Download JD Next Final Exam Questions With Complete Solutions!! and more Exams Java Programming in PDF only on Docsity! JD Next Final Exam Questions With Complete Solutions!! We continue to see gaps in reading and math scores based on ______, and type of school. - ANSWERRace Gender Ethnicity In 2019, 44% of _______ students and 14% of _________ students were proficient in math - ANSWERWhite, black Girls show ______ reading scores than boys at all ages - ANSWERHigher _______ Occurs when juveniles are placed in classrooms or groups within the classroom based on their perceived intellectual abilities - ANSWERTracking Youth homicides at school made up only 1.2 % of the total youth homicides in the ______ school year. - ANSWER2015-2016 The gender gap in math scores is highest when boys are _______ years old - ANSWER17 School violence is most common among what age-group? - ANSWER12-14 What percentage of young people have access to a smartphone? - ANSWER95% What percentage of youth between the ages 12 and 18 have sent a sext to someone? - ANSWER15% _______ theory has been used to explain teen involvement in and exposure to sexting - ANSWERRoutine Activities Which theory characterizes youth gangs as the result of a formation of a peer group that actively opposes middle-class mainstream norms of nonviolent behavior through the creation of a hypermasculine, aggressive subculture? - ANSWERSubculture of violence Which theory states that gang involvement results because youth have too much free time on their hands and opportunities to join a gang? - ANSWERRoutine Activities theory Which court case ruled that the highest standard of proof, "beyond a reasonable doubt," needed to be used in juvenile proceedings to protect juveniles from the possibility of undeserved confinement in a juvenile institution? - ANSWERWinship Which court case ruled that youth were not entitled to a trial by jury in juvenile court proceedings? - ANSWERMckeever vs. Pennsylvania Which Supreme Court determined that youth under the age of 18 who commit acts of murder should not be sentenced to mandatory life sentences without the chance of parole? - ANSWERMiller v. Alabama Which role of the police involves detecting, investigating, and arresting people? - ANSWERLaw enforcement What percentage of the U.S. population had contact with the police in 2015? - ANSWER21% People in which age-group are most likely to have police-initiated contact? - ANSWER18-24 Which type of law enforcement are juveniles most likely to come into contact with? - ANSWERPatrol officers The number of police-citizen interactions _______ between 2011 and 2015 - ANSWERdecreased Most juveniles who come into contact with police because of ______ crimes are arrested, independent of the juvenile's race, class, or gender - ANSWERFelony A process that allows the juvenile justice system to offer programs designed to help a juvenile without the young person having to go formally through the system is called ________ - ANSWERDiversion
