ISSA Personal Training Final Exam With 100% Correct Answers 2023, Exams of Nursing

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ISSA Personal Training Final Exam With

100% Correct Answers 2023

The heart and blood vessels are the components of which human organ system? - Correct AnswerThe circulatory system Blood vessels are compromised of which type of muscle tissue? - Correct AnswerSmooth muscle Which blood vessels carry blood away from heart? - Correct AnswerArteries Which heart chamber receives deoxygenated blood from the body? - Correct AnswerRight atrium During the cardiac cycle, what is the name of the contraction phase of the heartbeat? - Correct AnswerSystole During exercise, which organ system regulates fluid volume and pressure in body tissues? - Correct AnswerThe lymphatic system What is the process of external respiration? - Correct AnswerThe exchange of gases between the lungs and blood in the lungs Which endocrine hormone promotes the breakdown of protein in muscle cells? - Correct AnswerCortisol Which of the following is an effect of long-term cortisol elevation in the body? - Correct AnswerIncreases appetite Which component of the digestive system performs both mechanical digestion and chemical digestion? - Correct AnswerThe mouth What is the definition of behavior? - Correct AnswerAn action that can be observed, measured, and modified What stage of change is someone in if they are engaging in a new behavior and have been for less than 6 months? - Correct AnswerAction What stage of change is someone in if they are in denial or ignorants to the fact that a change may be necessary? - Correct AnswerPre-contemplation

What type of motivation is driven by personal enjoyment and satisfaction? - Correct AnswerIntrinsic motivation Which psychological need in the Self-Determination Theory (SDT) is described as the basic need to feel in control of one's own behavior? - Correct AnswerAutonomy Which of the following is an example of an open-ended question? - Correct Answer"How did you first notice that you were gaining weight?" What type of goal is focused on the necessary steps to achieve it? - Correct AnswerProcess goal What does the "A" in SMART goal stand for? - Correct AnswerAchievable What type of goal is open to interpretation by the client as opposed to being supported by measurable data? - Correct AnswerA subjective goal When communicating with clients, what type of communication must be constructive and effective to improve competence? - Correct AnswerFeedback Which human organ systems are responsible for human movement? - Correct AnswerThe nervous system, muscular system and skeletal system Which classification of neurons initiate muscle contraction and activate glands? - Correct AnswerMotor neurons What is the peripheral nervous system (PNS) responsible for? - Correct AnswerConveying motor commands, carrying sensory information to CNS, and regulating involuntary functions Where in the brain does most information processing occur? - Correct AnswerCerebral cortex Which type of muscle is the most common in the human body? - Correct AnswerSkeletal muscle Which type of muscle fiber derives its energy primarily from aerobic energy pathways? - Correct AnswerType I muscle fibers Which of the following is included in the appendicular skeleton? - Correct AnswerShoulder girdle Which type of bone supports the weight of the body and facilitates movement? - Correct AnswerLong bones

What does the golgi tendon organ detect and respond to in the muscle? - Correct AnswerChanges in muscle tension The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) are examples of what type of ligament? - Correct AnswerIntrinsic ligament What anatomical term is described as a position closer to the center of the body relative to a reference point? - Correct AnswerProximal Which anatomical term refers to a movement that increases the angle between two body parts? - Correct AnswerExtensions Which anatomical plane divides the body into left and right halves? - Correct Answersagittal plane Which of the following joints should have more mobility? - Correct Answershoulder A medicine ball rolling across the floor is an example of what type of friction? - Correct AnswerRolling friction Which of the following is a muscle of the shoulder? - Correct AnswerSubscapularis Which three muscles make up the erector spinae group? - Correct AnswerSpinalis, Longissimus, and Iliocostalis What is the muscle action of the rectus femoris? - Correct AnswerFlexion of hip and extension of knee What is the most superficial muscle of the posterior calf? - Correct AnswerGastrocnemius What is the largest muscle of the chest? - Correct AnswerPectoralis major Where in the cell do the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain occur? - Correct AnswerMitochondria What two values are required to calculate the respiratory quotient (RQ)? - Correct AnswerVolume of carbon dioxide exhaled, and volume of oxygen inhaled What is the respiratory quotient (RQ) for carbohydrates? - Correct Answer1. Which energy pathway is dominant for activity generally lasting 10 seconds to 2 minutes? - Correct AnswerAnaerobic glycolisis What is the primary by-product of anaerobic glycolysis? - Correct AnswerLactic acid

