KPEERI Exam 2024/2025 with 100% Accurate Solutions, Exams of Nursing

Download KPEERI Exam 2024/2025 with 100% Accurate Solutions and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! KPEERI EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100% ACCURATE SOLUTIONS A word part that contains a vowel or, in spoken language, a vowel sound - Precise Answer ✔✔syllable Two or more consecutive consonants which retain their individual sounds - Precise Answer ✔✔consonant blend Two consecutive consonants that represent one phoneme, or sound - Precise Answer ✔✔consonant digraph Sources of information outside of words that readers may use to predict the identities and meanings of unknown words. These may be drawn from the immediate sentence containing the word, from text already read, from pictures accompanying the text, or from definitions, restatements, examples, or descriptions in the text. - Precise Answer ✔✔context clues Sounds that can be held for several seconds without distortion - Precise Answer ✔✔continuous sounds Sequences for how information is selected, sequenced, organized, and practiced. These occur within each component of reading where a logical progression of skills would be evident: easier skills are introduced before more difficult skills, so that skills build progressively. - Precise Answer ✔✔Coordinated Instructional Sequences Instruction that builds upon previously learned concepts. - Precise Answer ✔✔Cumulative Instruction Text in which a high proportion of words comprise sound-symbol relationships that have already been taught. - Precise Answer ✔✔Decodable Text These words contain phonic elements that were previously taught. - Precise Answer ✔✔Decodable Words A prefix or suffix added to a root or base to form another word (e.g., -un in unhappy , -ness in likeness). - Precise Answer ✔✔Derivational affix The matching instruction that can meet the different needs of learners in a given classroom. - Precise Answer ✔✔Differentiated Instruction (Keyword: different) A group of two consecutive letters whose phonetic value is a single sound (e.g., /ea/ in bread; /ch/ in chat; /ng/ in sing) - Precise Answer ✔✔Digraph (Remember the word digraph has a digraPH) This type of instruction is step-by-step, and the actions of the teacher are clear, specific, direct, and related to the learning objective. - Precise Answer ✔✔Explicit Instruction (Remember, explicit means something is "expressed clearly") Reports factual information (also referred to as informational text) and the relationships among ideas. This type of text tends to be more difficult for students than narrative text because of the density of long, difficult, and unknown words or word parts. - Precise Answer ✔✔Expository text (Remember, Expository is writing that seeks to EXplain and Inform) Language that is spoken. - Precise Answer ✔✔Expressive Language Language that departs from its literal meaning (e.g., The snow sparkled like diamonds; That child is a handful.). - Precise Answer ✔✔Figurative meanings What are the 5 components of Reading? - Precise Answer ✔✔Phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension. Grouping students according to shared instructional needs and abilities and regrouping as their instructional needs change. Group size and allocated instructional time may vary among groups. - Precise Answer ✔✔Flexible grouping Words of one syllable, ending in "f", "l", "z" or "s" - after one vowel is called the ______________ ______________. - Precise Answer ✔✔Floss/ SAMMY Rule The ability to read a text accurately, quickly, and with proper expression and comprehension. - Precise Answer ✔✔Fluency Follows a prescribed format for administration and scoring. Scores obtained from these types of tests are standardized, meaning that interpretation is based on norms from a comparative sample of children. - Precise Answer ✔✔Formal Assessments (Remember, Formal means having a conventionally recognized form, structure, or set of rules- standardized) The level at which a reader reads at less than a 90% accuracy - Precise Answer ✔✔Frustrational Reading Level Vocabulary common to written texts but not commonly a part of speech; in the Standards, these words and phrases are analogous to Tier Two words and phrases are typically this... - Precise Answer ✔✔General academic words and phrases (Remember, Tier 2 isn't necessarily common in every day language Ex. analyze, restrict, formulate.) The ability to use a learned skill in novel situations. - Precise Answer ✔✔Generalization A letter or letter combination that spells a single phoneme. In English, this may be one, two, three, or four letters, such as e, ei, igh, or eigh. - Precise Answer ✔✔grapheme (Etymology Online- graph= "letter, symbol" + eme ="unit of language structure.") A visual framework or structure for capturing the main points of what is being read, which may include concepts, ideas, events, vocabulary, or generalizations. These allow ideas in text and thinking processes to become external by showing the interrelatedness of ideas, thus facilitating understanding for the reader. - Precise Answer ✔✔Graphic Organizers The relationship between letters and phonemes. - Precise Answer ✔✔Graphophonemic (Examples would include Recognizing alphabetic sequence while singing the alphabet song, naming letters as well as matching upper and lowercase letters). (Homophones always sound alike, so remember the ending "-phone," which is a Greek root meaning "sound.") Remember the sentence "I am on the PHONE, can you HEAR me in HERE?" Hear- listen Here- location A