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ISSA Final Exam Q&A 100% Correct Answers (200 Questions) Latest Update 2023 For a skinfold body composition assessment, what sites are used for the three-site body density method for females? - Correct Answer ✅Triceps, suprailiac, thigh The PACER test is a fitness assessment used for what special population? - Correct Answer ✅Youth What is the term for blood circulation within the heart and lungs? - Correct Answer ✅Pulmonary circulation What does the S in SMART goals stand for? - Correct Answer ✅specific Which term describes movement toward the midline of the body? - Correct Answer ✅Adduction According to the CDC, what is the definition of sanitizing? - Correct Answer ✅Cleaning and killing germs on surfaces to bring the microbe level to an acceptable range ISSA Final Exam Q&A 100% Correct Answers (200 Questions) Latest Update 2023 According to the American Heart Association, what is considered a 'normal' blood pressure? - Correct Answer ✅110/80 mm Hg What is the definition of quickness as it relates to the element of reactive training? - Correct Answer ✅The ability to react and change body position with maximum rate of force production What is the condition of low blood pressure measuring 90/60 mm Hg or less? - Correct Answer ✅Hypotension Which principle of fitness states that a training program must be specific for an individual's goals and desired adaptations? - Correct Answer ✅Principle of specificity In the OARS model for behavior change, recapping the plan of action is part of which technique? - Correct Answer ✅Summarizing According to the CDC, what is the definition of cleaning? - Correct Answer ✅Removing dirt and impurities from a surface with a detergent and water ISSA Final Exam Q&A 100% Correct Answers (200 Questions) Latest Update 2023 What term represents the six anatomical locations of predictable movement patterns where movement dysfunctions can be detected? - Correct Answer ✅Kinetic chain checkpoints In marketing, what is the definition of a "target market?" - Correct Answer ✅The particular group(s) of consumers that a product or service targets During the overhead squat assessment, which of the following muscles may likely be overactive (tight) if the arms fall forward? - Correct Answer ✅Latissimus dorsi Which of the following is a statement from the ISSA Code of Ethics for a fitness professional? - Correct Answer ✅Use their best judgment when selecting and progressing exercises for each client. In the ATP/CP energy pathway, what molecule lends a phosphate group to ADP to regenerate ATP for future energy needs? - Correct Answer ✅Creatine phosphate (CP) ISSA Final Exam Q&A 100% Correct Answers (200 Questions) Latest Update 2023 What type of fitness training can affect the hormone erythropoietin (EPO)? - Correct Answer ✅Altitude training What is defined as the amount of force that can be created by a muscle or group of muscles? - Correct Answer ✅Strength What postural and movement deviation occurs when the knees excessively bow inward toward the midline? - Correct Answer ✅Knee valgus What type of warm-up intentionally mimics the movements that will be a part of the workout to follow it? - Correct Answer ✅Dynamic warm-up SMART goal intentions, monitoring, and feedback are all part of what process? - Correct Answer ✅Goal setting What hormone can the ergogenic aid caffeine help to stimulate? - Correct Answer ✅Epinephrine ISSA Final Exam Q&A 100% Correct Answers (200 Questions) Latest Update 2023 What training intensity is required during the working rounds in high- intensity interval training (HIIT)? - Correct Answer ✅85 percent or more of V02 max As it relates to the GAS Principle, what is the post-training period when the trained function has a higher performance capacity than prior to the training period? - Correct Answer ✅Supercompensation What is the definition of hypertrophy? - Correct Answer ✅An increase in muscular size A movement that keeps the distal end of the body segment fixed in one location describes what type of kinetic chain movement? - Correct Answer ✅Closed kinetic chain movement A ketogenic diet limits the intake of which macronutrient? - Correct Answer ✅Carbohydrates What type of motivation is driven by a reward, prize, or recognition? - Correct Answer ✅Extrinsic motivation ISSA Final Exam Q&A 100% Correct Answers (200 Questions) Latest Update 2023 What is the ideal height of the step or platform used during the step test assessment? - Correct Answer ✅24 inches Which kinetic chain checkpoint should be observed carefully because it controls the movement of the lower extremities? - Correct Answer ✅The knee In the alveoli of the lungs, air crosses into and out of the capillaries by what process? - Correct Answer ✅Diffusion What term is described as the greatest volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs after taking the deepest breath possible? - Correct Answer ✅Vital capacity Which acute training variable accounts for the total time a muscle is engaged during a set of exercise? - Correct Answer ✅Time under tension Which organ is the largest lymphatic organ in the body? - Correct Answer ✅The spleen ISSA Final Exam Q&A 100% Correct Answers (200 Questions) Latest Update 2023 What type of resistance exercises mimic the natural movements of the body, such as walking? - Correct Answer ✅Explosive exercises What does the acronym FITT in the FITT principle stand for? - Correct Answer ✅Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type Which type