Lifeguard Recertification and Training, Exams of Nursing

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AMERICAN RED CROSS LIFEGUARDING FINAL WRITTEN EXAM 2024/2025 What is the primary responsibility of a lifeguard?-Answer ✔✔To prevent drowning and other injuries from occurring at their aquatic facility Provide three examples of how lifeguards fulfill their primary responsibility.-Answer ✔✔Monitoring activities in and near the water through patron surveillance, Administering first aid, CPR, and AED, and Working as a team with other lifeguards, facility staff, and management List five examples of secondary responsibilities that should never interfere with patron surveillance.-Answer ✔✔Testing pool water chemistry, Assist patrons by performing safety orientations, administrating swim tests, fitting life jackets, and other duties, Cleaning or performing maintenance, Completing records and reports, and Performing opening duties, closing duties, or facility safety checks and inspections List five characteristics of a professional lifeguard.-Answer ✔✔Knowledgeable and skilled, Reliable, Mature, Courteous and consistent, and Positive Lifeguards should always do what?-Answer ✔✔Be attentive and sit or stand upright when on surveillance duty A lifeguard is texting while on surveillance duty and fails to recognize a swimmer in distress. What legal principle could be a problem for this lifeguard?-Answer ✔✔Negligence List the five steps that a lifeguard should take when obtaining consent from an injured or ill person before providing first aid or emergency care.-Answer ✔✔State your name, State your level of training, Ask if you may help, Explain that you would like to assess them to find out what you think may be wrong or what you can do to help What is the validity period of an American Red Cross Lifeguarding certification?-Answer ✔✔Two years How does an American Red Cross certified lifeguard get recertified?- Answer ✔✔Going through the Lifeguard class or course again Why is it important to attend a pre-season orientation and training?- Answer ✔✔To ensure that lifeguards understand their responsibilities and know how to perform their job, To ensure that lifeguards get practice with their facility's safety and rescue equipment and emergency action plans, and To ensure lifeguards understand codes, rules, and regulations of the facility What does EAP stand for?-Answer ✔✔Emergency Action Plan used.)-Answer ✔✔Backboards are used to remove victims from the water when they are unable to exit the water on their own or when they have a possible injury to the head, neck, or spine and first aid kits include supplies used to treat common injuries at aquatic facilities As a lifeguard you are responsible for consistently enforcing what?- Answer ✔✔Your facility's rules and regulations List the five common rules and regulations often posted at an aquatic facility.-Answer ✔✔Swim only when a lifeguard is on duty, No running, pushing, or rough play, Dive in designated areas, No swimming with open or infected wounds, and No alcoholic beverages or drug use allowed Explain what it means to be "equipped and rescue-ready."-Answer ✔✔You are wearing or carrying the appropriate rescue equipment for your facility and ready to enter the water to perform a rescue What is a good list of typical safety checklist items, along with others, applies to a lakefront swimming area?-Answer ✔✔Bottom conditions, pier attachments, buoys, and safety lines What is a list of typical rules that applies to a lakefront swimming area?- Answer ✔✔No swimming under piers and no fishing near swimming area In general there are three types of swimmers in distress or drowning victims. List each type with three observable characteristics for each.- Answer ✔✔Distressed swimmer - May be able to keep their face out of the water - May be able to call or wave for help - Floating, sculling, or treading water Active drowning victim - Not able to call for help - Has extended their arms to the side or front, pressing down for support - Is positioned vertically with an ineffective kick Passive drowning victim - Might float face down at or near the surface or might sink to the bottom - May be limp or have slight convulsive-type movements - Has no defined arm or leg action, no locomotion, and no breathing What type of station puts you close to the patrons to easily make assists?-Answer ✔✔Ground-Level Stations What type of station is used in waterfront facilities to patrol the outer edge of a swimming area?-Answer ✔✔Floating Stations What type of station is ideal for a single guard facility?-Answer ✔✔Elevated Station What type of station is good to use with a crowded zone?-Answer ✔✔Roving Stations A lifeguard on duty should be able to recognize and reach a drowning victim within how much time?-Answer ✔✔30 seconds The size of a zone should allow for a lifeguard to recognize an emergency, reach the victim, extricate and provide ventilation's within how much time? Explain why.-Answer ✔✔1 1/2 to 2 minutes because in that amount of time you might be able to resuscitate the victim What is the difference between total and zone coverage?-Answer ✔✔Total coverage - When only one lifeguard is conducting patron surveillance for an entire pool while on duty. Zone coverage - When the swimming area is divided into separate zones, with one zone for each lifeguard station. Lifeguards should be actively ___________ their zones, because ___________ .-Answer ✔✔Searching their zones because they need to recognize signs indicating that someone may need help. Which scanning challenge often occurs at waterfronts but should not exist at pools?-Answer ✔✔Murky water Who normally provides training for watercraft used at some waterfront facilities?