LETRS Phonics Training Units 1 - 4 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE 100% VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 2024/20, Exams of English Literature

Download LETRS Phonics Training Units 1 - 4 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE 100% VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 2024/20 and more Exams English Literature in PDF only on Docsity! LETRS Phonics Training Units 1 - 4 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE 100% VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 2024/2025 What characteristic makes English a "deep" alphabetic orthography? Its spelling system represents meaningful parts (morphemes) as well as sounds. Which statement most accurately describes how the human brain has evolved to process spoken and written language? Our brains have evolved to process spoken language much more easily than alphabetic writing. Which skills are least correlated with reading comprehension in children? visual-motor skills and visual-spatial reasoning According to the Simple View of Reading model, which is more important to reading comprehension—word recognition or language comprehension? Both are equally important. According to the 2015 National Assessment of Educational Progress, what percentage of fourth- grade students have scored "basic" or "below basic" in reading? 64% nationally, with African-American and Hispanic students making up a disproportionate amount Which of these is an example of morphology? We know the words unique, uniform, united, and universe all contain the root uni, meaning "one." How does the language system of pragmatics help us to understand why written language is more structured than spoken language? Social context and nonverbal gestures help the listener understand spoken language, so there is less need for it to be highly structured. Which statement best describes the relative importance of oral reading fluency and verbal comprehension as factors in reading comprehension? As children get older, verbal comprehension becomes more important than oral reading fluency. What adds to the challenge of becoming literate? Select all that apply. All meaning resides in the written words alone; there is no additional physical context or gestures, facial expressions, etc., to support meaning. -AND- Reading and writing require learning new forms of language, such as changes to sentence structure, discourse, and presentation of vocabulary and semantics. Which is a characteristic of discourse in spoken language? It does not use paragraphs and tends to be disorganized. English vowels are easier for students to pronounce and write than consonants. False What makes r-controlled vowel sounds so confusing for students? The r takes over the preceding vowel sound. Which of the following sounds is considered a front vowel? /ā/ Which of the following vowels require that the mouth shift position during production of the sound? Select all that apply. /oi/ -AND- /ou/ Spanish has 22 phonemes represented by 27 symbols, compared to English's 44 phonemes and 26 symbols. True The variations common in African American English are predictable and governed by rules. True Which of the following misspellings likely results from confusion about unaspirated or deaspirated stop consonants? spelling skip as "sgip" In which group of words does a tongue flap create significant differences between American and British pronunciations? cattle, city, metal Students in Ehri's prealphabetic phase need instruction in basic oral language skills before manipulating phonemes. True Sound chaining should begin with substituting the middle sounds and end sounds in a word, as these are most difficult. false Which activities work with students at the early phonological awareness level? Select all that apply. having students identify rhyming words in texts you read aloud -AND- having students clap or tap to count the syllables in a word you say -AND- saying a two-syllable word, then asking students to delete one syllable and say the word that results A colleague is going to start beginning sound chaining activities with students at the basic phonemic awareness level, using colored blocks to represent sounds. What is the most important guideline to follow? Have students add, change, delete, or move only ONE sound at a time. Which of the following principles are important for teaching phonological skills in particular? Select all that apply. Focus students' attention on speech sounds before focusing on letters. -AND- include all English phonemes in instruction. Have students do timed and untimed readings of graded word lists; sight words should be recognized within one second. Kasey has solid phonemic awareness and knows all 26 letters. Her phonetic spellings of speech sounds are logical, but she is just learning to spell words. Which phase best describes her? later alphabetic Knowledge of letter names in kindergarten is an excellent predictor of later reading success. True Students should establish a habit of trying to blend all the sounds in a word before they "adjust" or "flex" the pronunciation to make a real word. True Which activities are recommended to help students develop visual-motor skills before they learn to form letters? Select all that apply. tracing and drawing geometric shapes -AND- drawing circles and lines on sandpaper -AND- skywriting