What is the point at which the body switches from metabolism requiring oxygen to primarily anaerobic metabolism called? - Correct AnswerAnaerobic threshold The Krebs cycle and electron transport chain are steps in which energy pathway? - Correct AnswerOxidative energy pathway How many calories (Cal) per gram are in fat? - Correct Answer9 Cal The Harris-Benedict equation incorporates the resting metabolic rate and an activity level factor to determine what metabolic information? - Correct AnswerDaily calorie expenditure (DCE) What is the general recommendation for daily calorie deficit for someone working to lose bodyfat? - Correct Answer200-500 calories What type of client assessments are based on observations and opinions? - Correct Answersubjective assessments What document should a personal trainer collect from a client to show they are ready to begin an exercise program and explain any restrictions or limitations they have? - Correct AnswerPhysicians letter of clearance What does body composition measure? - Correct AnswerFat mass and lean body mass What is the average bodyfat percentage for males? - Correct Answer17-25% What type of muscular assessment is the push-up test? - Correct AnswerMuscular endurance assessment From bottom to top, what are the six kinetic chain checkpoints? - Correct AnswerFoot and ankle, knee, hips, spine, shoulders, neck and head Which spinal deviation is characterized by the excessive curvature of the thoracic spine? - Correct AnswerKyphosis What postural and movement deviation occurs when the knees excessively bow outward away from the midline? - Correct AnswerKnee varus During the overhead squat assessment, which of the following muscle is likely underactive (weak) if the heels elevate? - Correct AnswerTibialis anterior During the squat or overhead squat assessment, which of the following muscles are likely overactive (tight) if knee valgus occurs? - Correct AnswerAdductors Which of the five components of fitness is described as the physical makeup of the body considering fat mass and lean mass? - Correct AnswerBody composition

Which of the following is a known benefit of improving muscular strength? - Correct AnswerIncreases bone density What type of warm-up is simple and aims to increase blood flow, respiration, body temperature and neural activation of major muscle groups? - Correct AnswerGeneral warm-up Which element of a fitness program trains the body to be explosive, fast, and agile? - Correct AnswerReactive training What is the definition of agility as it relates to the element of reactive training? - Correct AnswerThe ability to accelerate, decelerate, stabilize, and change direction with proper posture What type of cardiorespiratory training is performed at a fixed level of exertion? - Correct AnswerSteady-state-exercise Which of the following is a known benefit of interval training? - Correct AnswerStrengthening the left ventricle of the heart Which of the five components of fitness is described as the measure of force produced by a muscle or group of muscles? - Correct AnswerMuscular strength Which of the following is a measure commonly used to determine the intensity of cardiorespiratory exercise? - Correct AnswerRate of perceived exertion (RPE) Which of the following is an adaptation from plyometric exercise? - Correct AnswerIncreased muscle size In fitness, what do acute training variables determine? - Correct AnswerHow an exercise of training program is performed Which acute training variable is the equipment, methods, or techniques used to complete an activity? - Correct AnswerType The load used for a resistance training exercise is most closely related to which acute training variable? - Correct AnswerIntensity A training intensity of 67 percent is most closely related to which training adaptation? - Correct AnswerMuscular endurance For the training adaptation of muscle hypertrophy, what is the recommended number of repetitions per set? - Correct Answer6-12 repetitions What does the "F" in the FITT principle stand for? - Correct AnswerFrequency

Which principle of fitness states that acute training variables must be changed periodically to prevent plateaus, injuries, and boredom? - Correct AnswerPrinciple of variability What is the final state of the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)? - Correct AnswerExhaustion Resistance training is included in which category of training? - Correct AnswerStrength training What condition is the result of the accumulation of stress from both training and non- training activities resulting in short-term decreases in performance? - Correct AnswerOverreaching Which of the following is a known benefit of flexibility training? - Correct AnswerDecreased chronic pain What is dynamic stretching? - Correct AnswerMovement-based active stretching where muscles engage to bring about a stretch In a flexibility training protocol, which of the following should be executed after a training session? - Correct AnswerStatic or pre-contraction stretching What type of inhibition do myofascial techniques rely on to decrease excitability of muscle tissue? - Correct AnswerAutogenic inhibition Which type of stretching should mirror the movements that will be performed in an upcoming activity? - Correct Answerdynamic stretching What term is defined as the measurement of movement around a specific joint or body part? - Correct AnswerRange of motion Which of the following is an example of an active range of motion? - Correct AnswerA client moving their should through flexion and extension What type of stretching using bouncing and the momentum of the body or limb to force it beyond a normal range of motion? - Correct AnswerBallistic stretching What are the two most important acute training variables related to flexibility training? - Correct AnswerIntensity and time In most cases, how long should a static stretch be held? - Correct Answer10 to 30 seconds

