ISSA CORRECTIVE EXERCISE FINAL EXAM LATEST UPDATE 2024 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS, Exams of Sport Studies

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ISSA CORRECTIVE EXERCISE FINAL EXAM

LATEST UPDATE 2024 100 QUESTIONS AND

CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+;;VERIFIED BY

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Tendons and ligaments are similar because they both have: - ANSWER A limited blood supply and low metabolism What is the name of the outer layer of connective tissue on skeletal muscle? - ANSWER Epimysium The functional units of skeletal muscle that allow it shorten are: - ANSWER Sarcomeres In terms of muscle actions at the knee joint, the quadriceps and hamstrings are: - ANSWER antagonists Skeletal muscle shortens when: - ANSWER actin and myosin bind and slide past each other A muscular force-couple occurs when: - ANSWER two or more muscles concurrently produce force in different directions to produce one movement When lifting the arm overhead, impingement of the subacromial space is avoided when: - ANSWER a muscular force-couple occurs between the deltoid and supraspinatus During a squat, your client's knees buckle inward as she ascends. This problem is most likely due to: - ANSWER weakness of the hip abductors and external rotator After a workout, your client mentions that he feels a deep, nervy pain in his shoulder that radiates down to his hand. You first course of action should be to: - ANSWER tell him to get cleared from a physician or physical therapist before your next workout

Your new client mentions that he has left shoulder pain when pressing a 50-pound dumbbell overhead. During your initial movement assessment, what is the most acceptable first step? - ANSWER Instruct him to mimic the left shoulder movement without any weight in hand When a client with right shoulder pain has been cleared to exercise, which of the following steps comes earliest in the corrective exercise process? - ANSWER Assess whether or not the client can perform diaphragmatic breathing Your client, Steve, who you haven't trained in 6 weeks calls to schedule a session with you. During the call he mentions that he's been losing weight without a change to his diet, he's been having night sweats, and recently had a fever. You should: - ANSWER tell him to get cleared from his physician before scheduling a workout with you The purpose(s) of diaphragmatic breathing is to help your client: - ANSWER achieve a state of low stress and improve ribcage alignment What is one primary difference between an upper motor neuron and a lower motor neuron? - ANSWER All upper motor neurons are closer to the brain Your new client, John, has 3/10 right shoulder pain at rest. Last week he was cleared to exercise by his physician. After you take him through the first set of a shoulder corrective exercise, he tells you the right shoulder pain has increased to 6/10. What is the next recommended step? - ANSWER Move on to the next corrective exercise and see if it helps since he's been recently cleared to exercise Your client, Sarah, was cleared to exercise 6 weeks ago. She shows up to a workout with you today and you notice that she's limping. She mentions that she twisted her knee playing soccer over the weekend but was hoping your corrective exercises could help her. You should: - ANSWER explain that she needs to get cleared by a physical therapist before doing any exercises with you Which of the following is not a function of the skeletal system? - ANSWER Provide interconnectedness throughout the body Your client, Ryan, starting jogging recently and he informs you that his right IT band has been feeling stiff. He also mentions that his right knee tends to buckle inward when climbing stairs. Which corrective

exercise is likely to decrease his IT band stiffness and reduce inward buckling of the right knee? - ANSWER Lateral step with a mini band The two primary roles of fascia are to: - ANSWER Provide interconnectedness throughout the body, and enhance proprioception Which fascial line travels from the bottom of the feet, up through the hamstrings, spine and posterior skull, and attaches at the forehead? - ANSWER Superficial back line A concentric muscle action occurs when: - ANSWER the pulling force of a muscle is greater than the resistance force For what primary reason is the gluteus maximus the strongest muscle in the human body? - ANSWER It is the largest muscle Considering the 180° of shoulder abduction required to reach overhead, how many degrees comes from the scapulothoracic region? - ANSWER 60° The human body loses its balance when what happens? - ANSWER The center of mass falls outside of its base of support When a client has poor motor control it increases his/her risk of joint pain and injury because of what two reasons? - ANSWER Poor motor control puts more stress on the muscles and joints Which system contains structures and neurons that connect receptors within the skin, muscles, and joints to the cerebellum? - ANSWER Somatosensory system After months of practicing a movement, an athlete is able to "automatically" produce that movement very quickly. This is due to the development of: - ANSWER Open-loop motor control The process that underlies all motor learning is known as - ANSWER Neuroplasticity

