Marine Corps History and Operations, Exams of Military leadership

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What does ORM stand for? - ✔✔Operational Risk Management Define ORM - ✔✔A risk mitigation tool used by people at all levels to increase operational effectiveness and reduce the potential for loss. What is the five step process of ORM? - ✔✔Identify Hazards Assess Hazards Make Risk Decisions Implement Controls Supervise List the 4 principles of ORM? - ✔✔Accept risk when benefit outweighs the cost Accept no unnecessary risk Anticipate and manage risks by planning Make risk decisions at right level When should hearing protection be worn? - ✔✔sound levels greater than 84 DBA (8hrs) or 140 peak sound levels. When should double hearing protection be worn? - ✔✔sound levels greater than 104 DBA (8HRS) Define hazardous material? - ✔✔Any material that because of its quantity, concentration or physical or chemical properties may pose a hazard to human health or the environment if used incorrectly, purposefully released or accidentally spilled. Define hazardous waste? - ✔✔discarded material (solid, liquid or gas) that meets definition of hazardous material.

Who decides what is hazardous waste? - ✔✔Environmental protection Agency or the State. What does MSDS stand for? - ✔✔Material Safety Data Sheet. What is the MSDS? - ✔✔A technical bulletin that contains information on a materials compositions, physical and chemical properties , health hazards, and precautions for safe handling. Define Hazard? - ✔✔Condition with the potential to cause injury, death, property damage or mission degradation. Define Risk? - ✔✔Expression of possible loss in terms or probability and severity. Define Risk Assessment? - ✔✔Process of detecting hazards and assessing associated risks. What happened in 1775? - ✔✔Marine Corps was created on 10NOV1775 in Philadelphia PA @ Tun Tavern by CAPT Samuel Nicholas. He was considered the 1st Commandant of the Marine Corps and raised 2 battalions of Marines. When did the Marine Corps fall under the Department of the Navy? - ✔✔ 1834 The ____ amended in ____ states the current structure of the Marine Corps. - ✔✔The National Security Act of 1947 , amended in 1952 What happened in 1776? - ✔✔Marines invaded New Providence Island (Bahamas) and seized guns and supplies. The uniform of the day was a stiff leather stock worn around the neck hence the name leather neck. What happened in 1805? - ✔✔Marines stormed the Barbary pirates strong hold @ Derma on the Shores of Tripoli. It was also the 1st time the Stars and Stripes were raised on the Eastern Hemisphere.

What happened in 1847? - ✔✔Marines occupied the Halls of Montezuma during the Battle of Chapultepec during the Mexican war. Marines also helped take California. What happened in 1859? - ✔✔Under the command of COL Robert E. Lee, Marines stormed the US Arsenal @ Harper's Ferry to put down an attempted slave revolt led by abolitionist John Brown. What happened in 1868? - ✔✔Marine Corps adopted the EGA. Adopted by Brigadier General Jacob Zelin ( 7th Commandant of the Marine Corps) What happened in 1883? - ✔✔Marine Corps adopted the offical motto Semper Fidelis. What happened in 1900? - ✔✔Marines from Asiatic Station helped defend the American Legation in Peeking China during the Boxer Rebellion. What happened in 1913? - ✔✔Marine Corps established its 1st aviation unit. 1st Pilot was MAJ Alfred A. Cunningham. What happened in 1917? - ✔✔Marines landed as part of the American Landing Force in Paris participating in 8 distinct operations, distinguishing themselves and were awarded several decorations, among them were the french fourregere still worn by the 5th and 6th Marines. What happened in 1933? - ✔✔Marine Corps was reorganized into the Fleet Marine Force. The Marine Corps Equipment Board was also established in Quantico VA. What happened in 1965? - ✔✔Marines landed in South Vietnam, committing the the longest war in history and participating in several offensive operations and taking part in the local pacification program to win the support of the local populace. Marines also landed in the Dominican Republic to evacuate and protect US citizens from an attempted coupe of the local government. 1982? - ✔✔Marines deployed the Lebanon as a multi national peacekeeping force to restore order the the worn-torn country.