Which of the following is a known benefit of cardiorespiratory training? - Correct AnswerImproves sleep Which acute training variables are included in the FITT principle as it relates to cardiorespiratory training? - Correct AnswerFrequency, Intensity, Time, Type What is a metabolic equivalent (MET)? - Correct AnswerThe measure of the ratio of a person's energy expenditure to their mass during physical activity According to the modified Rate of Perceived exertion (RPE) chart, what intensity equates to maximum exertion during cardiorespiratory exercise? - Correct AnswerRPE 10 During cardiorespiratory training how can speed be modified to increase training intensity? - Correct AnswerIncrease speed What vital capacity reading is considered low and a potential symptom of a respiratory problem? - Correct Answerbelow 3,000 mL Which of the following activities has a MET value between 3.0 and 6.0 - Correct AnswerBrisk walk (3.5 to 4 mph) What does (1) MET equal to? - Correct AnswerA Person's metabolic rate when at rest What other cardiorespiratory efficiency measure can be estimated by the ventilatory threshold? - Correct AnswerLactate threshold The formula 220 minus age is commonly used to estimate what cardiorespiratory information? - Correct AnswerMaximum heart rate Which strength category is defined as a combination of strength and speed? - Correct Answerpower Strength training has been found to reduce which resting biological measure? - Correct AnswerResting blood pressure Which strength curve most accurately represents a squatting exercise? - Correct AnswerAscending strength curve What type of foundational exercises promote overall strength adaptations without necessarily translating to performance or skill development? - Correct AnswerGeneral exercises During a taper, how much should training be reduced while exercise intensity remains at or above competition (maximal) levels? - Correct Answer30-70% reduction in training volume

For resistance training, how is intensity expressed? - Correct AnswerPercentage of 1RM What training goal is promoted when resistance training intensity is below 67% of 1RM - Correct AnswerMuscular endurance During resistance training, what sub-variable is related to exercise type? - Correct AnswerGrip Which of the following is equipment with variable resistance? - Correct AnswerResistance band Which of the following is an example of a static resistance exercise? - Correct Answerplank What is an exercise progression? - Correct AnswerModifications to acute training variables that increase the challenge of a movement pattern Body language, spatial relations, and paralanguage are all examples of what type of communication? - Correct Answernonverbal communication What type of learners learn best when they can see the information being taught? - Correct Answervisual learners Which of the following is advised when giving verbal cues to increase client understanding? - Correct AnswerUse simplified language Which of the following exercises is categorized as a hinge movement? - Correct Answerdeadlift Which movement category includes upper body exercises in which the arms themselves or the arms and a tool are moved away from the body? - Correct Answerpush What is the agonist at the shoulder during an upper body vertical pulling movement? - Correct Answerlattissimus dorsi What type of exercises are often single-joint movements that can promote muscular adaptations like strength and hypertrophy? - Correct Answerisolation exercises Which movement dysfunction occurs when a synergist muscle takes over a movement pattern when an agonist fails? - Correct AnswerSynergist dominance According to the study of proxemics, what is considered personal distance between two people? - Correct Answer1.5-4 ft

Which category of nutrients protect the body from free radicals and the cellular damage they cause? - Correct Answerantioxidents In which of the following ways can a certified personal trainer help a client with nutrition?

• Correct Answeroffer general nutrition guidance and recommendations Which type of carbohydrate is broken down and converted to energy in the body the quickest? - Correct Answersimple carbohydrates Which of the following is an example of a complex carbohydrate? - Correct AnswerStarchy vegetables Which type of fats have been found to increase an individual's risk for coronary heart disease when consumed in excess? - Correct Answertrans fat Which of the following foods has the highest number of grams of fat per 100 grams of food? - Correct Answervegetable oil Approximately what percentage of the average adult's total body weight is water? - Correct Answer60% Which of the following is the recommended portion size for a serving of protein for a mal? - Correct Answertwo palms Which of the following is the recommended potion size for a serving of fats for a female? - Correct Answerone thumb What are nutritional limiting factors? - Correct AnswerThe nutritional choices a client makes that keep them from making progress or seeing results Which of the following is an example of a performance supplement? - Correct AnswerCreatine monohydrate Which of the following animal-based protein sources has the highest bioavailability in the human body? - Correct Answerwhey protein isolate Which of the following is a good source of vitamin C? - Correct Answerbrussel sprouts Which of the following is a food source of the mineral calcium? - Correct Answerdairy Which of the following is a function of sodium in the body? - Correct Answerfluid balance According to the World Health Organization, what is one of the most common nutrient deficiencies worldwide? - Correct AnswerIron deficiency

