HWST107: Study Guide - Final Exam 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS 2024/2025, Exams of Social structure and social organization

Download HWST107: Study Guide - Final Exam 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS 2024/2025 and more Exams Social structure and social organization in PDF only on Docsity!

HWST107: Study Guide -

Final Exam 100%

ACCURATE ANSWERS

2024/

1a. What does the reading "Hula as Resistance" try to say in regards to Hawaiian culture in modern society and the visitor industry? a. In modern society, hula played a very important role to keep the history, genealogy, mythology, and culture alive b. In the visitor industry, hula was performed for tourists as entertainment 1b. Why does the author continue to learn and practice hula? Learning hula from this time on by many people is an act of resistance against western colonization by reconnecting people with traditional Hawaiian values, stories, languages, etc. 2a. Try to explain the thoughts of traditional arts and creativity in relation to a culture/society. Traditional art was used to pass down stories, history, and religion. 2b. How are these cultural arts affected by Western influences and economy? Traditional native art is used for functionality and now used in Western influence as decorative art such as tattoos and fish hooks. Hula is a tourist attraction for commercial use same goes for music. 3a. What is the status of "moko" in Aotearoa and what does this art form symbolize?

The Moko is held in high regard. It symbolizes their history, genealogy and their struggles 3b. What factors are important to those that choose to wear this form of art? A person should know their genealogy, have to have approval from an elder, and have a commitment 3c. What are the issues arising from the use of "traditional" art in contemporary society? a. Gang members have tattoos to shows where they come from, it also relates to gang activity b. Some people see traditional tattoos for aesthetic, which doesn't give it a proper meaning or respect 4a. In the video "Kapa Haka," how does the dance perpetuate the Maori culture and what purpose does this competition play in the resurgence of the Maori culture? It serves as a way to preserve the culture while also teaching others 4b. How does this compare with our current hula competitions? They both have meaning of reviving a dying culture 4c. What is the purpose of the Haka both in traditional times and also in contemporary times as depicted in the video? a. Traditional times - It was meant to intimidate others, preventing war & therefore save lives b. Contemporary times - to tell a story, welcoming distinguished guests, acknowledge achievements, and occasions or funerals

5. What is the contrast or similarity of the Kapa Haka competition with the Merrie Monarch Hula competition?

a. Similarity - they both celebrate their culture b. Differences - Kapa Haka is once every 2 yrs; singing while dancing; 20-27 minute performance. Merrie Monarch happens every year in the month of April; separated into 2 groups, Hula Kahiko (traditional) and Hula Auana (modern) 6a. What is the role of "native" or "traditional" arts in contemporary society? To attract tourists and to help bring attention to the culture 6b. Discuss the positive points of contemporary usage of these arts. It brings attention to the culture, expression, native voice/perspective & can help to educate others 6c. Discuss the negative points of contemporary usage of these arts. People just see the art as entertainment & don't bother to understand the meaning behind it at all or its original purpose

7. What are some current issues that we are facing in regards to culture, 'aina, economics, and social attitudes? a. Wind turbines in Kahuku b. Mauna Kea - building TMT on sacred land c. Salt Pond - salt beds 8. What is the purpose of the Haka, both in traditional times and also today? a. Traditional times - used to intimidate and to challenge b. Today - used to tell a story, sending a message, performing arts and recreational use 9. What are the official languages of New Zealand? Maori, English, and New Zealand sign language 10. What are the Maori names for the two main islands of New Zealand?

a. North island - Te ika-a-Maui b. South island - Te Waipounamu

11. What does the "moko" and "Haka" represent both in the past and in contemporary times? They both have a connection with their ancestors 12a. Why are there "two" Samoa's? American Samoa is a territory while Samoa earned their independence from New Zealand in 1962 12b. What is the history of this? Since the arrival of the original Samoans to the islands, there have been various political organizations, with a number of centers of power emerging 13. Why is Samoa considered the "cradle of Polynesia"? Samoa is considered the origin of Polynesia. Samoa's main island Savai'i is thought to be Polynesians homeland Hawaiki 14. Why is the Samoan language considered the oldest Polynesian language? It's closely associated to other Polynesian languages with many sharing the same cognate words. Ex. Tapu, 'ava, as well as numerals 15. What is the main religion in modern Samoa? In the 1830s, British missionaries Christianize Samoa leading to their modern religion of Christianity 16. What does the "moai" represent on Rapa Nui? It represents their ancestors or past rulers. After dying they had the ability to expand their mana over the tribe to protect it

17. Rapa Nui is a colony of what country? Chile 18. What languages are spoken on Rapa Nui? Spanish and Rapa Nui 19. Who was the first chief and Polynesian discover of Rapa Nui? His name was Hotu Matu'a 20. Who is the last remaining monarch in Polynesia there in Tonga? Tupou VI 21. What is the background of the "Ha'amonga'a" stone structure in Tonga? It's a large stone structure and also known as the burden of Maui. It served an astrological purpose and legend says that Maui brought it to Tonga. 22. The ancient religion of Tonga was called? Lotu (named after the lotus flower) 23. What are the religions in Fiji? Christian, Hinduism, and Islam 24. What are the languages spoken in Fiji? Fijian, English, and Fiji Hindi 25. What nation colonized Fiji? Britain 26. What is the main drink in Fiji and used part of the tourist industry?

Kava