phrase or expression that differs from the literal meaning of the words; a regional or individual expression with a unique meaning (e.g., it's raining cats and dogs). - Precise Answer ✔✔idiom (If you say something beyond literal meaning, you may sound like an Idiot (idiom).) When an error occurs, the teacher immediately attends to it by scaffolding instruction (i.e., gradual release of responsibility). - Precise Answer ✔✔Immediate Corrective Feedback Instruction that may include more time, more opportunities for student practice, more teacher feedback, smaller group size, and different materials. It is implemented as soon as assessment indicates that students are not making adequate progress in reading. - Precise Answer ✔✔Immediate Intensive Intervention The opposite of explicit instruction. Students discover skills and concepts instead of being explicitly taught. For example, the teacher writes a list of words on the board that begin with the letter "m" (mud, milk, meal, and mattress) and asks the students how the words are similar. The teacher elicits from the students that the letter "m" stands for the sound you hear at the beginning of the words. - Precise Answer ✔✔Implicit Instruction (Remember the word implied- suggested but not directly expressed) The level at which a reader can read text with 95% accuracy (i.e., no more than one error per 20 words read). - Precise Answer ✔✔Independent Reading Level (Remember 95%) The reading range that spans instructional and independent reading levels or level of text that a student can read with 90% to 95% or above accuracy. - Precise Answer ✔✔Independent-instructional reading level range (Remember 90%-95%) This term refers to students learning the meaning of words indirectly when they hear or see the words used in many different contexts - for example, through conversations with adults, through being read to, and through reading extensively on their own. - Precise Answer ✔✔Indirect Vocabulary Learning This describes the special education and related services specifically designed to meet the unique educational needs of a student with a disability. - Precise Answer ✔✔Individualized Education Program Does not follow prescribed rules for administration and scoring and has not undergone technical scrutiny for reliability and validity. Teacher- made tests, end-of-unit tests, and running records are all examples of This. - Precise Answer ✔✔Informal Assessments (Remember, Informal means having a relaxed, friendly, or unofficial) Non-fiction books that contain facts and information. - Precise Answer ✔✔Informational/Expository Text (Remember Non-Fiction books are Informational and full of Explanations) The level at which a reader can read text with 90% accuracy (i.e., no more than one error per 10 words read). This level engages the student in challenging, but manageable text. - Precise Answer ✔✔Instructional reading level (Remember 90%) An analysis of words formed by adding prefixes, suffixes or other meaningful word units to a base word. - Precise Answer ✔✔Morphemic Analysis (meanings of words can be determined or inferred by examining their meaningful parts.) Ex. biology= bio+logy bio=life logy=the study of Units of meaning within words. The study of how words are formed from prefixes, roots, and suffixes (e.g., mis-spell-ing), and how words are related to each other. - Precise Answer ✔✔Morphology Remember: Morphology (Greek Origin) morph+o+loge+y morph=form, structure loge= speech, word, account, reason This is using a word's letter patterns to help determine, in part, the meaning and pronunciation of a word. For example, the morpheme vis in words such as vision and visible is from the Latin root word that means to see; and the ay in stay is pronounced the same in the words gray and play. - Precise Answer ✔✔Morphophonology morpho=shape/structure phono=sound logy=study of A comparison NOT using like or as. - Precise Answer ✔✔Metaphor (Remember the sentence "He cut a rug when he TAP danced" - meTAPhor) This approach uses visual, auditory, and kinesthetic-tactile cues simultaneously to enhance memory and learning. Links are consistently made between the visual (what we see), auditory (what we hear), and kinesthetic-tactile (what we feel) pathways in learning to read and spell. - Precise Answer ✔✔Multisensory Structured Language Education ______________ is the rate at which a child can recite "overlearned" stimuli such as letters and single-digit numbers. (May be connected to executive functioning or processing speed) - Precise Answer ✔✔Naming Speed A story about fictional or real events. - Precise Answer ✔✔Narrative Text (Remember: The main purpose of a narrative is to entertain, think of the NARRATOR in a Fairy Tale) Vowels that are pronounced differently from the expected pronunciation (e.g., the "o" in old is pronounced /ō/ instead of the expected /o/. - Precise Answer ✔✔oddities (odd, think different) A part of the word that is the initial consonant sound, blend, or digraph in a single syllable word or syllable. - Precise Answer ✔✔Onset A part of the word that is the first vowel phoneme followed by all the other phonemes (at in rat; esh in fresh). - Precise Answer ✔✔Rime In segmentation in the word swift, sw is the _________ and ift is the _________. - Precise Answer ✔✔onset, rime What are the five components of oral language? - Precise Answer ✔✔phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. (Remember: Oral Language gives me bad P.P.M.S.S.) ha ha A child with these difficulties may exhibit poor vocabulary, listening comprehension, or