of muscle is the most common in the human body? - Correct Answer ✅Smooth muscle What is the average vital capacity of the lungs in humans? - Correct Answer ✅3000 to 5000 mL Which type of lipoprotein is known as the 'bad' lipoprotein? - Correct Answer ✅Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) Which of the following is a benefit of small group training? - Correct Answer ✅Reduces the cost per participant ISSA Final Exam Q&A 100% Correct Answers (200 Questions) Latest Update 2023 Which style of personal training pairs two clients together during a workout? - Correct Answer ✅Buddy training The adaptation of power generally requires how much rest between sets of exercise? - Correct Answer ✅1 to 2 minutes Which of the following is a physiological difference between children and adults? - Correct Answer ✅Children have smaller airways and more soft tissue than adults During exercise, the average human's breathing rate increases to what range and varies based on exercise intensity? - Correct Answer ✅50 to 60 breaths per minute Which type of flexibility is most beneficial when performed during a cooldown or on a rest day? - Correct Answer ✅Static stretching What type of goal is focused on the end result? - Correct Answer ✅Outcome goal ISSA Final Exam Q&A 100% Correct Answers (200 Questions) Latest Update 2023 What type of diabetes only affects pregnant women? - Correct Answer ✅Gestational diabetes Which branch of the nervous system is responsible for "fight-or-flight"? - Correct Answer ✅Sympathetic nervous system Which of the following is an example of a complex carbohydrate? - Correct Answer ✅Whole grain bread Which division of the peripheral nervous system controls voluntary movement like exercise? - Correct Answer ✅Somatic nervous system Which energy pathway produces the greatest amount of ATP? - Correct Answer ✅Oxidative energy pathway Which amino acid is the most abundant in the body? - Correct Answer ✅Glutamine ISSA Final Exam Q&A 100% Correct Answers (200 Questions) Latest Update 2023 What is the daily fiber intake recommendation for the average male? - Correct Answer ✅38 grams per day Which type of muscle fiber derives its energy primarily from aerobic energy pathways? - Correct Answer ✅Type I muscle fibers How soon after stopping a training program can muscle atrophy occur? - Correct Answer ✅2 weeks On an incident report, which of the following information should be collected? - Correct Answer ✅Site of the incident Muscle cells contain which cellular fluid that is NOT a part of other human cells? - Correct Answer ✅Sarcoplasm Which spinal deviation is characterized by the sideways curvature of the spine? - Correct Answer ✅Scoliosis ISSA Final Exam Q&A 100% Correct Answers (200 Questions) Latest Update 2023 At what average age does flexibility start to diminish for most people? - Correct Answer ✅35 years of age Flexibility, mobility, balance, and core training are all included in which category of training? - Correct Answer ✅Speed, agility, and quickness (SAQ) Which proprioceptive organ is targeted during myofascial release techniques? - Correct Answer ✅Golgi tendon organ How many sets and repetitions are performed during German volume training? - Correct Answer ✅10 sets of 10 repetitions In which anatomical plane does the internal and external rotation of the shoulder occur? - Correct Answer ✅Transverse plane What is the daily fat intake recommendation for the average adult? - Correct Answer ✅20 to 30 percent of daily calories ISSA Final Exam Q&A 100% Correct Answers (200 Questions) Latest Update 2023 What type of supplement can improve exercise performance and capacity? - Correct Answer ✅Botanical supplement During pulmonary circulation, which heart valve does blood pass through first? - Correct Answer ✅Tricuspid valve Which of the following best describes the muscular endurance component of fitness? - Correct Answer ✅The ability of a muscle or group of muscles to continuously exert force against resistance over time What is the primary muscle involved in pulmonary ventilation? - Correct Answer ✅Diaphragm What intensity (percent of 1RM) is most closely associated with the training adaptation of muscle hypertrophy? - Correct Answer ✅67 to 85 percent of 1RM What stage of change is someone in if they are sustaining a new, healthy behavior for more than six months? - Correct Answer ✅Maintenance ISSA Final Exam Q&A 100% Correct Answers (200 Questions) Latest Update 2023 Which flexibility technique may be assisted by or utilizes a stretching tool like a towel or stretching strap? - Correct Answer ✅Pre-contraction stretching What muscle fiber arrangement can be seen in the pectoralis major muscle? - Correct Answer ✅Convergent muscle What type of resistance training scheme requires the completion of two exercises back-to-back followed by a short rest? - Correct Answer ✅Supersets What is the Karvonen formula used to calculate? - Correct Answer ✅Target heart rate Which macronutrient is the primary source of energy for the body in most cases? - Correct Answer ✅Carbohydrate What type of nonverbal communication involves gestures and body movements? - Correct Answer ✅Body language ISSA Final Exam Q&A 100% Correct Answers (200 Questions) Latest Update 2023 What information does the Client Intake Form gather? - Correct Answer ✅Previous exercise experience, nutrition, and health conditions What type of reactive exercises involve the repeated maximum stretching and contracting of muscles in the shortest amount of time? - Correct Answer ✅Plyometric