Which brain structure is primarily responsible for correcting movement while it's occurring? - ANSWER Cerebellum What is the primary difference between closed-loop and open-loop motor control? - ANSWER Closed- loop motor control uses sensory feedback to learn a movement Skeletal muscle is directly controlled and innervated by which component of the nervous system? - ANSWER Lower motor neurons Which neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction? - ANSWER Acetylcholine During an initial meeting with a potential client it's important to ask if he's been experiencing any red flag symptoms. Which of the following is not a red flag? - ANSWER Night sweats During an initial interview with a potential client, he mentions that he has been experiencing pain that feels like it's inside his knee joint. What should you do? - ANSWER This is a red flag symptom, so refer to a health care professional You're training a client to learn a new exercise that is unfamiliar to her, and she's struggling to perform the exercise correctly. In order to promote motor learning, how should the sets be performed? - ANSWER Using a slow movement speed with a light load When training a client with a corrective exercise, how many reps should the client perform? - ANSWER Any number of reps that allow for a high quality movement pattern What are the three components that you'll use to create a Just Right Challenge for your clients? - ANSWER Motivation, feedback, capacity A client has 6/10 knee pain at the beginning of a workout. At the end of the first set of the lateral step with a mini-band his knee pain decreased to 4/10. At the end of the second set it decreased to 2/10. After the third set, his knee pain increased back to 4/10. What should you do next? - ANSWER Perform a fourth set and see if it helps

What is the purpose of performing the Y raise with the client's chest/trunk resting on a Swiss ball? - ANSWER Restrict spinal extension What is the purpose of having your client squeeze a ball between his elbows during an exercise such as the lateral step or monster walk? - ANSWER Promote trunk stability What is the purpose of pulling up on one end of the towel during the cervical rotation with towel corrective? - ANSWER Promote downglide of the cervical facet joints on that side A stiff/shortened pectoralis minor causes which compensation of the scapula? - ANSWER Anterior tilt Regarding the ball wall push with hip hinge corrective, what is the purpose of using a progressively smaller ball over time? - ANSWER To create a more unstable contact point What muscles are primarily targeted when your client performs the posterior shoulder ball roll? - ANSWER Infraspinatus and teres minor/major Excessive anterior pelvic tilt is typically associated with weakness/inhibition of which two muscle groups? - ANSWER Glutes and abdominals Why is static stretching of the hamstrings not recommended for a person with anterior pelvic tilt? - ANSWER It could create more pelvic instability because the hamstrings are "locked long" For a client with excessive posterior pelvic tilt, what is the purpose of the cat-camel exercise? - ANSWER Reduce spinal friction and promote anterior pelvic tilt Why is it important to learn how to identify compensations seen during the modified Thomas Test? - ANSWER Because most people have short/stiff anterior hip muscles Your client is performing the foam roll mobility drill for her right quadriceps. How should you instruct her during the drill? - ANSWER Your right quadriceps should stay partially contracted."

Your client demonstrates right knee valgus while performing a lunge or squat. Which of the following muscles is likely to be overactive and have sore trigger points? - ANSWER Right gluteus medius Why is it recommended to perform the hip thrust after mobilizing the hip flexors? - ANSWER To actively move the hip joint into the new, greater range of extension Which of the following is not a recommended strategy to reduce the likelihood of a hamstring cramp during the single-leg hip thrust? - ANSWER Move the foot of the working leg further from the trunk What is the biggest risk factor for your client to experience a future right hamstring injury? - ANSWER Previous right hamstring injury Which of the following athletes would likely require more than 20° of ankle dorsiflexion? - ANSWER Olympic lifter Which of the following impairments is likely to cause your client to shift his trunk excessively forward during the lowering phase of a squat? - ANSWER Poor dorsiflexion Why is a pen/marker placed against the client's arch during the wall ankle mobilization drill? - ANSWER To restrict pronationsince it's a common compensation When your client has poor extension of the big toe, which of the following structures can it negatively affect while running? - ANSWER A)Lower limbs B)Pelvis C)Both A and B (Correct Answer) D)None of the above The foot inversion assessment measures mobility of which muscle group? - ANSWER Peroneals Which of the following is a benefit to performing the chin tuck exercise - ANSWER Increased mobility of the suboccipital muscles

Which of the following is an example of "proximal stability creates distal mobility?" - ANSWER Increased hamstring mobility after performing a plank Your client has low back pain while holding a plank for 10 seconds, but can hold it for 5 seconds without pain. What should you do for the next set? - ANSWER Perform another set of the plank for 5 seconds Which of the following is activated when your client can bear down correctly? - ANSWER Pelvic floor musculature For the reverse goblet lunge with band, what is the purpose of the band attempting to pull the knee of the working leg into valgus? - ANSWER To activate the hip muscles that resist knee valgus Your new client is unable to deadlift without low back pain. Which of the following steps should you perform first? - ANSWER Place a mini-band above his knees and retest the deadlift While coaching your client to perform the hip hinge posture correctly, what is the purpose of the "anti- shrug" portion of the drill that lowers the shoulders? - ANSWER Activate the lats Your client's right knee falls into valgus while she performs the hip hinge with mini-band. Which of the following cues would provide her with an external focus to correct the error? - ANSWER "Increase the stretch of the right side of the band" Which of the following best describes how your client should step during a monster walk? - ANSWER Short steps, land with a flat foot While performing a barefoot reverse lunge with the client's right leg in front, your client's right foot overly pronates. Which of the following is a corrective strategy that provides an external focus? - ANSWER Place a pen/marker against the arch of the client's right foot When your client performs the wall elbow walk with band, where should he feel it working? - ANSWER Posterior shoulder