grammatical abilities for his or her age. - Precise Answer ✔✔Oral language difficulties chunks, and these chunks make it easier to read words. - Precise Answer ✔✔Consolidated alphabetic (Think spl+ash= splash) The smallest units of spoken language that makes a difference in the meaning of a word is called a ________________. - Precise Answer ✔✔phoneme In this activity, children make a new word by adding a phoneme to an existing word. (Teacher: What word do you have if you add /s/ to the beginning of park? Children: spark.) - Precise Answer ✔✔Phoneme Addition In this activity, children learn to listen to a sequence of separately spoken phonemes, and then combine the phonemes to form a word. (Teacher: What word is /b/ /i/ /g/? Children: /b/ /i/ /g/ is big. - Precise Answer ✔✔Phoneme Blending In this activity, children recognize the word in a set of three or four words that has the "odd" sound. (Teacher: Which word doesn't belong? bun, bus, rug. Children: Rug does not belong. It doesn't begin with a /b/.) - Precise Answer ✔✔Phoneme Categorization In this activity, children learn to recognize the word that remains when a phoneme is removed from another word. (Teacher: What is smile without the /s/? Children: Smile without the /s/ is mile.) - Precise Answer ✔✔Phoneme Deletion In this activity, children learn to recognize the same sounds in different words. (Teacher: What sound is the same in fix, fall, and fun? Children: The first sound, /f/, is the same.) - Precise Answer ✔✔Phoneme Identity In this activity, children learn to recognize and identify individual sounds in a word. (Teacher: What is the first sound in van? Children: The first sound in van is /v/.) - Precise Answer ✔✔Phoneme Isolation In this activity, children break a word into its separate sounds, saying each sound as they tap out or count it. (Teacher: How many sounds are in grab? Children: /g/ /r/ /a/ /b/. Four sounds.) - Precise Answer ✔✔Phoneme Segmentation In this activity, children substitute one phoneme for another to make a new word. (Teacher: The word is bug. Change /g/ to /n/. What's the new word? Children: bun.) - Precise Answer ✔✔Phoneme Substitution Adding, deleting, and substituting sounds in words (e.g., add /b/ to oat to make boat; delete /p/ in pat to make at; substitute /o/ for /a/ in pat to make pot). - Precise Answer ✔✔Phoneme Manipulation the ability to notice, think about, and work with the individual sounds in spoken words. An example of how beginning readers show us they have phonemic awareness is combining or blending the separate sounds of a word to say the word ("/c/ /a/ /t/ - cat.") - Precise Answer ✔✔Phonemic Awareness A method for teaching reading by applying the systematic, predicatable relationship between written letters and spoken sounds (the alphabetic principle). - Precise Answer ✔✔Phonics (phon= sound, ics= to speak tell or say) The most effective way to teach phonics. A program is this if the plan of instruction includes a carefully selected set of letter-sound relationships that are organized into a logical sequence. - Precise Answer ✔✔Systematic and explicit phonics instruction This means the teachers provide precise directions in teaching. - Precise Answer ✔✔Explicit A succession of letters that represent the same phonological unit in different words, such as "igh" in flight, might, tight, sigh, and high. - Precise Answer ✔✔Phonogram A morpheme that precedes a root and that contributes to or modifies the meaning of a word as "re" in reprint. - Precise Answer ✔✔Prefix (pre=before) A part of writing and preparing presentations that involves largely or wholly replacing a previous, unsatisfactory effort with a new effort, better aligned to task, purpose, and audience, on the same or a similar topic or theme; compared to revising, a larger-scale activity more akin to replacement than refinement; - Precise Answer ✔✔Rewriting Words that have the same ending sound. - Precise Answer ✔✔Rhyming A bound morpheme, usually of Latin origin, that cannot stand alone but is used to form a family of words with related meanings. Example: -able, -s, non- - Precise Answer ✔✔Root Refers to the support that is given to students in order for them to arrive at the correct answer. This support may occur as immediate, specific feedback that a teacher offers during student practice. For instance, the assistance the teacher offers may include giving encouragement or cues, breaking the problem down into smaller steps, using a graphic organizer, or providing an example. - Precise Answer ✔✔Scaffolding (Keyword- support) Refers to prior knowledge, the knowledge and experience that readers bring to the text. - Precise Answer ✔✔Schema (Remember this sentence, If you have never been SKIing before, your SCHEma on the subject will be limited.) The vowel sound sometimes heard in an unstressed syllable and is most often sounded as /uh/ or as the short /u/ sound as in cup. - Precise Answer ✔✔Schwa (Examples: Again, parrOt, thE, bacOn) A "roadmap" or "blueprint" for teachers that provides an overall picture of an instructional program and includes the range of teaching content and the order in which it is taught. - Precise Answer ✔✔Scope and Sequence Separating the individual phonemes, or sounds, of a word into discrete units. - Precise Answer ✔✔Segmenting The mental act of knowing when one does and does not understand what one is reading. When students use these strategies, they actively think about how they are learning or understanding the material, activities, or reading in which they are engaged. - Precise Answer ✔✔Self Monitoring (Examples: Checklists, Before, During & After strategies, Reciprocal Teaching) Uses a grid to help explore how a set of things are related to one another. By analyzing the grid one can see connections, make predictions, and master important concepts. - Precise Answer ✔✔Semantic Feature Analysis (Keyword- comparing with a grid) Portray the schematic relations that compose a concept; a strategy for graphically representing concepts. (Venn diagram, Timeline or a Word Web) - Precise Answer ✔✔Semantic Map The way language conveys meaning. - Precise Answer ✔✔Semantics (Keyword- meaning) These are words that are recognized immediately. Sometimes sight words are thought to be irregular, or high frequency words (e.g., the Dolch and Fry lists). However, any word that is recognized automatically - Precise Answer ✔✔Sight Words Phonics instruction that matches phoneme to grapheme. - Precise Answer ✔✔Sound to Symbol Refers to digraphs, vowel pairs, word families, and vowel variant spellings. - Precise Answer ✔✔Spelling Patterns This sound can only be said for an instant, otherwise its sound will be distorted (i.e., / b/, /c/ /d/, /g/, /h/, /j/, /k/, /p/, /q/, /t/, /x/). Words What type of Syllable is this? candle, juggle - Precise Answer ✔✔Consonant-l-e What type of Syllable is this? firm, star - Precise Answer ✔✔R controlled The act of breaking words into syllables. - Precise Answer ✔✔Syllabication Words that have similar meanings. - Precise Answer ✔✔Synonym Phrase and sentence structure (grammar). - Precise Answer ✔✔Syntax (Think of the way Yoda talks, it's a SIN (SYNtax) because it's wrong.) A component of concepts of print, includes knowledge of the features in a text or book, such as page numbers, table of contents, illustrations and photographs, chapter titles, headings, captions, labels, infographics, and diagrams. - Precise Answer ✔✔Text Features The various patterns of ideas that are embedded in the organization of text (e.g., cause-effect, comparison-contrast, story grammar). - Precise Answer ✔✔Text Structure During shared read aloud, teachers reveal their thinking processes by verbalizing: connections, questions, inferences, and predictions. - Precise Answer ✔✔Think Alouds Letters that appear frequently in words. Beginning readers can decode more words when they know these. Knowing the sounds of /m/, /a/, /t/, and /i/ is more advantageous than the sounds /x/, /q/ /y/, and /z/. Other useful letter sounds are /a/, /e/, /i/, /o/, /u/, /b/, /c/, /d/, /f/, /g/, /h/, /k/, /l/, /n/, /p/, and /r/. - Precise Answer ✔✔Useful Letter Sounds A carefully planned sequence for instruction, similar to a builder's blueprint for a house. This is carefully thought out, strategic, and designed before activities and lessons are planned. Lessons build on previously taught information, from simple to complex. - Precise Answer ✔✔Systematic Instruction Multiple Spelling patterns for a specific sound or a variety of spelling patterns for one sound (e.g., long a spelled a, a_e, ai_, _ay). - Precise Answer ✔✔Varient Correspondences (varient- something substantially the same, but in different form) This term refers to the words a person knows when hearing them in oral speech - Precise Answer ✔✔Listening vocabulary Knowledge of the meaning and pronunciation of words. - Precise Answer ✔✔Vocabulary This term refers to the words we use when we speak. - Precise Answer ✔✔Speaking vocabulary This term refers to refers to the words we use in writing. - Precise Answer ✔✔Writing Vocabulary Two vowels together that represent one phoneme, or sound (e.g., ea, ai, oa). - Precise Answer ✔✔Vowel Diagraph, Vowel Pair or Vowel Team These are words from other languages that are the origin of many English words. About 60 percent of all English words have Latin or Greek origins. - Precise Answer ✔✔Word Roots The act of deliberately investigating words (e.g., vocabulary-building exercises, word-identification practice, and spelling). - Precise Answer ✔✔Word Study Word parts that are "fixed to" either the beginnings of words (prefixes) or the endings of words (suffixes). The word disrespectful has two of these, a prefix (dis-) and a suffix (-ful). - Precise Answer ✔✔Affix This term refers to the words a person knows when seeing them in print. - Precise Answer ✔✔Reading Vocabulary What is the Silent E Spelling Rule? - Precise Answer ✔✔Which spelling Rule Drops the e before adding a vowel suffix? Ex. re +late+ ion = relation (not relateion) What is the CVC or (1-1-1) Doubling Rule? - Precise Answer ✔✔Which Spelling Rule is "In 1 syllable words ending in consonant- vowel-consonant (cvc), double the final consonant before adding a vowel suffix Ex. Ship+er = Shipper A cluster of letters at the end of a word whose pronunciation remains consistent regardless of the word in which it appears (e.g., -tion, -ble, - ture); not synonymous with the term suffix - Precise Answer ✔✔Final Stable Syllable What is the CVC (1-1-1) Extended doubling rule? - Precise Answer ✔✔In multi-syllable words ending in consonant-vowel-consonant (cvc), double the final consonant before adding a vowel suffix if the last syllable in the baseword gets the accent. Ex. com + mit + ed= committed This is when an Instructor provides a set of potential answers and one question. Student must choose the correct answer from the given set. - Precise Answer ✔✔Recognition What is the Y Spelling Rule? - Precise Answer ✔✔Never drop the y. Keep it or change it. If a word ends in vowel-y, keep the y. If a word ends in consonant-y, change the y to i unless the suffix