What happened on 23 OCT 1983? - ✔✔suicide truck bomb attacked the HQ building in Lebanon killing 241 Americans and injuring 70 others. The last unit withdrew in JUL1984. What happened in 1991? - ✔✔Operation Desert Storm was launched after Iraqi Government failed to comply with the United Nation's resolutions. What happened in 2001? - ✔✔After 11SEP2001 Attacks on NYC and Washington DC, Marines deployed to the Arabian Sea, and on 25NOV2001 the 15th MEU arrived in Afghanistan just south of Kandahar and set up the first fortified base called Camp Rhino. What is the name of the mission that cut of supply and escape routes south of Kandahar to cripple the local terrorist groups. - ✔✔Operation Swift Freedom. What happened in 2003? - ✔✔19MAR2003 Launch of OIF to destroy Saddam Hussiens government and his political Baath party (took 3 weeks) On 23-29MAR2003 2D MEB ( Task Force Tarawa) captures 2/3 key bridges on the Euphrates on the advance to Baghdad. What happened in 2004? - ✔✔31 MAR 2004 ,Iraqi insurgents ambushed a convoy and killed 4 blackwater agents providing security for a local food truck. In APR 2004 Operation Vigilant Resolve launched to capture or kill insurgents responsible for deaths of backwater team What happened in 2004 (B) - ✔✔07NOV2004 - 13 NOV2004 Operation Phantom Furry ( Al Fajr - The Dawn) "Arabic" was launched to recapture the city of Fallujah. The battle resulted in 1,350 insurgent deaths , 95 American deaths, and 560 wounded. It was considered the bloodiest battle of Iraq. Describe what happened at the Battle of Belleu Wood? - ✔✔Marines helped crush the German Offensive that threatened Paris. German Intel rated the Marines as Storm Troops, the highest on the enemy fighting scale. Due to the Marines ferocious fighting abilities the Germans called them teufelhunden or devil dogs. In honor of the Marines who fought @ Belleu Wood, the French renamed the area what? - ✔✔The Wood of the Brigade of Marines.

What happened at the Battle of Guadalcanal? - ✔✔07AUG1942 1MARDIV landed on the beaches of Guadalcanal and launched the 1st land offensive of WW2 , testing its new amphibious doctrine and amphibious landings on New Georgia, Feint, Bougainville. What happened at the Battle of Tarawa? - ✔✔Marines invaded the Gilbert Islands to capture the Tarawa Atoll but faced heavy casualties because landing crafts could not extend beyond the reefs causing marines to be exposed to heavy machine gun fire. Many drowned. The Japanese Commander stated "it would take a million Marines 100 years to conquer the island" On 20NOV1943 Marines took the island in 76 hours. What happened at the Battle of Mariana Islands? - ✔✔Due to the need for advance naval bases and airfields, LT General Holland Smith led an combined force of 136,000 marines and soldiers to capture the Mariana Islands ( Saipan, Guam, and Tinian). What happened at the Battle of Iwo Jima? - ✔✔19FEB1945 Marines landed on Iwo Jima committing to the largest all marine and bloodiest battle in Marine Corps history. What happened at the Battle of Chosin Reservoir? - ✔✔In NOV 1950 Marines were cut of by Chinese communist forces after pushing far into N Korea smashing through 7/10 division size forces and still brought out all equipment, evacd all dead and wounded, and maintained tactical integrity. What happened at the battle of Hue City? - ✔✔During Tet holiday of 1968 a division size Vietnamese communist force launched a surprise offensive by infiltration local major populace centers in the city. Marines fought in built up areas for 1st time since Korean war and the battle was measure with progress in yards. When was the Hue City Secured? - ✔✔25FEB Who was Archibald Henderson? - ✔✔Brigadier General Henderson known as the grand old man of the marine corps became commandant in 1820 and held command until his death in 1859. Who was John Quick? - ✔✔Sergeant Major John Quick won the medal of honor for semaphoring the emergency lift of naval bombardment under Spanish and American shellfire @ Guantanamo Bay.