training When a trainer is walking the gym floor, what should they be proactively doing or looking for? - Correct Answer ✅Trip hazards and dirty or broken equipment Which of the following is a risk factor for developing hypertension? - Correct Answer ✅Having diabetes Which energy pathway is dominant when the body is at rest or during low- intensity, long-duration activity? - Correct Answer ✅Oxidative energy pathway ISSA Final Exam Q&A 100% Correct Answers (200 Questions) Latest Update 2023 Which of the following training repetitions and tempos would have the greatest time under tension (TUT)? - Correct Answer ✅3 repetitions at 10:0:10:0 What type of supplement can elevate heart rate, body temperature, and blood pressure? - Correct Answer ✅Herbal supplement Which of the following is a common observation during the squat assessment? - Correct Answer ✅Excessive forward lean What should a client with an arthritic condition avoid doing before an exercise session? - Correct Answer ✅Taking pain medications Which classification of neurons communicates tactile, auditory, and visual information? - Correct Answer ✅Sensory neurons Which digestive organ has both endocrine and exocrine functions? - Correct Answer ✅Pancreas ISSA Final Exam Q&A 100% Correct Answers (200 Questions) Latest Update 2023 According to the modified Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE) chart, what intensity equates to deep and forceful breathing that makes it difficult or uncomfortable to speak during cardiorespiratory exercise? - Correct Answer ✅RPE 10 According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, which of the following should be limited in the diet to promote optimal health? - Correct Answer ✅Added sugar Which type of blood cells make up approximately 40 percent of blood volume? - Correct Answer ✅Red blood cells What psychological theory suggests that people are motivated by the need for autonomy, competence, and relatedness? - Correct Answer ✅Self- Determination Theory (SDT) What is the process of breaking triglycerides down into fatty acids to be converted to acetyl-CoA during aerobic metabolism called? - Correct Answer ✅Beta-oxidation ISSA Final Exam Q&A 100% Correct Answers (200 Questions) Latest Update 2023 Which condition related to diabetes is described as elevated blood glucose, but not within the range for a diabetes diagnosis? - Correct Answer ✅Type 2 diabetes What type of assessments are based on repeatable, measurable data? - Correct Answer ✅Objective assessments Which of the following is considered an incomplete protein? - Correct Answer ✅Peas Which heart structure is known as the pacemaker of the heart and initiates contraction of the right atrium? - Correct Answer ✅Sinoatrial (SA) node What is considered a normal body mass index (BMI)? - Correct Answer ✅18.5 to 24.9 For the average adult, what percentage of the diet should be carbohydrates? - Correct Answer ✅45 to 65 percent of daily calories ISSA Final Exam Q&A 100% Correct Answers (200 Questions) Latest Update 2023 What are the building blocks of protein? - Correct Answer ✅Amino acids What is the prime mover at the hip during a hip hinge? - Correct Answer ✅Erector spinaev Which endocrine hormone promotes the uptake of glucose from the blood by target tissues? - Correct Answer ✅Insulin Lactic acid has been found to have many functions in the body, including which of the following? - Correct Answer ✅It can promote the metabolism of glucose and glycogen over fats for faster energy production What is the name for glucose that is stored in the body? - Correct Answer ✅Glycogen How frequently should flexibility training be incorporated in a fitness routine to enhance an individual's flexibility? - Correct Answer ✅A minimum of three days a week ISSA Final Exam Q&A 100% Correct Answers (200 Questions) Latest Update 2023 What is a split routine as it relates to resistance training? - Correct Answer ✅The division of training sessions by body part or body region Which molecule is the "energy currency" of the cell? - Correct Answer ✅Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) Which of the following is a benefit of static stretching after an exercise session? - Correct Answer ✅Reduces muscle soreness What percentage of maximum heart rate is represented in Zone 3 cardiorespiratory intensity? - Correct Answer ✅71 to 80 percent of maximum heart rate What type of resistance exercises engage multiple joints and many muscle groups throughout the range of motion? - Correct Answer ✅Compound exercises Which region of the body is the most common location for a sprain? - Correct Answer ✅Ankle ISSA Final Exam Q&A 100% Correct Answers (200 Questions) Latest Update 2023 The Stages of Change are known as what psychological model? - Correct Answer ✅The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) What is an exercise regression? - Correct Answer ✅Modifications to acute training variables that decrease the challenge of a movement pattern What is the definition of muscular power? - Correct Answer ✅The amount of force exerted by a muscle or group of muscles in a given amount of time In what plane of motion does elbow flexion occur? - Correct Answer ✅Sagittal Which of the following exercises offer the most dynamic balance challenge for a client? - Correct Answer ✅Step up to balance on a BOSU According to the size principle of motor recruitment, in what order will muscle fibers be recruited during activity? - Correct Answer ✅Smallest and slowest firing rate to largest and fastest firing rate