begins with i. -Vowel y, keep the y - pray+ed = prayed -consonant-y- hurry + ed = hurried -unless the suffix begins with i (which would create a double i)- Ex. fly+ing = flying This is when an Instructor provides one question. Student must provide the answer from memory. - Precise Answer ✔✔Recall Which part of speech would these suffixes commonly go with? -er, -est, -ful, -ish, -ous, -able, -ible - Precise Answer ✔✔Adjective (Adjectives usually ask: What kind? Which one? How Many?) Which part of speech would these suffixes commonly go with? -ly - Precise Answer ✔✔Adverb (Adverbs usually ask How often? When? Where? How? How much?) Which part of speech would these suffixes commonly go with? -er, - hood, ness, -or, -ist, -ment, -ity - Precise Answer ✔✔Noun (A Person, Place or Thing) A type of suffix that creates a new word; the new word is derived from the base word, e.g., adding -er to the word teach creates a new word teacher. - Precise Answer ✔✔Derivational Suffix What happens in the pre-reading phase of Chall's Stages of Reading Development? - Precise Answer ✔✔Oral Language Development Which stage of Spelling Development do children use symbols from the alphabet but shows no knowledge of letter-sound correspondences. They may also lack knowledge of the entire alphabet, the distinction between upper- and lower-case letters, and the left-to-right direction of English orthography. - Precise Answer ✔✔Precommunicative stage (Remember it's Pre-(before) because they lack knowledge of the entire alphabet) Which part of speech would these suffixes commonly go with? -ed, -ing, -en, -fy, -ate (pronounced /a ̄te/), -ize - Precise Answer ✔✔Verb (Verbs describe an action or occurrence) (Remember the /n/ in Nasal is a nasal sound) Which manner of Articulation is: Sound glides into another phoneme, making it hard not to add the schwa onto the end /yu/, /wu/ ? e.x. /y/ /w/ - Precise Answer ✔✔Glides (Remember the sentence: You're /y/ gliding where /w/?) Which manner of articulation begins as a stop but releases as a fricative. ex. /ch/ /j/ - Precise Answer ✔✔Affricates Remember the sentence: Africa (Affricates) is known for Giraffes/j/, CHimpanzees /ch/ and Jakals /j/. Which manner of Articulation is: Tongue causes partial closure of the mouth. Push of air can cause liquid to move throughout the mouth? ex. /l/ /r/ - Precise Answer ✔✔liquids (Remember the /l/ in liquid is a liquid sound.) This Text genre gives instructions on how to do something. - Precise Answer ✔✔procedural This Text genre Encourages someone to do something. - Precise Answer ✔✔Hortatory (from the word exhort= strongly encourage or urge) This text genre List the characteristics of something. - Precise Answer ✔✔Descriptive Text ___________________ ____________ is a broad skill that includes identifying and manipulating units of oral language - parts such as words, syllables, and onsets and rimes. ... __________________ ____________ refers to the specific ability to focus on and manipulate individual sounds in spoken words. - Precise Answer ✔✔Phonological Awareness, Phonemic awareness This refers to the degree to which scores from a particular test are consistent from one use of the test to the next. - Precise Answer ✔✔reliability (Keyword- Is it reliable? Do you get STABLE and CONSISTENT results?) This refers to the degree to which a test score can be interpreted and used for its intended purpose - Precise Answer ✔✔validity (Keyword- how well it measures what it is meant to measure) Able to identify a word , and identify a letter are what concept? - Precise Answer ✔✔Concept of Print These are given to all students at the beginning of the school year to determine which students are at risk of struggling with reading. They are not used to diagnose specific skill gaps; rather, they help to identify children who need diagnostic assessments, as well as children who may require supplemental intervention. - Precise Answer ✔✔Screening Assessments (Key Word- Screen Students at the beginning of the year to see if they need intervention) These are used to assess specific skills or components of reading such as phonemic awareness, phonics skills, and fluency. The results of diagnostic assessments inform instruction and intervention - Precise Answer ✔✔Diagnostic Assessments (Keywords: assesses specific skills or components to "diagnose" a specific need) These are formal assessments, often used as diagnostic tools. The score compares the student's skills to a defined population used in standardizing the test (i.e., how did this student perform on these tasks compared to other students in the same grade or age range). Examples of these tests include the Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Achievement and the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test. Typically these kinds of tests Which Tier Does this explain? Small group lessons (30 minutes) two to three times a week usually by a general education teacher or tutor. It's important to know that kids who are in this tier still take part in regular lessons with the rest of the class. If they're progressing, they may receive gradually less support. These usually last 8-15 weeks. - Precise Answer ✔✔Tier 2, Small Group Interventions This is the most intense level of RTI usually 60 - 120 minutes daily. This support is normally given by a special education tutor, or content specialist. This can mean small group work (1-3 students) or it can mean individual instruction. Progress monitoring is weekly. These interventions usually last a minimum of 20 weeks. - Precise Answer ✔✔Tier 3, Intensive Interventions Mode of organizing knowledge, ideas or experience that is rooted in language and its concrete context. The organization of words through speech or written expression (usually refers to a story or conversation) - Precise Answer ✔✔Discourse Organization This Describes a topic (academic, factual, informational) - Precise Answer ✔✔Expository Discourse (Think EXplain) Students without _______________ skills normally have difficulty decoding words. - Precise Answer ✔✔phonology Students without __________ skills may have difficulty spelling words. - Precise Answer ✔✔orthography _____________ skills are beneficial to learners in vocabulary building and spelling. - Precise Answer ✔✔Morphology Students without knowledge of _______________ may have difficulty with vocabulary knowledge with also effects comprehension. - Precise Answer ✔✔Semantics Students without _____________ skills may have problems with sentence structure, grammar and the mechanics of writing. - Precise Answer ✔✔syntactic Students not familiar with ___________ __________ may have problems writing narratives or expository papers, struggle with oral communication (having conversations). - Precise Answer ✔✔Discourse Organization These are Characteristics of what? Difficulty planning and coordinating body movements Difficulty coordinating muscles to produce sounds - Precise Answer ✔✔Characteristics of Dyspraxia These are Characteristics of what? Inattention Attention varies Distractibility Impulsively Over-activity - Precise Answer ✔✔ADHD/ADD These are Characteristics of what? Difficulty counting accurately May reverse numbers Difficulty memorizing math facts Difficulty copying math problems and organizing written work Many calculation errors Difficulty retaining math vocabulary and/or concepts - Precise Answer ✔✔Dyscalculia These are characteristics of what? Unsure of right or left handedness Poor or slow handwriting Messy and unorganized papers Difficulty copying Poor fine motor skills - Precise Answer ✔✔Dysgraphia Which kind of Spelling error is this ? Intended word: lump; child's spelling: lup. - Precise Answer ✔✔This is a phonologically based error; the child has omitted the sound /m/ -They have acquired less knowledge and skill pertaining to literacy during the preschool years, either through lack of appropriate home literacy experiences and/or as a result of some inherent cognitive limitations -They lack age-appropriate skills in literacy-related cognitive-linguistic processing, especially phonological awareness, confrontational naming, sentence/story recall, and general language ability -They have been diagnosed as having specific early language impairment, a hearing impairment, or a primary medical diagnosis with which reading problems tend to occur as a secondary symptom Which Language of origin is described? -Short, one-syllable words, sometimes compounded -Use of vowel teams, silent letters, digraphs, diphthongs in spelling -Words for common, everyday things -Irregular spellings - Precise Answer ✔✔Anglo-Saxon(Old English) Which Language of origin is described? -ou for /ū/ -Soft c and gwhen followed by e, i, y -Special endings such as -ine, -ette, -elle, -ique -Words for food and fashion, abstract social ideals, relationships - Precise Answer ✔✔Norman French Which Language of origin is described? -Multisyllabic words with prefixes, roots, suffixes -Content words found in text of social sciences, traditional physical sciences, and literature - Precise Answer ✔✔Latin/Romance Which Language of origin is described? -Spellings ph for /f/, ch for /k/, and y for /ǔ/ -Constructed from combining forms, similar to English compounds -Philosophical, mathematical and . scientific terminology - Precise Answer ✔✔Greek Which Language of origin is described in the following words? sky, earth, moon, sun, water, sheep, dog, horse, cow, hen, head, arm, finger, toe, heart, shoe, shirt, pants, socks, coat, brother, father, mother, sister, hate, love, think, want, touch, does, were, been, would, do - Precise Answer ✔✔Anglo-Saxon(Old English) Which Language of origin is described in the following words? amuse, cousin, cuisine, country, peace, triage, rouge, baguette, novice, justice, soup, coupon, nouvelle, boutique - Precise Answer ✔✔Norman French Which Language of origin is described in the following words? firmament, terrestrial, solar, stellar, aquarium, mammal, equine, pacify, mandible, extremity, locomotion, paternal, maternity, designate, hostility, amorous, contemplate, delectable, deception, reject, refer - Precise Answer ✔✔Latin/Romance Which Language of origin is described in the following words? hypnosis, agnostic, neuropsychology, decathalon, catatonic, agoraphobia, chlorophyll, physiognomy - Precise Answer ✔✔Greek What percentage of the English Language is derived from Latin, French or Greek origin? - Precise Answer ✔✔About 70% of the words derive from Latin, French, or Greek. What percentage of the English Language is derived from German origin? - Precise Answer ✔✔About 22% from German origin. How could knowing the following information be helpful to students? The words bat, battle, battalion, combat, combatant, combative, battering ram and debate contain the root -bat- meaning 'to beat. - Precise Answer ✔✔Approaching these related words through their shared root offers a way to decode, encode, and decipher meanings. What is the name of a prefix (often nicknamed chameleon) where, for ease of pronunciation, the final letter changes according to the initial letter of the base to which it