Anatomy of the Vertebral Column: Structure, Functions, and Joints, Quizzes of Education Planning And Management

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Total number of vertebrae? 33 TERM 2 How many Vertebrae make up the flexible column? DEFINITION 2 24 TERM 3 What is the purpose of the vertebral column? DEFINITION 3 -provide support for upright posture -transfer and attenuate loads from the extremities -provide protective, flexible casing for the spinal cord -site of many muscle attachments TERM 4 Why are there structural differences between vertebrae? DEFINITION 4 to handle the load associated with the area the greater the load placed on the vertebrae the bigger it must be TERM 5 The primary curvature of the vertebral column? DEFINITION 5 Kyphotic

Curvature of the vertebral column located in the thoracic region? Kyphotic TERM 7 Curvature of the vertebral column where lateral curve toward the dominant hand is present? DEFINITION 7 Kyphotic TERM 8 Also known as the sacrococcygeal curve DEFINITION 8 Kyphotic TERM 9 The secondary curvature of the vertebral column? DEFINITION 9 Lordotic TERM 10 This curvature develops as a result of erect posture and associated external forces such as gravity DEFINITION 10 Lordotic

Vertebral column curvature located in the cervical region? Lordotic TERM 12 This region begins to develop when infants start to hold their heads upright? DEFINITION 12 Cervical Region TERM 13 This region begins to develop when infants start to sit upright. DEFINITION 13 Lumbar Region TERM 14 Which gender tends to have a more marked lumbar curve? DEFINITION 14 Females TERM 15 A vertebral unit is also called? DEFINITION 15 movement segment

Two adjacent vertebrae and the connective structures (including the disk) in between are known as? vertebral unit or movement segment TERM 17 Shape and thickness of disk depends on? DEFINITION 17 -location in vertebral column -varies within disk TERM 18 These disks have uniform thickness? DEFINITION 18 thoracic disk TERM 19 These disks are thicker anteriorly which contribute to curvature? DEFINITION 19 lumbar disk TERM 20 Disk provide for __of the height of the column. During disk degeneration people become ____? DEFINITION 20 1/5 Shorter

Inner gelatinous center of disk? Nucleus Pulposis TERM 22 Outer fibrous ring consisting of fibrocartilage? DEFINITION 22 Annulus Fibrosis TERM 23 What are the functions of a vertebral unit? DEFINITION 23 -store energy and distribute the load -allow for limited motions is 3 planes because disk increase the spinal column space. TERM 24 True/False? With time disk lose their ability to bind with water. This causes a loss of elasticity hindering their ability to st DEFINITION 24 True True TERM 25 What is the claasification of central joints? DEFINITION 25 amphiarthrotic, cartilaginous

What is the classification of lateral joints? Diarthrotic, gliding, nonaxial TERM 27 Joint that is found at the junction of the atlis and the occipital condyles of the occipital bone of the skull? DEFINITION 27 Atlanto-Occipital Joint TERM 28 What is the classification of the Atlanto- Occipital Joint? DEFINITION 28 diarthrotic, ellipsoidal TERM 29 ligament running from the anteior edge of foramen magnum to the anterior arch of the atlas? DEFINITION 29 Anterior Atlanto-Occipital ligament TERM 30 Ligament running from the posterior edge of the goramen magnum to the superior border or the posterior arch of the atlas? DEFINITION 30 Posterior Atlanto-Occipital Ligamnet

Ligament that is continuous with the Atlanto- Occipital joint capsal? Lateral Atlanto-Occipital Ligament TERM 32 What movements occur at the Atlanto- Occipital joint? DEFINITION 32 -Flexion/Extension -Lateral Flexion TERM 33 What is the ROM of FLX/EXT at the Atlanto- Occipital joint? DEFINITION 33 10-15 degrees TERM 34 What is the ROM of Lateral Flexion at the Atlanto-Occipital joint? DEFINITION 34 8 degrees TERM 35 What is the classification of the Atlanto-Axial Joint? DEFINITION 35 diarthrodial, pivot

The joint between the atlis and the axis is composed of ___(number) seperate joints? 3 TERM 37 Joint between the dens and the atlas? DEFINITION 37 Mean atlanto-axial joint TERM 38 Joint beteen the superior facets of axis and inferior facets of altas? DEFINITION 38 lateral joints of the atlanto-axial joint TERM 39 Ligament running from the anterior arch to the atlas of the axis that limits EXT? DEFINITION 39 Anterior Atlanto-Axial Ligament TERM 40 Ligament running from the posterior arch of the atlas to the the lamina of the axis that limits FLX? DEFINITION 40 Posterior Atlanto-Axial ligament

