IRRSP Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Updated & Verified, Exams of Advanced Education

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IRRSP Questions with 100% Correct

Answers | Updated & Verified

An atom, group of atoms, molecules or particles that have acquired or are regarded as having a net electric charge. - Correct Answer-Ion Atoms having the same number or protons but a different number on neutrons in the nuclei. Atoms with the same atomic number (the same chemical element) but different atomic weights. - Correct Answer-Isotope Any source that disrupts the electrical balance of an atom and results in the production of ions. - Correct Answer-Ionization The radation dose or amount of radation that has been absorbed by a substance. Measured in rads (greys). - Correct Answer-Absorbed dose The process whereby the particles or photons in a beam of radation are reduced in number or energy as they pass through a medium. - Correct Answer- Absorption The activity of a radioisotope is the number of disintegrations that occur for a given quantity of the radioisotope during a given length of time. Activity is measured in curies (becquerel) - Correct Answer-Activity The acronym for (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) which means making every effort to maintain and control exposures as far below the dose limits as in practical. This consept comes out of the Code of Federal Regulation 10 CFR Part

20. • Correct Answer-ALARA A small electronic device, required to be worn by a radiographer, with an audible alarm set to trigger at 500 mR/h (5000 uSv/h). - Correct Answer-Alarming rate meter A positive electrically chargerd particle of radation consisting of 2 protrons and 2 newtrons (same as helium nucleus). It is emitted from the nucleus of many radioactive materials during radioactive decay. ( + charge) - Correct Answer- Alpha particle An electrically charged particle of radation emitted from the nucleus of many radioactive materials during radioactive decay. A beta particle is a fast-moving electron, sometimes moving close to the speed of light. ( - charge) - Correct Answer-Beta particles

High energy, short wavelenghth electromagnetic radation emitted during radioactive decay. - Correct Answer-Gamma rays The reduction in the intensity of radation as it passes through a material. - Correct Answer-Attenuation A unit if matter consisting of a nucleus (made up of neutrons and protons) and electrons that surround the nucleus. The smallest part of an atom that retains the properties of the element. - Correct Answer-Atom The mass/weight of an atom, usually expressed in atomic mass units (AMU). - Correct Answer-Atomic mass This unit is based on 1/16 of the weight of an oxygen-16 atom. One neutron or one proton weighs approximately 1 AMU. - Correct Answer-Atomic mass units The total number of protons in an atom. The atomic number determines the element and its chemical properties. It is also known as the Z number. - Correct Answer-Atomic number The total mass of an atom. It is approximately equal to the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom and measured in atomic mass (AMU). - Correct Answer-Atomic weight The SI unit of radiation activity that is equal to one disintegration per second. 3.7*10^10 Bq = 1 Ci. - Correct Answer-Becquerel (Bq) The electromagnetic radiation produced by an electrically charged particle, such as an electron, subjected to a change in velocity. It is the German word meaning braking radiation. - Correct Answer-Bremsstrahlung A process by which electromagnetic radiation is absorbed completely when it interacts with matter. - Correct Answer-Photoelectric effect A process in which a photon transfers a portion of it energy to an atom dislodging and accelerating an orbital electron and a lower energy photon is scattered at an angle to the original photon path. - Correct Answer-Compton scatter A process by which electromagnetic radiation of 1.02 mRv or greater transforms its energy into an electron-positron pair during its interaction with an atom. - Correct Answer-Paired production A chemical combination of elements. - Correct Answer-Compound