is attached (e.g., ad- changes to ar- before range to make arrange; in- changes to im- before pact to make impact) - Precise Answer ✔✔Assimilated Prefix What is the name for a free morpheme; word with no prefixes and suffixes (e.g., -port-, -kind-) ? - Precise Answer ✔✔Base Word or Root Word Reading is an interactive process that requires three levels of understanding, what are the levels? - Precise Answer ✔✔surface code, text base, and mental models. This describes which tier of vocabulary? This tier consists of content- specific vocabulary—the words that are often defined in textbooks or glossaries. These words are important for imparting ideas during lessons and helping to build students' background knowledge. - Precise Answer ✔✔Tier 3 Vocabulary The Level of Comprehension that refers to the exact wording of the text. - Precise Answer ✔✔The surface code The level of Comprehension that requires readers to dig a little deeper and identify main ideas in text. - Precise Answer ✔✔Text base The Level of Comprehension that is derived from the meaning students construct with the text. - Precise Answer ✔✔Mental Model What are the sounds of -ed? - Precise Answer ✔✔/id/ floated /t/ walked /d/dreamed Count the morphemes in the word prescription. - Precise Answer ✔✔pre + script + ion (3) Count the morphemes in the word disruptive. - Precise Answer ✔✔dis + rupt + ive (3) Count the morphemes in the word structurally. - Precise Answer ✔✔struct + ure + al + ly (4) Count the morphemes in the word connectivity. - Precise Answer ✔✔con + nect + ive + ity (4) Count the morphemes in the word hypothermia. - Precise Answer ✔✔hypo + therm + ia (3) The process of hearing a sound and being able to write a symbol to represent that sound. - Precise Answer ✔✔Encoding This term involves seeing a written symbol and being able to say what sound it represents. - Precise Answer ✔✔Decoding What are the 5 components of Language Comprehension on Scarborough's Reading Rope? - Precise Answer ✔✔Background Knowledge, Vocabulary, language Structures, Verbal Reasoning and Literacy Knowledge What are the 3 components of Word Recognition on Scarborough's Reading Rope? - Precise Answer ✔✔Phonological Awareness, Decoding and Sight Recognition A group of words that contains a subject and verb and expresses a complete thought. Ex. I went to the store and bought groceries. - Precise Answer ✔✔Independent Clause (It's independent, you won't need any help understanding what it means.) A group of words that contains a subject and verb but does not express a complete thought. Ex. I went to the... - Precise Answer ✔✔Dependent Clause (It's dependent, it's contingent upon finishing the rest of the thought) This is a term for a sentence with an independent clause with no conjunction or dependent clause. - Precise Answer ✔✔Simple Sentence This is a term for a sentence with two independent clauses joined by a conjunction (e.g., and, but, or, for, nor, yet, so). - Precise Answer ✔✔Compound Sentence This is a term for a sentence that contains one independent clause and at least one dependent clause. - Precise Answer ✔✔Complex Sentence This term includes not only the mechanical and visual perceptual processes of graphics and handwriting, but also the acquisition of This side of the brain of this area is responsible for mapping phonetic sounds to the corresponding letters. - Precise Answer ✔✔The Left side of the Brain (Remember the sentence: The phonetic sounds LEFT and went to the corresponding letters). This side of the brain functions as the visual word-form area it helps in word-form memory. - Precise Answer ✔✔The right side of the brain. (Remember the sentence: Your word form is RIGHT!) When determining the Reading difficulty, and skill gaps... Students who have good or adequate language comprehension and good or adequate decoding are - Precise Answer ✔✔Most likely at or above grade level in reading. When determining the Reading difficulty, and skill gaps... What is the profile of Students who have good language comprehension but poor word recognition/decoding skills? - Precise Answer ✔✔This profile is termed specific word recognition difficulties (SWRD), because the child's reading problems are specific to word recognition, not language comprehension. When determining the Reading difficulty, and skill gaps... What is the profile of Students who have poor language comprehension but good word recognition/decoding skills? - Precise Answer ✔✔This profile is called specific comprehension difficulties (SCD), because the child's reading problems are specific to comprehension and do not involve reading words. When determining the Reading difficulty, and skill gaps... What is the profile of Students who have weaknesses in both language comprehension and word recognition/decoding skills? - Precise Answer ✔✔This profile is often called mixed reading difficulties (MRD), because the reading problems include both word recognition and comprehension. Students with good language comprehension but poor word recognition (SWRD), typically need what kind of intervention? - Precise Answer ✔✔Phonics intervention. For most of these children, effective phonics intervention, if accompanied by adequate levels of fluency, should enable children to achieve grade-appropriate reading comprehension Students with poor language comprehension but good word recognition and decoding (SCD), need what type of intervention? - Precise Answer ✔✔They require comprehension interventions that address their specific needs in the domain of comprehension (e.g., vocabulary, background