Ligament that runs side to side holding the dens in place and limits anterior dislocation of the dens? transverse atlanto-axial ligament TERM 42 Ligament running from the dens to the occipital bone of the skull that limits rotation and lateral FLX DEFINITION 42 alar ligament TERM 43 True/False? The left alar ligament limits left lateral FLX. The right alar ligament limits right lateral FLX. DEFINITION 43 False False TERM 44 What movements occur at the atlanto-axial joint? DEFINITION 44 -Rotation -Flextion/Extension TERM 45 What is the ROM of rotation at the atlanto- axial joint? DEFINITION 45 47 degrees which is 50% of total cervical rotation

What is the ROM of FLX/EXT at the atlanto- axial joint? 10 degrees TERM 47 What is the classification of the sacroiliac joint? DEFINITION 47 part sydesmosis, part diarthrodial gliding joint TERM 48 What bone(s) make up the sacroiliac joint? DEFINITION 48 -Sacrum -ilium TERM 49 What ligament supports the spinal column during extensionand prevents exessive extension? DEFINITION 49 Anterior Longitudinal ligament TERM 50 What ligament runs from the axis to the sacrum along the anterior surfaces of the vertebral bodies? DEFINITION 50 Anterior longitudinal ligament

What ligament runs from the axis to the sacrum, along the posterior surfaces of the bodies within the vertebral foramen? Posterior longitudinal ligament TERM 52 This ligament supports the spinal column during flexion and prevents excessive flexion? DEFINITION 52 posterior longitudinal ligament TERM 53 What ligament reinforces the anterior portion of the annulus fibrosis? DEFINITION 53 anterior longitudinal ligament TERM 54 What ligament reinforces the posterior portion of the annulus fibrosis? DEFINITION 54 posterior longitudinal ligament TERM 55 What ligament connect adjacent spinous processes? DEFINITION 55 interspinal ligament

What ligament limits flexion by preventing the adjacent spinous process from "excess" seperation during flexion? interspinal ligament TERM 57 What ligament connects ajacent transverse processes? DEFINITION 57 intertransverse ligament TERM 58 What ligament prevents excessive seperation of the transverse process during lateral flexion? DEFINITION 58 intertransverse ligament TERM 59 What ligament connects the laminae of adjacent vertebrae, along the entire length of the vertebral foramen? DEFINITION 59 ligmentum flavum TERM 60 What ligament's elasticity allows for seperation of the laminae during vertebral column flexion and limits flexion? DEFINITION 60 ligamentum flavum

What ligament connects the tip of spinous processes C7 to the sacrumand limits flexion? supraspinous ligament TERM 62 Ligament from superior portion of C7 to supraspinal ligament (occiput), a continuation of the supraspinal ligament. DEFINITION 62 ligamentum nuchae TERM 63 What ligament helps to hold the head up and limits flexion? DEFINITION 63 ligamentum nuchae TERM 64 What ligament runs from the posterior iliac crest to the tubercles of the sacral vertebrae? DEFINITION 64 sacroiliac ligament TERM 65 What ligament limits the amount of anterior and posterior pelvic tilt and keeps the ilium and sacrum in close approximation? DEFINITION 65 sacroiliac ligament

What ligament attaches to the superior and inferior bands that extend from the transverse processes of L4 and L5 to the iliac cr iliolumbar ligament TERM 67 What ligament holds L4 and L5 and the sacrum together? DEFINITION 67 iliolumbar ligament TERM 68 What ligament runs from the ischial tuberosity to the posterior spines of the ilium and the lateral sacrum and coccyxand limits DEFINITION 68 sacrotuberous ligament TERM 69 What ligament runs from the ischial spine to the lateral boder of the sacrum and coccyx and limits anterior pelvic tilt? DEFINITION 69 sacrospinous ligament TERM 70 What is the facet orientation in the cervical region? DEFINITION 70 45 degrees up from horizontal

What is associated with hip flexion and lumbosacral hyperextension? When the ASISs are in front of the PSISs. Anterior pelvic tilt TERM 72 What is associated with hip extension and lumbosacral flexion? When the ASIS are in back of PSISs. DEFINITION 72 posterior pelvic tilt TERM 73 What is the term to describe the right ASIS being lower than the left? DEFINITION 73 Right lateral tilt TERM 74 What is the term to describe when the left ASIS is lower than the right? DEFINITION 74 Left lateral tilt TERM 75 How many bones make up the cervical spine? DEFINITION 75 7

How many bones make up the thoracic spine? 12 TERM 77 How many bones make up the lumbar spine? DEFINITION 77 5 TERM 78 How many bones make up the sacrum? DEFINITION 78 5 fused vertebrae called "false" vertebrae TERM 79 How many bones make up the coccyx? DEFINITION 79 3-5 fused "false" vertebrae but generally 4 TERM 80 What is the attachment site for the interspinous and supraspinous ligaments as well as many muscles? DEFINITION 80 Spinous process