in the air with large movements Which guideline(s) should teachers follow when choosing key words for sound-spelling cards? Select all that apply. Avoid words in which nasalization affects the way a vowel is pronounced, such as angry for /ă/. -AND- Avoid words in which a consonant appears as part of a blend, such as stop for /s/ -AND- Avoid words with phonemes that sound like letter names, like empty (m - t). Which activity is best for helping students distinguish between easily confused speech sounds such as /k/ and /g/? a word chain using minimally contrasting pairs Which activities provide direct practice working with word meaning? Select all that apply. word webs -AND- word classification Open sort activities are most appropriate for advanced students who already know how to look for an orthographic pattern. True Word chain activities should use real words only. False How often should teachers introduce students to new irregular, high-frequency words? 3-5 times a week Which is the best definition of the term sight words? any words a reader can recognize instantly and read Sentence dictation routines should include reminders about basic writing conventions (e.g., capitalization, end punctuation). true Pattern words that are easy to read are also easy for students to spell. False Leveled texts are ranked on objective readability criteria, gradually becoming more difficult as students progress through the levels. False If a teacher follows a systematic process for transferring phonics skills to text, it's reasonable to expect students to read a decodable passage independently after a week of instruction. True Students are reading a decodable text that uses only pattern words or high-frequency words students have been taught. What level of reading accuracy is reasonable to expect? 95% Over the course of a week of phonics instruction, which step in the Transfer to Text Process is the first that can be phased out? Practice reading skill words in isolation before reading them in a passage. A school library has available a series of lavishly illustrated predictable texts written in verse. What are the most appropriate ways to use these in the classroom? Use them as teacher read-alouds to enhance oral language and comprehension skills. The quality of Tier 2 and Tier 3 instruction is the most important variable affecting student progress in grades K-3. False Successful implementation of an RTI or MTSS model depends on collaboration among all faculty. True What proportion of students are likely to need Tier 2 or Tier 3 instruction even when Tier 1 instruction is effective? at least 20% Based on the assessment data presented in this session, what can you conclude about how teachers professional development (PD) affects students' performance outcomes? PD to build teacher expertise and provide coaching supports significantly improved student performance. Your district has selected a solid, research-based core instructional program for reading. Which guideline best explains how an individual teacher should implement this program? Follow it, but if necessary supplement it, or adjust the pacing to meet students' needs. Which of the following is not one of the strands in Scarborough's Reading Rope? guided reading How can code-emphasis or phonics-emphasis instruction be used most effectively? when organized around a logical progression of pattern words that have been taught Which word group might a teacher include in a lesson focused on identification of consonant blends? blink, frog, twist Which word group might a teacher include in a lesson focused on reviewing consonant digraphs? thorn, show, chase In a complete phonics lesson of 30-40 minutes, which activity would typically not be included? partner reading of a trade book of high interest to the students Of all the phonic correspondences represented in these words, which pattern is likely to be learned after the others? gale Which of the following tasks would best provide practice for learning letter formation in kindergarten? tracing a model following numbered arrows on lined paper What is the best key word to put on a sound-symbol card to teach short e, /ĕ/. echo A good phonics lesson should include opportunities for students to directly apply the phoneme- grapheme relationships that have been explicitly taught. Which text type would best provide the practice needed? decodable text Which of the following is the best example of a well-designed word list for a word chaining activity? rat, chat, chap, chip, rip, rap A first-grade teacher has posted a word wall using alphabetical order to list the high-frequency words the students must learn. For example, under A are the words aunt, along, an, add, April, and above. How could the teacher best ensure that students will recognize and spell words that begin with a? Teach systematic decoding of sound-symbol correspondences beginning with short a. What is true about the relationship between reading and spelling? Spelling is generally harder than reading because the exact letters of the word must be recalled. Direct instruction in word structure (as distinct from phonics instruction) improves accuracy and automaticity in reading. True Many common English words combine simple Anglo-Saxon words with Greek-derived forms. False Proficient word reading requires using the mental process called: orthographic mapping.