knowledge, inferencing). Students with weaknesses in both language comprehension and word recognition/decoding (MRD), require what type of intervention? - Precise Answer ✔✔They will need both phonics intervention and intervention addressing their specific comprehension needs. According to Scarborough's Reading Rope, what are 5 the components to Language Comprehension? - Precise Answer ✔✔Language Comprehension-Background Knowledge, Vocabulary, Language Structure, Verbal Reasoning, Literacy Knowledge (Here is a mnemonic sentence, If you take the first Letter of each component, Language Comprehension Brings Kids Valuable Lessons Since Vulnerable Readers Lack Knowledge) According to Scarborough's Reading Rope, what are 3 the components to Word Recognition? - Precise Answer ✔✔Word Recognition- Phonological Awareness, Decoding, Sight Recognition (Here is a mnemonic sentence, If you take the first Letter of each component, Word Recognition Pains All Dyslexic Students Regularly) What are the 3 components of fluency? - Precise Answer ✔✔A.R.E. Accuracy Rate Expression When referring to Reading and the brain, What is included in the "Four Part Processor" Model? (These systems must work together to support word recognition) - Precise Answer ✔✔Context Processor, Orthographic Processor, Meaning Processor and Phonological Processor. According to Nancy Young's Reading Ladder, what percentage of students are advantaged by the Structured Literacy Approach? - Precise Answer ✔✔40% According to Nancy Young's Reading Ladder, what percentage of students is it essential to be taught by the Structured Literacy Approach? - Precise Answer ✔✔60% What are the 4 areas in which teachers can differentiate instruction? - Precise Answer ✔✔Content, Process, Products and Learning Environment. What is the 10th disability type (in which Dyslexia falls under)? - Precise Answer ✔✔Specific Learning Disability (SLD) What is a federal law that sets specific standards for the education of those with special needs? - Precise Answer ✔✔The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) Why should you use nonsense words or syllables during the Vowel Intensive? - Precise Answer ✔✔Because they don't have phonemic awareness which is needed when reading multisyllabic words. Language that is spoken or written is ____________ language. - Precise Answer ✔✔Expressive Language. (You express yourself when you speak or write) Language that is heard or read is ________________language. - Precise Answer ✔✔Receptive Language. (When you hear or read, you are receiving information) What type of articulation is /sh/? - Precise Answer ✔✔A Fricative sound. What type of articulation is /g/? - Precise Answer ✔✔A Stop sound. What type of articulation is /ng/? - Precise Answer ✔✔A nasal Sound. What type of articulation is /ch/? - Precise Answer ✔✔An Affricate sound. What type of articulation is /y/? - Precise Answer ✔✔A Glide sound. What type of articulation is /r/? - Precise Answer ✔✔A Liquid sound. Which origin does the following come from? Short words with vowel teams, silent letters, and some of our more challenging configurations o ing = /ēng/ king o aw=/ô/ lawn o or = /er/ work o kn = /n/ knife - Precise Answer ✔✔Anglo-Saxon Origin Which origin does the following come from? Often found in math and science vocabulary • Includes o ch = /k/ o y=/ĭ/ o ph = /f/ school gym phone - Precise Answer ✔✔Greek Origin What marking is used to indicate a short vowel? - Precise Answer ✔✔A breve. What marking is used to indicate a long vowel? - Precise Answer ✔✔A Macron. a. oral language comprehension 91, decoding 89 b. oral language comprehension 94, Spelling 61 c. spelling 85, Oral Language Comprehension 80 d. Decoding 90, Oral Language Comprehension 72 - Precise Answer ✔✔b. Oral Language Comprehension 94, Spelling 61 *There was a very similar question on my KPEERI A group of Students is having problems with the following passage: Sonny, true love is the greatest thing in the world, except for a nice MLT: mutton, lettuce and tomato sandwich, where the mutton is nice and lean and the tomato is ripe. In what area might the teacher need to focus on with these students? a. decoding b. fluency c. syntax d. morphemes - Precise Answer ✔✔c. syntax *There was a very similar question on my KPEERI which of the following would be originated from the Greek language? a. act, acu, aud b. arthr, bio, crac c. dic, duct, dur d. s, -ing, -ed - Precise Answer ✔✔b. arthr, bio, crac *There was a very similar question on my KPEERI This term is the ability to match motor output with visual input. It is this gross monitoring that prevents us from writing on the desk or crossing over lines, and keeps us within margins. - Precise Answer ✔✔Visual- Motor Coordination in, ad, and ob, are examples of what? a. derivational suffixes b. connectives c. assimilated prefixes d. vowel teams - Precise Answer ✔✔c. assimilated prefixes *There was a very similar question on my KPEERI Which type of compounds usually have closed, open, and VCe syllables? a. greek b. latin c. Anglo-Saxon d. French - Precise Answer ✔✔c. Anglo-Saxon *There was a very similar question on my KPEERI What type of spelling error would this be: calerfol / colorful? a. orthographic b. phonological c. morphological d. animated - Precise Answer ✔✔b. phonological Great resource: https://www.region10.org/r10website/assets/File/Beyond %20Standardized%20Test%20Scores%20Handout%20Louisa %20Moats.pdf *There was a very similar question on my KPEERI What type of spelling error would this be: equilise / equalize? a. orthographic