dirt used to dry medial equipment (instruments) What are types of mechanical cleaning in decontamination? Correct Answer Ultrasonics, irrigating sonics, washer-disinfectors, cart washers, pasteurizers, and automated endoscope reprocessors

What does AER stand for? Correct Answer Automatic Endoscope Reprocessor (AER) What are ultrasonic cleaners used for? Correct Answer Fine cleaning not disinfecting or sterilization What temperature should ultrasonic cleaner be? Correct Answer 80F to 109F never 140f because it will coagulate proteins making more difficult to clean When should water be changed? Correct Answer When it is visibly soiled What is the ultrasonic cleaner? Correct Answer It helps get rid of small hard to reach stuff in lumens by using gas bubbles It is important to do what to the instruments after used by the ultrasonic? Correct Answer Rinse them off What are irrigation sonics used for? Correct Answer Laparoscopic or robotic instruments Washers-disinfectors are not made to wash _____ unless stated otherwise in IFU? Correct Answer Batteries and pneumatic devices The spray-force action of pressurized water against instruments being processed to physically remove bioburden. Correct Answer Impingement

What are the cycles of the washer? Correct Answer Gentle, orthopedic instrument, and glass as well as regular instrument cycle What are the steps the washer uses? Correct Answer 1. Cool pre-rinse (cold water or enzymatic solution)

2. detergent cycle- detergent and hot water
3. Rinsing- (water-lubricant ) What type of detergents are used for ultrasonic? Correct Answer Only detergents that have been specifically formulated for ultrasonic Hinged instruments in a washer-disinfector should be? Correct Answer Opened Washer racks should never be? Correct Answer Overloaded Trays with multiple sets should be___while going in the washer? Correct Answer Opened and each tray should be placed separately Instrument washer racks and conveyor systems should be inspected how often? Correct Answer Daily Why is it important to change detergent frequently? Correct Answer Because air can get into the feed lines and prevent detergent from flowing

If white scale is seen on washing chamber what should you do? Correct Answer Remove right away What should be provided to a CS technician about the washers? Correct Answer Operator manual What type of cleaner does an irrigation sonic use? Correct Answer Solution and detergent specifically made for Sonic's What washer cycle is generally the longest cycle? Correct Answer Instruments cycle What washing cycle should be utilized for maximum cleaning? Correct Answer Instrument cycle Most cart washers don't use multiple phase cycles but instead use? Correct Answer high temperatures to reduce bacteria What are some cart-washers programmed to wash? Correct Answer Rigid containers, and instruments Can all carts be washed? Correct Answer No, make sure the carts you are washing are approved to be cleaned by the cart washer How often should you test equipment? Correct Answer Everyday

ANSI/AAMI deals with? Correct Answer Quality Assurance program of equipment testing If the mechanical cleaner has a printout the printout should be? Correct Answer Reviewed and initialed after every cycle What can be obtained to verify the effectiveness of the mechanical equipment? Correct Answer Commercially prepared products What are the different type of chemical products used to clean? Correct Answer Enzymatic, detergents and pre- soaks What are the different types of enzymatic solutions used? Correct Answer 1.) protease-(soils) 2.) lipase-(fats) 3.) amylase-(starch) Enzyme solutions keep instruments? Correct Answer Moist Temperature should not exceed ____ when dealing with enzymatic solutions Correct Answer 140f unless stated by manufacturer What are the different types of detergents? Correct Answer Emulsifiers- used to bind substances that don't usually bing together (oil, and water)

Surfactant- lowers surface tension Chelating agents- ionic charge stop soaps and detergents with reacting to minerals Detergents do not kill microorganisms unless they contain? Correct Answer germicide What are the most common detergents used? Correct Answer Neutral detergents Detergents have a ph value of? Correct Answer 6 to 8 Advantages of neutral PH detergents Correct Answer Safe to use on aluminum Disadvantage of neutral ph detergents? Correct Answer Not very effective in hard water and more difficult to rinse Alkaline detergents range from? Correct Answer 8 - 11 Advantages of alkaline ph detergent? Correct Answer They remove wider range of soil than any other type of detergent Disadvantages of alkaline ph detergents? Correct Answer Can't be used on bronze, copper and aluminum Acid detergents have a ph of? Correct Answer 1.6 to 3

Advantages of acid ph detergents? Correct Answer Removes minerals and inorganic soils Disadvantage of acid ph detergents? Correct Answer Can damage the surface of stainless steel, aluminum and glass How many types of cleaning methods are there? Correct Answer 7 What are some types of chemical cleaners that CS technicians use? Correct Answer 1.) Pre-cleaning- 1st step point of use (enzymatic, detergents) keep instruments moist 2.) manual cleaning - 2nd step to remove soil not kill microorganisms *dilute them usually neutral or alkaline 3.) descalers (acidic detergent)- used when equipment isn't running correctly *removes chalky white" 4.) lubricants- (instrument milk)- used in decontamination and clean assembly side 5.) stain/ rust removers- (acid based) ph (0-6.9) removes hard water deposits, rust, and discoloration When using any cleaning chemical the temperature will deactivate at what temperature? Correct Answer 180f