You've noticed that your client's right scapula wings while he performs the lowering phase of a push-up. Which of the following correctives would most likely benefit him? - ANSWER Upper trapezius stretch The downward dog corrective has been helping your client improve his dumbbell shoulder press technique. Over the weekend he strained his right wrist and it still bothers him. Which of the following steps should you take? - ANSWER Perform the downward dog with his elbows resting on the floor Research demonstrates a link between weak hip abductors and which of the following? - ANSWER Iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS) When your client performs the sphinx with reach exercise, why is it important to avoid a shoulder shrug in the support arm? - ANSWER To maximize serratus anterior activation When your client performs the scapular activation drill with the arm held at an upward angle, which of the following positions is most appropriate? - ANSWER A shoulder position just short of pain Why is it important to avoid telling your client that you're performing a postural assessment? - ANSWER He/she will inevitably stand with better posture than normal During a sagittal plane view postural assessment you notice that your client stands with his knees slightly flexed. Which of the following does that indicate? - ANSWER He is a quad dominant person During a frontal plane view postural assessment you notice that your client's left shoulder appears to be elevated/shrugged at rest. Which of the following is the most appropriate corrective? - ANSWER Stretch for the left upper trapezius A client that demonstrates upper crossed syndrome typically has weakness in which of the following muscle groups? - ANSWER Deep neck flexors Which of the following negative effects can occur if your client performs a stretch or lacrosse ball mobilization drill while being stressed and in a heightened state of pain? - ANSWER It can engage the sympathetic nervous system and impair tissue relaxation

Stiff suboccipital muscles can impair which of the following cervical movements? - ANSWER A) Cervical extension B) Cervical rotation C) Cervical flexion D) Both B and C (correct answer) The overhead reach is recommended as one way to assess your client's shoulder function for which of the following reasons? - ANSWER It's one of the most challenging movements for the shoulder complex If the chin tuck with lacrosse ball loosened the suboccipital muscles, which of the following cervical movements should have a greater range of motion? - ANSWER Cervical rotation Research demonstrates that activating the deep neck flexors can produce which of the following benefits? - ANSWER A) Less pain in the shoulders B) Less pain in the neck C)Less pain in the low back D) Both A and B (correct answer) Which of the following is a hypothesized benefit of foam roller exercises? - ANSWER Increased protective tension in fascial tissues What is the purpose of performing the t-spine rotation drill from the quadruped position with one supporting arm on the ground? - ANSWER To promote activation of the serratus anterior in the supporting arm Your client was able to improve his exercise technique through the cues you gave him, without any change in load. This indicates an improvement in which of the following? - ANSWER Mobility Which muscles are typically overactive in the lower crossed syndrome that was described by Prof. Janda?

• ANSWER Hip flexors/thoracolumbar extensors

Which of the following is a position your client should avoid while performing the cat-camel exercise? - ANSWER An extreme end-range of motion stretch During the modified Thomas Test assessment for your client's right hip, she demonstrates hip abduction in the resting position. Which of the following does this indicate? - ANSWER Shortening/stiffness of the right tensor fascia latae Which muscle group is the hip thrust exercise intended to strengthen? - ANSWER Glutes Research demonstrates a relationship between knee pain and which of the following? - ANSWER Weak hip abductors Knee valgus is commonly associated with which of the following compensations? - ANSWER Excessive pronation of the feet Your client, William, sits for many hours each day at his computer. Which of the following compensations are you likely to observe? - ANSWER A) Posterior pelvic tilt B) Shortened hip flexors C) Both A and B (correct answer) D) None of the above Your client is a professional basketball player with a 40" vertical jump and he experiences no low back or knee pain. You assess his hamstring mobility at the popliteal angle and determine that it's less than normal. What should you do? - ANSWER Leave his hamstrings alone During a sagittal plane postural assessment you observe anteriorly rotated shoulders. Which of the following correctives is most likely to benefit the client? - ANSWER Stretches for the pectorals When your client lacks dorsiflexion, which of the following compensations is common to observe during a squat? - ANSWER Excessive anterior trunk shift Maximal contraction of the hip extensors results in relaxation of the hip flexors. This is an example of what neural arrangement? - ANSWER Reciprocal innervation

Activating the hip abductors has been shown to increase mobility of which of the following muscle groups? - ANSWER Abdominals Iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS) is caused by which of the following? - ANSWER An overuse injury of the IT band What is the optimal depth you should train your client to squat from without pain? - ANSWER he depth required for the client's life or sport