True/False? The angle of the spinous process influences the role muscles play at that level by changing the lever arms. True TERM 82 Main weigh bearing portion of vertebrae composed mostly of spongy bone? DEFINITION 82 body TERM 83 This bony landmark acts as levers for muscles? DEFINITION 83 Transverse process TERM 84 Where does the spinal chord pass? DEFINITION 84 Vertebral foramen TERM 85 What is the name of the first cervical vertebrae? DEFINITION 85 Atlas

What is the name of the second cervical vertebrae? Axis TERM 87 Dens is another name for what? DEFINITION 87 odontoid process TERM 88 In the cerebral vertebrae, vertebral arteries,and cranial nerves pass through what structure? DEFINITION 88 transverse foramen TERM 89 What movement takes place at the glenohumeral joint? DEFINITION 89 -FLX/EXT -IR/ER -ABd/ADd -Horizontal ABd/ADd TERM 90 What is the classification of the sternoclavicular joint? DEFINITION 90 double diarthrodial, triaxial gliding joint

What joint makes up the only articulation between the shoulder girdle and trunk? sternoclavicular joint TERM 92 What is the purpose coracohumeral ligament? DEFINITION 92 strengthens the superior aspect of the capsule and prevents dislocation TERM 93 What is the purpose of costoclavicular ligament? DEFINITION 93 holds clavicle down in joint to maintain articulation with sternum TERM 94 What is the purpose of the articular disk? DEFINITION 94 improves fit, provides shock absorption, prevents dislocation TERM 95 What is the classification of the scapulothoracic joint? DEFINITION 95 not a true joint... just an articulation

What is the classification of the acromioclavicular joint? diarthrodial gliding joint TERM 97 What movements occur at the sternoclavicular joint? DEFINITION 97 none TERM 98 What bones of the elbow form a pivot joint? DEFINITION 98 radius ulna TERM 99 What is the classification of the humeroulnar joint? DEFINITION 99 hinge joint TERM 100 True/False? In full ext. there is no contact between the capitulum and the radial head. DEFINITION 100 True

True/False? In full flex the rim of the radial head slides into the capitulotrochlear groove and touches the radial fossa. True TERM 102 What is the purpose of the lateral (radial) collateral ligament at the elbow? DEFINITION 102 Prevent adduction and medial movment of the ulna TERM 103 What is the classification of the proximal radioulnar joint? DEFINITION 103 pivot joint TERM 104 What is the classification of the radiocarpal joint? DEFINITION 104 Condyloid joint TERM 105 What is the purpose of the Radial Collateral ligament of the wrist? DEFINITION 105 prevents excessive ulnar deviation of the wrist

What is the classification of the midcarpal joint? modified hinge joint TERM 107 What structure holds tendons and other structures in tight to the wrist on the posterior aspect? DEFINITION 107 Extensor retinaculum TERM 108 What is the purpose of the glenohumeral ligament? DEFINITION 108 Strengthens the anterior aspect of the joint TERM 109 What is the purpose of the coracoclavicular joint? DEFINITION 109 holds the clavicle down in the joint to maintain articulation with the sternum TERM 110 What movements take place at the acromioclavicular joint? DEFINITION 110 -Flx/Ext -ABd/ADd

What is the purpose of the posterior sternoclavicular ligament? prevents anterior movement/dislocation of clavicle TERM 112 When you pronate you forearm, the ___ rotates in the ___ and the radius and ulna are___. DEFINITION 112 styloid process on ulna ulnar notch, corssed TERM 113 What is the classification of the humeroradial joint? DEFINITION 113 gliding joint TERM 114 At the distal end of the forearm when you supinate your forearem, the ___ slides over the ___ and the radius and ulna are? DEFINITION 114 ulnar notch of the radius ulnar head of the ulna parallel TERM 115 What bones of the hand articulate to form a saddle joint? DEFINITION 115 trapezium of the carpal bone and the thumb's metacarpal

What structure lines the shoulder joint thickening the edges of the socket, helping to improve stability and absorbing shock? glenoid labrum TERM 117 What is the purpose of the articular capsule of the glenohumeral joint? DEFINITION 117 provides greater ROM, stability and reduces friction TERM 118 What is the purpose of the acromioclavicular ligament? DEFINITION 118 strengthens superior joint and allows slight gliding and rotation TERM 119 What is the purpose of the annular ligament? DEFINITION 119 holds head of radius in radial notch TERM 120 What mov't takes place at the radiocarpal joint? DEFINITION 120 -Flx/Ext -ulnar/radial deviation -circumduction

What is the classification of the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb? saddle joint TERM 122 The shape of the carpal tunnel is maintained by? DEFINITION 122 the flexor reinaculum TERM 123 What movement(s) take place at the metacapophalangeal joint of the thumb? DEFINITION 123 -Flx/Ext TERM 124 At the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb what movement takes place? DEFINITION 124 -Flx/Ext TERM 125 What is the classification of the acromioclavicular ligament? DEFINITION 125 diarthrodial gliding joint