To prevent instrument damage what chemicals should never be used? (Unless recommended by manufacturer) Correct Answer Abrasive cleaning compounds Saline Buffered iodine betadine Hydrogen peroxide Any chemical not specifically recommended by manufacture Cs technicians should always follow? Correct Answer IFU If someone hand delivers soiled items to decontamination where should the items be placed? Correct Answer Cart or Counter While unloading a cart in decontamination what should be done? Correct Answer 1.) fluids should be disposed or in leak-proof container 2.) disposable and reusable items should be removed at point- of- use of not they should be bagged and sent to decontamination 3.) reusable sharps scissors, chisels, should be separated and scalpel blades should be discarded at point- of- use (if haven't been removed put in sharps container)

4.) carefully remove all tray linens, indicators, filters 5.) rigid containers should be inspected and cleaned, dispose of filters 6.) interior baskets should be removed from containers 7.) ensure the cart is completely empty Manual cleaning may be preformed when? Correct Answer For all instruments that require manual cleaning as part of their IFU 1.)Before the item is mechanically cleaned to ensure blood protein and other soil is removed 2.)When the decontamination area does not have a mechanical method of cleaning. 3.)To clean items that cannot be immersed in water 4.)For instruments with lumens. 5.) for delicate or complex medical devices, such as microsurgical and robotic instruments Why is it important for lumens/cannulated to be fully submerged? Correct Answer To make sure air bubbles get out and detergent can get in

Instruments should be brushed in a? Correct Answer To"- From" motion underwater Brushing under the water prevents? Correct Answer Aerosolization What is Aerosolization? Correct Answer When ultramicroscopic particles are released into the air What harvests the most soil? Correct Answer Tips of hinges How many times should you push a brush through a lumen? Correct Answer 7 times Why do ophthalmic Instruments have special cleaning protocols? Correct Answer Because toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS) Acute postoperative inflammatory reaction in which a noninfectious substance enters the anterior segment and induces toxic damage to the intraocular tissues? Correct Answer Toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS) When does TASS happen? Correct Answer Occurs when contaminants enter the eye during eye surgery What is the correct way to clean robotics and laparoscopic instruments? Correct Answer Follow the flushing instructions and always use properly sized brushes

In orthopedics and neurological instruments, Joint replacements, cutting guides, rasps, reamers and broaches hide what? Correct Answer Gross amounts of bone and blood tissue Power equipment is powered by? Correct Answer Batteries, pneumatic air and electricity Cannulated drills should be cleaned how? Correct Answer Running tap water and soft brush Rigid containers and basins should be cleaned with what? Correct Answer netural ph detergent What is mobile patient care equipment? Correct Answer Equipment that has to be wiped down using (cleaning cloths) A surgical procedure done in a manner that causes little or no trauma or injury to the patient; it is often performed through a cannula using lasers, endoscopes or laparoscopes. Compared with other procedures, minimally invasive procedures involve smaller incisions, less bleeding, smaller amounts of anesthesia, less pain and minimal scarring. Correct Answer Minimally invasive procedures A system of healthcare providers and organizations that provides (or arranges to provide) a coordinated range of services to a specific population. Correct Answer Integrated delivery network (IDN)

An inventory control system for products/equipment typically used in an operating room that involves use of an enclosed cart generally prepared for one surgical case, and not used for general supply replenishment. Correct Answer Case cart system a document that identifies a physician's needs for a specific medical procedures (preferences) Correct Answer Doctors preference card A list of specific supplies, utensils and instruments for a specific procedure. Correct Answer Case cart pull sheet (pick list) The healthcare department responsible for researching, ordering, receiving, and managing inventory (consumable supplies). Correct Answer Material Management Department Most highly-quality forgings come from mills in? Correct Answer Germany Some instruments require more than___ Milling operations to create the male and female half of the cutting serrations. Correct Answer 20 The part of the surgical instrument that "locks" the handles in place? Correct Answer Ratchet

What are serrations in an instrument? Correct Answer parallel grooves in the jaws of a surgical instrument What is tempering? Correct Answer The final heat procedure in making an instrument Point where the two jaws or blades of an instrument connect and pivot on a needle holder? Correct Answer Box lock In a needle holder what is the part that holds the needle called? Correct Answer Jaws Two or more opposable parts that open and close; used for holding or crushing something between them? Correct Answer Jaws After a couple years can Stainless steel jaw treads be replaced in a needle holder instrument? Correct Answer No What are the 2 circle parts at the bottom of a needle holder called? Correct Answer Rings What is the very top part of the scissors called? Correct Answer Tip Where are the shanks locatedh Correct Answer Rip What is the primary function of tissue forceps? Correct Answer To manipulate tissue