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HSPA CRCST FINAL EXAM COMPLETE SET
OF QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS Graded A+
This unit pumps heated or cooled water through a coiled pad to therapeutically raise or lower body temperature. A. hypothermia unit B. infusion pump C. suction pump D. PCA pump hypothermia unit Which of the following statements about microorganisms is correct? A. All microorganisms are harmful to humans. B. Healthy humans do not carry microorganisms. C. Microorganisms are necessary for life.
D. Microorganisms die within 10 minutes of leaving the body. Microorganisms are necessary for life. Tests which use live bacterial spores to challenge the efficacy of the sterilization process and provide a direct measure of lethality are called: A. Chemical Indicator Tests. B. Chemical Integrator Tests. C. Ampulization Tests. D. Biological Tests. biological tests What should the sinks consist of in decontamination? 1.) sink #1 Water and detergent or enzymatic solution 2.) sink #2 (intermediate rinse) plain and softened water 3.) sink #3 (final rinse) distilled deionized of reverse osmosis water. - to help prevent pyrogens, minerals and microbes Which of the following surgical abbreviations might be used relating to a fractured bone?
Decontamination What is the first step in the sterilization process? Cleaning To make safe by removing or reducing contamination by infectious organisms or other harmful substances; the reduction of contamination to an acceptable level. Decontamination All items returned to decontamination are considered? Contaminated What makes up the One-Way flow? 1.) Soiled area 2.)Clean processing area 3.)Sterile storage area What is needed in order to meet (OSHA'S) safety requirements? Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) minimizes exposure to bloodborne pathogens and other contaminants. Includes fluid-resistant facemask, eye protection, a fluid-resistant cover gown, general purpose utility gloves, and Aluid-resistant shoe covers. Personal protective equipment (PPE) What are the 4 main goals of point-of-use preparation and transport? 1.) Removal of gross soil- so the instruments are easier to clean and to prevent damage 2.) Prevention of damage- soiled items must be prepared for transport to prevent damage
3.) Prevention of cross contamination- soiled items must be transferred from point of use to decontamination to prevent cross contamination 4.) Keeping others safe- Soiled items must be contained and labeled so that everyone that comes in contact is safe during the transportation process All departments that use and store reusable items for later transport to the Central Service departent need a designated holding area for contaminated items until they can be retrieved. What should the holding area be labeled with? biohazard signage Give three ways contaminated items are returned back to CS department? 1.) During designated rounds time 2.)Hospital employee might bring back contaminated instruments directly to decontamination 3.) Central Service technician might be designated to take back instruments to decontamination 4.) OR staff might send soiled instrument carts up on elevators designates for contaminated items or if CENTRAL SERVICE DEPARTMENT is located near OR someone will bring soiled instruments cart to decontamination What should the contaminated holding area contain? 1.) contaminated trash 2.) linen receptacles
2.) Follow the manufacturer's instructions for Point-of-use cleaning, ex.) flexible endoscope manufacture suggests water and enzymatic solution be suctioned. 3.) Separate reusable sharps from other instruments and place reusable needles and cutting edges in a separate container to reduce risk of injury 4.) Separate reusable linen and make sure no instruments are stuck to the linen 5.) remove disposable components, such as blades disposable tubing and canisters in BIOHAZARD bin 6.) open hinged instruments and disassemble multi-part instruments and place instruments in the appropriate instruments tray. (Place heavy instruments on bottom and lighter on top) and be careful with scopes and cords. 7.) keep items together for transportation to CS department if items are separated or left behind reassemble will be delaye What is it called when instruments are put on priority processing to use for another case? Turn Over/ Turn Around When transporting contaminated items what type of carts should be used? Closed cart. VS. cart cart with shelves on bottom (to prevent drips) While picking up contaminated items on rounds what should be worn to handle these items? Gloves then remove them and wash hands
Recommended practices for contaminated item transport are provided by? 1.) "Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation" (AAMI) 2.) and Procedures should reflect (OSHA) regulations and 3.) additional info can be obtained from "Association for preoperative registered nurse" (ARON) Tissue, body fat, blood, and other body substances is called? gross soil The removal of all visible and non-visible soil and other foreign material from medical devices is? Cleaning The location within a healthcare facility designated for the collection, retention and cleaning of soiled and/or contaminated items. Decontamination area The ventilation system in decontamination should allow for no less than? 10 air exchanges per + negative pressure What should the temperature be in decontamination? 60 F and 65 F (16c and 18c) Why is low temp needed in decontamination? 1.) so that the CS workers wearing fluid-resistant attire won't get hot 2.) prevents growth of microorganisms
Waste containing infectious agents that present a risk or potential risk to human health, either directly through infections or indirectly through the environment. biohazardous waste What makes up PPE (personal protective equipment)? 1.) Hair covering 2.) eye protection (googles, eyeglasses w/ shield, chin length face shield 3.) a gown with cuffs and front (gown that prevents fluid) 4.) strong gloves that covers cuffs and resists cuts & tears 5.) shoe covering 6.) cloth scrubs provided by facility How many sinks should decontamination have for cleaning? 3 What happens if you only have 2 sinks in decontamination? cleaning process must be modified to accomplish the cleaning process as if there were 3 sinks Workflow for sinks in decontamination should always be? Dirty to clean Water that has had all minerals removed through an ion exchange process. Deionized water