Who was Dan Daly? - ✔✔Sergeant Major Dan Daly won 2 medal of honors for his actions in 1st Caco War and during the Boxer Rebellion. What is the famous quote said by Dan Daly? - ✔✔During the Battle of Belleu Wood Gysgt Daly @ the time stated " Come on you son's of bitches, Do you want to live for ever ?" Who was Louis B. "Chesty" Puller? - ✔✔Lt General Puller was known for leading 32 marines to engage rebel groups and bandits while scouring the jungles of Nicaragua to the Honduran border. Known as (Tiger of the mountains) 1930 Who was Gregory "Pappy" Boyington? - ✔✔Known as the Marine Corps top flying ace with 28 kills (1945) He commanded the VMH-214 " Black Sheep" Who was Ira H. Hayes? - ✔✔A prima Indian famous for the 2nd flag raising on Mount Suribachi. Who was Opha Mae Johnson? - ✔✔1st female enlisted Marine 13AUG1918. Who was Margaret A. Brewer? - ✔✔1st female General Officer 11MAY1978. She also served as the 7th and last Director of Women Marines. 1973- 1977 Who was Robert E. Bush? - ✔✔Earned Medal of honor serving with 1stMARDIV during Battle of Okinawa for providing care to several marines braving artillery, mortar and machine gun fire and the loss of his eye. He is famous for holding plasma in 1 hand and emptying a pistol into Japanese forces responsible. for 6 enemy casualties Who was John "Jack" Bradley? - ✔✔received Navy Cross for actions during Battle of Iwo Jima for braving mortar and machine gun fire and providing care to several marines and dragged his patient 30 yards through intense enemy fire to safety. Who was Robert R. Ingram? - ✔✔Earned medal of honor while serving in Vietnam for providing care to several marines and a corpsman despite 4 bullet wounds, 1 of which was life threatening.

What are the 7 elements of the Marine Corps Mission? - ✔✔1.) Provide FMF with combined arms and support air components for service with US Fleet in seizure of advanced naval bases. 2.) Provide detachments for service on armed vessels and security detachments for protection of naval bases and stations 3.) Develop in coordination with Army, Navy , and Airforce the doctrine, tactics, and techniques for amphibious operations. 4.) Provide Marines for airborne operations 5.) Develop in coordination with Army, Navy, and Airforce the doctrine procedures and equipment for airborne operations 6.)Expand peacetime components to meet wartime needs. 7.) Performs other duties as the president may direct. What are the two types of chain of commands? - ✔✔Service and Operational Name the 3 Marine Corps Operating Forces? - ✔✔Marine Forces, Marine Corps Security Forces, and Marine Secuity Guard. Describe Marine Forces? - ✔✔employed as part of Naval Expeditionary forces or separately as part of larger combined forces. MARFORCOM located in Virginia , MARFORPAC located in Hawaii. Describe Marine Security Forces? - ✔✔Approx 3,400 marines who protect key naval installations around the globe. Describe Marine Security Guard? - ✔✔Defend embassies and consulates at 121 diplomatic post in 115 countries. What does a MAGTF stand for? - ✔✔Marine Air Ground Task Force. What is a MAGTF? - ✔✔Marine corps principle organization for the conduct of all missions.