An area, outside of a restricted area but inside the site boundary, access to which can be limited by the licensee for any reason. - Correct Answer-Controlled area The basic unit used to describe the intensity of radioactive (disintegration rate) of a radioisotope. One curie represents a disintegration rate of 3.7*10^10 events per second. - Correct Answer-Curie (Ci) The transformation of radioactive atoms into a stable state resulting in energy (radiation) and particle emission. - Correct Answer-Disintegration The acronym rad means: - Correct Answer-radiation absorbed dose 1 R is equal to: - Correct Answer-1000 milliroentgen (1000mR) The acronym rem stands for: - Correct Answer-Roentgen Equivalent Man Any by-product material that is incased in a capsule designed to prevent leakage or escape of the by-product material is a: - Correct Answer-Sealed source A survey meter must be capable of measuring a range of: - Correct Answer-2 to 1000 mR/h (0.02 to 10 mSv/h) In the early years of radiography what caused personnel to be over exposed? - Correct Answer-Pour equipment design, lack of understanding, a lack of and poor safety practices. In what year did Marie Curie discover radium? - Correct Answer-Late 1898 Who coined to the term radioactivity? - Correct Answer-Marie and Pierre Curie In the early years of radiography from 1920-1930 the maximum thickness that could be inspected via X-radiation was_______of steel? - Correct Answer-3in. (7.62cm) Historically it has been proven that the predominant cause of over exposure is: - Correct Answer-Improper service, the source being left in an uncontrolled state, the source not being locked once reacted to the shield position. The responsibility to add here to regulations, license conditions and company policies falls to: - Correct Answer-The radiography for, the assistant radiography for, the radiation safety officer. Alpha particles were discovered by who? - Correct Answer-Earnest Rutherford

The 1st medical X-ray was conducted at: - Correct Answer-Massachusetts General Are regulations from one state to the next essentially the same for radioactive materials? - Correct Answer-Yes (true) A radiographer for has several avenues to seek guidance and counsel. The 1st person he or she can't turn to is? - Correct Answer-A senior technician Origins of industrial radiography can be attributed to who? - Correct Answer- Wilhelm Rontgen Over exposures to personnel can result in: - Correct Answer-Cancer, genetic defects carried into further generations and death. Can radiation exposures be equally serious and can result in death? - Correct Answer-Yes (True) Ionizing radiation passes through the entire Body; as such, damage can occur to the: - Correct Answer-Skin, internal organs, and muscles. Prompt effects of radiation exposure to acute doses include: - Correct Answer- Blood changes, nausea, and fatigue. Industrial radiography, being one of the most dangerous jobs in the world, has killed how many people? - Correct Answer-Only one radiographer is known to have died in the world. The maximum occupational dose for an adult radiographer is what? - Correct Answer-5 rem per year The maximum occupational dose for a minor is what? - Correct Answer-10% that of an adult radiography, 5 mSv or 0.5 rem The alpha particle is: - Correct Answer-More damaging than the gamma ray. The alpha particle has a quality factor of what? - Correct Answer- Can radiation be detected by the human senses. - Correct Answer-No (false) What devices detects, measures, or in some way records ionizing radiation. - Correct Answer-Thermoluminescent dosimeter, film badge, pocket ion chamber (dosimeter), survey meter and a rate alarm. Which survey meters is considered most appropriate for industrial radiography? - Correct Answer-Geiger-muller tube

The survey meter must be capable of measuring a range of what - Correct Answer-2 mR/h through 1 R/h After a source has been returned to the shielded position a survey meter should show what? - Correct Answer-0 at 25 ft (7.62m) away A survey meter must be calibrated on each scale (1x, 10x, 100x, ext7.) at 2 points: 1/3 and 2/3 scale. The accuracy of each reading must be within what? - Correct Answer-20% What does a dosimeter measure? - Correct Answer-Dose received since the last time it was charged. A rate alarm meter or alarming rate meter must sound a continuous audible alarm greater than 80 dB at 1 ft (.3m) at: - Correct Answer-500mR/h ( uSv/h) Dosimeters and rate alarms must be calibrated every: - Correct Answer- months Film badges and thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLD's) Are considered dosimeters in the same manner as the pocket ion chamber. The main difference between a film badge or TLD and ion chamber is the: - Correct Answer-Ion chamber is direct reading instrument and the TLD/film badges must be processed by a National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP) lab. How often must sources be leak tested. - Correct Answer-Every 6 months Exposure devices using depleted uranium (DU) must be leak tested every: - Correct Answer-12 months A leak test would be considered failed should the sample tested return a value greater than: - Correct Answer-0.005 uCi (185 Bq) Should a source or exposure device return a wipe resulting in more than 0. uCi (185 Bq) the licensee must do what? - Correct Answer-Immediately remove it from service and have it decontaminated or disposed of. Gamma alarms (audible and visible), also known as area alarms, must be tested every: - Correct Answer-day prior to use. There are basically 3 methods of protection from ionizing radiation. What are they? - Correct Answer-Shielding, time, distance (STD)