Which of the following is a food source of Vitamin E? - Correct Answerpeanuts Where in the digestive tract are amino acids absorbed? - Correct Answersmall intestine When selecting a multivitamin, what information should be considered? - Correct Answersex and age In a normal, healthy adult, what percentage of food consumed is absorbed in the GI tract? - Correct Answer95% What minimum consistent blood pressure reading is associated with the condition of hypertension? - Correct Answer140/90 mm Hg What chronic disease what the DASH diet created to combat? - Correct AnswerHigh blood pressure What is the role of insulin in the human body? - Correct Answerinsulin binds to target cells and promotes the uptake of glucose from the blood What condition is characterized as a degenerative joint disease caused by wear and tear on the joints? - Correct AnswerOsteoarthritis (OA) Which of the following exercises are recommended for a client with arthritis? - Correct AnswerCycling, swimming, group exercise class, and brisk walking What is the definition of the heart condition of cardiomyopathy? - Correct Answerthe enlargement and stiffening of the heart Which chronic health condition can be cause by pollen, mold, smoke and air pollution? - Correct Answerasthma What is the most common symptom of coronary heart disease (CAD)? - Correct Answerangina Which of the following joints in the body are commonly affected by the condition of gout? - Correct AnswerLesser toe joints, ankle, and knee Which arthritic condition is an autoimmune disorder? - Correct AnswerRheumatoid arthritis At what age may youth begin implementing circuit training and strength exercises with light free weights and low intensity? - Correct Answer11-14 years Approximately what percentage of adults over the age of 65 are living with at least one chronic health condition? - Correct Answer80%

Which type of exercise is recommended to prevent osteoporosis in older adults? - Correct Answerresistance training For senior populations, what does the back scratch fitness assessment measure? - Correct Answerupper body flexibility What is the general physical activity recommendation for pregnant women assuming no medical conditions are present? - Correct Answer150 min of moderate-intensity exercises and 3 days of strengthening exercise weekly Which of the following in an absolute contraindication for a pregnant client? - Correct Answerpremature labor Exercise programming for a pregnant client should focus on what fitness outcome? - Correct Answermaintaining current health status Approximately what percentage of the world's population has a condition that disables them? - Correct Answer15% Which of the following is a physiological change that occurs in pregnant women that can affect how they exercise? - Correct Answerresting heart rate increases Which fitness assessment for senior populations measures the amount of time needed for an individual to stand up from a seated position and walk eight feet? - Correct Answereight foot up and go Which style of personal training utilizes both in-person and virtual training? - Correct Answerhybrid training Which style of personal training utilizes videos, live streaming, websites, and chat forums to deliver training content? - Correct Answervirtual training When utilizing emails to communicate with clients, what is the ideal length of an email? - Correct Answer50-125 words In email marketing, what is a strategic email? - Correct Answeran email that explains the trainer's mission, philosophies, and more about themselves In email marketing what is an onboarding email? - Correct Answera series of emails that gather client information and assessments to begin a training program Under the scope of practice for a personal trainer, which of the following may a certified personal trainer assist clients with? - Correct Answergeneral nutrition guidance In marketing, what is the phrase "sign up now!" an example of? - Correct Answercall to action

When identifying a target market, what is the fictional person that represents a trainer's preferred clientele known as? - Correct Answerclient persona Which style of personal training is ofter choreographer? - Correct Answergroup exercise Which style of personal training requires a fitness professional to consider camera quality, lighting, and the available exercise equipment? - Correct Answervirtual training According to the CDC, what is the definition of disinfecting? - Correct Answerkilling germs and viruses on surfaces with the use of chemicals To receive a personal training certification, what additional certification is required? - Correct AnswerCPR/AED What type of injury develops slowly and is persistent? - Correct Answerchronic injury Which of the following is often included in a first aid kit? - Correct Answeradhesive bandages Which of the following emergency situations requires a fitness professional to call 911 immediately? - Correct AnswerAn unconscious person What type of acute injury occurs in a muscle? - Correct Answerstrain Which of the following emergency situations requires a fitness professional to call 911 immediately? - Correct Answerchest pain What tool in a first aid kit can be used to remove debris from a wound? - Correct AnswerTweezers What should ever location where exercise is performed have posted or available for patrons and employees? - Correct AnswerAn emergency exit planb What serious health situation occurs when body is unable to regulate its temperature? - Correct Answerheat stroke