What are the types of MAGTFs? - ✔✔MEF, MEB, MEU, SPMAGTF. A Marine Division is formed around what? - ✔✔infantry organization with requisite artillery, recon, armor, and engineering forces. What are the 7 maritime special operations a MEU SOC can perform? - ✔✔Recon and Surveillance Specialized Demolitions Tactical recovery of aircraft and personnel Seizure/ recovery of offshore- energy facilities Seizure / recovery of selected personnel or materials. Visit, Board, Search, Seizure of Vessels. In extremists hostage recovery. Who is the Reporting Senior? - ✔✔Commanding Officer What is the difference between by direction and delegated reporting senior? - ✔✔Signing by direction is temporary by delegated reporting seniors are permanent. Who can act as the enlisted reporting senior for E-4 and below? - ✔✔E-7 to E- 9 Who is usually the rater? - ✔✔E-7 or higher Who is usually the Senior rater? - ✔✔Division Officer or Department Head. Discuss the purpose of performance counseling? - ✔✔Mid term counseling used to identify strengths and weaknesses of ones performance. What are the 3 types of reports? - ✔✔Regular Concurrent

Operational Commander Report What are regular reports used for? - ✔✔cover day to day basis for active duty or reserve personnel. What are Concurrent reports? - ✔✔optional reports that cover performance while TAD. What are Operational commander reports? - ✔✔optional reports submitted on commanding officers or OIC's Describe the Admin block? - ✔✔identify the report, define context in which it was received, and make it informative for detailers and selection boards. Describe the Comments block? - ✔✔Performance based on verifiable facts. Do no include information such as pending NJPs or Medical Boards. Bullet form is preferred. What are the promotion recommendation summary groups? - ✔✔SP = 2. Progressing= 3. Promotable = 3. Must Promote = 3. Early Promote = 4. What are the rights and responsibilites of the member in terms of evaluations? - ✔✔Members must sign eval unless impossible to due so. Right to Submit a statement (within 2 years) Right to receive a Copy of Eval. What is the Evaluation Instruction? - ✔✔BUPERSINST1610. When is an endorsement used? - ✔✔to forward comments, recommendations, information or to redirect a letter.

What is a memorandum? - ✔✔An informal means of communication within a command. What is the NAVPERS 1070/602? - ✔✔Dependency Application Record/ Record of Emergency Data What is NAVPERS 1070/604? - ✔✔Enlisted Qualifications history What is NAVPERS 1070/605? - ✔✔History of Assignments. What is NAVPERS 1070/613 - ✔✔Administrative Remarks What are the types of court martial? - ✔✔Summary, Special, General A summary court martial can adjudge an punishment not forbidden by the UCMJ except what? - ✔✔Confinement with hard labor for more than 1 month Hard labor without confinement for 45 days restriction for more than 2 months forfeiture of more than 1 months pay Who cannot refuse a Summay court martial? - ✔✔Members aboard a ship. Conviction by a gereral or special court martial constitutes what? - ✔✔A felony. Define sexual harassment? - ✔✔Influencing, offering to influence or threatening the career, pay or job of another in exchange for sexual favors; deliberate or repeated offensive gestures/ comments Define sexual assault? - ✔✔intentional sexual contact characterized by use of force, physical threat, or abuse of authority when the victim cannot consent.

Define Hazing? - ✔✔Conduct where one member causes another to be exposed to activity which is cruel, abusive or humiliating. Hazing violates what Marine Corps Order? - ✔✔MCO 1700. Define Suicide awareness? - ✔✔preventable loss that impacts unit morale, readiness and mission effectiveness. What are the 4 Navy's suicide prevention elements? - ✔✔Training Intervention Response Reporting What does EDVR stand For? - ✔✔Enlisted Distribution Verification Report. What are the 9 common elements found in a combat environment? - ✔✔Violent, unnerving sights and sounds Casualties Confusion and lack of Information Isolation Communications breakdown Individual discomfort and physical fatigue Fear, Stress, mental fatigue Continuous operations Homesickness What are characteristic that help marines overcome fear? - ✔✔Morale Discipline Espirit De Corps