How do we determine the total dose received? - Correct Answer-Multiply the rate of dose by the total time exposed, multiply the exposure time by the exposure rate, multiply the survey meter's reading by the total exposure time. At a dose rate of 60 mR/h (600 uSv/h), 1 h of exposure would be? - Correct Answer-60 mR (600 uSv) The specific gamma ray constant for Co-60 can be expressed as: - Correct Answer-14 R/h/Ci at 1 ft. (104 mSv/h/Ci at 1 ft.) The specific gamma ray constant for IR - 192 can be expressed as: - Correct Answer-5.2 R/h/Ci at 1 ft. (52 mSv/h/Ci at 1 ft.) A specific gamma ray constant can be stated as: - Correct Answer-Dose rate per Curie at a specific distance. The universe square law is written as: - Correct Answer-The intensity is universally proportional to the distance squared. Mathematically, the universe square law is written as: - Correct Answer-I to the power of one/ I to the power of 2 =D 2 the power of 2 over 2/D2 over 1 The inverse square law can be broken down to solve for intensity as: - Correct Answer-D2=√(I2xD2 over 1)/I Shielding can be expressed by the amount of shielding provided, so that the amount of shielding that would reduce the original exposure rate to 1/2 would be started as: - Correct Answer-1 half-value layer The best material to use as shielding would be: - Correct Answer-Lead When using lead to shield and I are - 192 source, you would need what to reduce the original exposure to 1/2? - Correct Answer-0.2 in. (5.08 mm) How many types of installations are used in radiography? - Correct Answer- The most common type of installation used in field radiography is? - Correct Answer-Open How many survey meters are required when conducting radiographic operations? - Correct Answer-A sufficient number of calibrated and operable survey meters. Radiation survey equipment shall be calibrated ______and have an over all accuracy of_______. - Correct Answer-Semi annually; +-20%

Which personal monitoring devices are required prior to performing radiography, excluding permanent installations? - Correct Answer-Direct reading dosimeter, operating rate alarm, personal dosimeter Caution science used, unless otherwise authorized by the commission, shall be of a trefoil design using the colors: - Correct Answer-Magenta on a yellow background, purple on a yellow background, or black on a yellow background. What are the 3 classifications of exposure devices? - Correct Answer-P-portable; M-mobile; F-fixed Expose your devices are classified by categories I and II for the ANSI standard N432. What are these categories? - Correct Answer-Category I: Exposes the source through a shutter mechanism or rotation device in which the source leaves the device; Category II: Source is exposed outside that shielded container by mechanical means Boundary and posting requirements are as follows: - Correct Answer-Caution radiation area 5 mR/h (50 mSv/h); caution/danger high radiation area 100 mR/h (1 mSv/h); grave danger, very high radiation area 500 R/h (5 Sv/h) Film badges must be replaced at intervals not to exceed: - Correct Answer-One month In the event of an off scale pocket chamber, and individuals film badge/TLD must be submitted for processing within : - Correct Answer-24h Does symmetry reports received from the accredited NVLAP personnel dosimeter processor must be maintained by the licensee: - Correct Answer-until the commission terminates. X - radiation is produced when a supply of: - Correct Answer-High-speed electrons are introduced from the cathode and strike at the anode within a vacuum-sealed envelope. Most of the energy used in producing X-rays converts to: - Correct Answer-Heat In most cases, the standard anode material is: - Correct Answer-Tungsten Raising that kilovolts on the control panel affects the: - Correct Answer- Penetrating capabilities of the x-rays produced. The structure known as the cathode serves as the ________source. - Correct Answer-Electron

The high-vacuum envelope is used to reduce - Correct Answer-The problem of electrons colliding with, and being absorbed by, molecules of air. Van De Graaff generators obtain their electrons through: - Correct Answer-The electrostatic principle. The expected penetrating power in steel of 50 kV to 150 kV is: - Correct Answer- 1/8 inch to 3/4 inch (3.175 mm to 19. 05 mm) In most X-ray tubes___________is used as an exit port for the X-radiation energy. - Correct Answer-Beryllium Increasing_____________ across the filament expends more free electrons, thereby increasing the number of free electrons able to cross and strike the anode target creating more x-radiation. - Correct Answer]