Water that is heated to steam, then allowed to cool and condense. Distillation removes impurities, like gases and organic material; it also removes some bacteria. Distilled water A water purification process by which a solvent, such as water, is removed of impurities after being forced through a semipermeable membrane. Reverse osmosis (RO) A substance, typically produced by a bacterium, that produces fever when introduced/ released into the blood. Pyrogen The sink water temperature in decontamination should be? 80f to 110f (27c to 44c) What should be noted while using enzyme cleaners and if soil is impacting effectiveness in decontamination? (IFU) detergents manufacturers instructions for use All cleaning chemicals in decontamination should be? Mixed (per manufactures instruction) why are there markers on the sinks in decontamination? To help ensure that solutions are diluted Why should the water we use to rinse in decontamination be purified? Because water contains minerals, bacteria, parasites that can cause harm to instruments
Can also have metal, plastic and sponge What brush should never be used? Abrasive brushes- because they can scratch the surface Sponges should always be _____ after use? Discarded What is instrument air? (Has to be oil free, and contaminant free) Compressed air with no dust no dirt used to dry medial equipment (instruments) What are types of mechanical cleaning in decontamination? Ultrasonics, irrigating sonics, washer-disinfectors, cart washers, pasteurizers, and automated endoscope reprocessors What does AER stand for? Automatic Endoscope Reprocessor (AER) What are ultrasonic cleaners used for? Fine cleaning not disinfecting or sterilization What temperature should ultrasonic cleaner be? 80F to 109F never 140f because it will coagulate proteins making more difficult to clean When should water be changed? When it is visibly soiled
What is the ultrasonic cleaner? It helps get rid of small hard to reach stuff in lumens by using gas bubbles It is important to do what to the instruments after used by the ultrasonic? Rinse them off What are irrigation sonics used for? Laparoscopic or robotic instruments Washers-disinfectors are not made to wash _____ unless stated otherwise in IFU? Batteries and pneumatic devices The spray-force action of pressurized water against instruments being processed to physically remove bioburden. Impingement What are the cycles of the washer? Gentle, orthopedic instrument, and glass as well as regular instrument cycle What are the steps the washer uses? 1. Cool pre-rinse (cold water or enzymatic solution)
- detergent cycle- detergent and hot water
- Rinsing- (water-lubricant )
What washer cycle is generally the longest cycle? Instruments cycle What washing cycle should be utilized for maximum cleaning? Instrument cycle Most cart washers don't use multiple phase cycles but instead use? high temperatures to reduce bacteria What are some cart-washers programmed to wash? Rigid containers, and instruments Can all carts be washed? No, make sure the carts you are washing are approved to be cleaned by the cart washer How often should you test equipment? Everyday ANSI/AAMI deals with? Quality Assurance program of equipment testing If the mechanical cleaner has a printout the printout should be? Reviewed and initialed after every cycle What can be obtained to verify the effectiveness of the mechanical equipment? Commercially prepared products What are the different type of chemical products used to clean? Enzymatic, detergents and pre-soaks
What are the different types of enzymatic solutions used? 1.) protease-(soils) 2.) lipase-(fats) 3.) amylase-(starch) Enzyme solutions keep instruments? Moist Temperature should not exceed ____ when dealing with enzymatic solutions 140f unless stated by manufacturer What are the different types of detergents? Emulsifiers- used to bind substances that don't usually bing together (oil, and water) Surfactant- lowers surface tension Chelating agents- ionic charge stop soaps and detergents with reacting to minerals Detergents do not kill microorganisms unless they contain? germicide What are the most common detergents used? Neutral detergents Detergents have a ph value of? 6 to 8 Advantages of neutral PH detergents Safe to use on aluminum
3.) descalers (acidic detergent)- used when equipment isn't running correctly *removes chalky white" 4.) lubricants- (instrument milk)- used in decontamination and clean assembly side 5.) stain/ rust removers- (acid based) ph (0-6.9) removes hard water deposits, rust, and discoloration When using any cleaning chemical the temperature will deactivate at what temperature? 180f To prevent instrument damage what chemicals should never be used? (Unless recommended by manufacturer) Abrasive cleaning compounds Saline Buffered iodine betadine Hydrogen peroxide Any chemical not specifically recommended by manufacture Cs technicians should always follow? IFU
If someone hand delivers soiled items to decontamination where should the items be placed? Cart or Counter While unloading a cart in decontamination what should be done? 1.) fluids should be disposed or in leak-proof container 2.) disposable and reusable items should be removed at point- of- use of not they should be bagged and sent to decontamination 3.) reusable sharps scissors, chisels, should be separated and scalpel blades should be discarded at point- of- use (if haven't been removed put in sharps container) 4.) carefully remove all tray linens, indicators, filters 5.) rigid containers should be inspected and cleaned, dispose of filters 6.) interior baskets should be removed from containers 7.) ensure the cart is completely empty Manual cleaning may be preformed when? For all instruments that require manual cleaning as part of their IFU