-Answer ✔✔Facility management List the three major strategies a lifeguard can use to help prevent injuries at an aquatic facility.-Answer ✔✔1) Safety checks 2) Enforcing rules 3) Recognize changing water and weather conditions List three things that can help determine if a life jacket is appropriate for use.-Answer ✔✔1) Jacket is appropriately sized for patron 2) Jacket is properly worn 3) Jacket is in good working condition Many facilities have unique challenges that demand different kinds of surveillance. For each situation listed below, list two guidelines you should keep in mind when providing surveillance for patrons.-Answer ✔✔Guarding areas for young children: 1) Children might get list so remind parents to keep an eye on their children 2) Watch out for children using the pool as a toilet Play structures: 1) Watch for overcrowding and horseplay on structures 2) Pay attention to patron moving in water as moving water can surprise people and they may lose their balance Identify three strategies for ensuring safe group visits.-Answer ✔✔1) Safety orientations 2) Designation of swim areas 3) Identification of group leaders or adult chaperones Why is it important to educate your patrons about safety in, on and around the water?-Answer ✔✔So they can know about the risks that can cause injury and how to use equipment and follow rules to prevent behaviors that lead to injury. You are in the lifeguard office taking a break from surveillance duty and a camp counselor requests a swim test for a new camper. You use the Red Cross water competency sequence to conduct a swim test. Describe these steps in order:-Answer ✔✔1) Enter the water and completely submerge. 2) Recover to the surface and remain there for at least 1 minute (floating or treading). 3) Rotate 360 degrees and orient to the exit. 4) Level off and propel oneself on the front or the back through the water for at least 25 yards. 5) Exit from the water At waterfront facilities using swim tests for group visits, areas for nonswimmers should:-Answer ✔✔Be separated from the swimmer area with a continuous barrier, such as a pier or buoyed lifeline. Why should an EAP be facility specific?-Answer ✔✔Because every facility is designed differently, different equipment, and different response. Provide three examples of situation-based EAPs.-Answer ✔✔1) Water Emergency- passive victim 2)Water Emergency- active victim 3)Land Emergency- injury or illness What are the EAP actions for a situation where the victim is responsive and does not require additional care?-Answer ✔✔1) Signal 2) Rescue 3) Report, advise, release 4) Equipment check/corrective action 5) Return to duty Describe the actions of the additional safety team members listed below during a rescue where the victim is unresponsive and requires additional emergency care.-Answer ✔✔Other lifeguards: 1) The water or land rescue and providing emergency care 2) Back-up zone coverage or clearing the area List the general procedures, in order, for situations involving a water rescue.-Answer ✔✔1) Activate the emergency action plan 2) Enter the water, if necessary 3) Perform an appropriate rescue 4) Move the victim to a safe exit point 5) Remove the victim from water 6) Provide emergency care as needed 7) Report, advise, and release What are some factors that should be considered when deciding how to enter the water?-Answer ✔✔- Location of victim - Condition of victim - Location of other swimmers - Your location - Type of equipment used - Facility setup - Water depth Which type of entry would you use if: You are seated on an elevated lifeguard stand in the deep end during recreational swim and spot a passive-drowning victim. The area surrounding your station is clear of patrons and objects.-Answer ✔✔Compact Jump Which type of entry would you use if: You are searching your zone from an elevated station when you spot a patron who appears to have a head injury as a result of diving in shallow water.-Answer ✔✔Slide In Entry Which type of entry would you use if: You spot an active drowning victim while searching your zone from a ground-level station located in the middle of the pool where the water is 4' deep.-Answer ✔✔Slide In Entry Which type of entry would you use if: You are searching your new zone as you walk toward the elevated lifeguard stand in the deep end before a rotation and you spot an active drowning victim.-Answer ✔✔Stride Jump Which type of entry would you use if: You have just rotated to a roving station during open swim at a crowded waterfront and spot a swimmer in distress.-Answer ✔✔Slide In Entry What are the two most common assists and when should each be used?- Answer ✔✔1) Simple Assist 2) Reaching Assist You are approaching a victim who is vertical in the water, near the surface in 4 feet of water. The victim is facing you and appears to be unconscious.-Answer ✔✔Passive Victim Front Rescue You are approaching a child who is facing away from you and struggling to keep their head above water.-Answer ✔✔Active Victim Rear Rescue You are approaching a victim from behind who appears to be unconscious.-Answer ✔✔Passive Victim Rear Rescue A victim in the water is not breathing.-Answer ✔✔Always remove a victim who is not breathing from the water as soon as possible to provide care. However, if doing so will delay care, then perform in- water ventilations until you can remove the victim. What are four core objectives in any rescue situation?-Answer ✔✔1) Ensure the safety of the victim, yourself and others in the vicinity. This includes the entry, approach, rescue, removal and care provided. 2) Use a rescue technique that is appropriate and effective for the situation.