Proficiency Motivation What is the 6 troop leading step? - ✔✔BAMCIS What does BAMCIS stand for? - ✔✔Begin Planning Arrange Recon Make Recon Complete the Plan Issue the Order Supervise What is article 1 of the code of conduct? - ✔✔I am an American fighting in the Armed Forces which guard my country and our way of life. I am prepared to give my life in their defense. What is article 2 of the code of conduct? - ✔✔I will never surrender of my own free will. If I am in command I will never surrender the members of my command so long as they have the means to resist. What is article 3 of the code of conduct? - ✔✔If I am captured I will continue to resist by all means available. I will make every effort to escape and aid others to escape. I will accept no parole nor special favors from the enemy. What is acticle 4 of the code of conduct? - ✔✔Should I become a POW, I will keep faith in my fellow prisoners. I will give no information or take part in actions which could harm my comrades. If I am senior I will take command, if not then I will obey the lawful orders of those appointed over me and back them in every way. What is article 5 of the code of conduct? - ✔✔When questioned should I become a POW, I am required to give my name, rank, SSN, and Date of birth. I will evade answering any further questions to the utmost of my ability. I will make no verbal or written statements disloyal to my country or its allies or harmful to their cause.

What is article 6 of the code of conduct? - ✔✔I will never forget that I am an American fighting for freedom, responsible for my actions and dedicated to the principles which made my country free. I will trust in my God and the United States. Name 6 rights a POW has? - ✔✔Right to receive Sufficient food to sustain good health Right to receive adequate medical care Right to receive a copy of the Geneva Convention Right to view a copy of the Camps Rules and regulations Right to keep personal property except military documents, weapons. Right to send and receive mail. What are some techniques used to aid night observation? - ✔✔Avoid unnecessary movement Off Center Vision method Scanning Method Field Strip method What are ways to increase night vision? - ✔✔Red light Keep 1 eye closed in well lit areas Avoid straining eyes What are techniques that can increase hearing? - ✔✔Take off helmet Place ear to ground Open mouth ( hearing amplified) What is a SALUTE report? - ✔✔An intelligence report What does SALUTE stand for? - ✔✔Size/ Strength Activity / Actions Location or direction of movement

Unit Identification Time of Observation Equipment or weapons What is the five paragraph order? - ✔✔Situation Mission Execution Administration and Logistics Command and Signal What does the acronym SAFE pertain to? - ✔✔Constructing a fighting position What does Safe stand for? - ✔✔Security Automatic Weapons Fields of Fire Entrenchment The parapet of a fighting hole is what dimensions? - ✔✔3ft thick by 1/2 high What does a fighting hole protect against? - ✔✔Strafing, Bombing, Shell fragments, small arms fire, and crushing actions of tanks. Describe Priority 1- Urgent of a CASEVAC - ✔✔Patients with injuries that threaten life, limb or eye sight that require evac within 2 hours. Describe Priority 1A- Urgent Surgical? - ✔✔Patients requiring extensive surgical interventions Describe Priority 2 - Priority - ✔✔Patients whose injuries require evac within 4 hours or are expected to become urgent.

Describe Priority 3- Routine - ✔✔Patients whose injuries require evac within 24 hrs. Describe Priority 4 - Convenience - ✔✔Evac is a medical convenience rather than necessity. Smoke should be employed _____ from the landing points so vision is not obscured during landing - ✔✔Downwind Descibe lines 1-9 of a 9line request. - ✔✔Line 1- Location of pickup site Line 2- Call sign / radio Freq Line 3 - # of patients by precedence Line 4 - Special Equip required Line 5 - # of patients by types Line 6 - War- Security of pickup site Peace- # and type of patients Line 7- Method of marking Pick up site Line 8 - Patient Nationality Line 9 - War - NBC Peace- Terrain description What is the AH-1W? - ✔✔The Cobra What is the speed of the Cobra? - ✔✔147 knots What is the range of the cobra? - ✔✔256 nautical miles in basic combat configuration What is the crew of the cobra? - ✔✔2 Officers

What are the armaments of the Cobra? - ✔✔20 mm turreted cannon with 750 rounds 4 external wing stations that fire 2.75/5.0 " rockets (Tow, Hell fire, Sidewinder, Sidearm. What is the mission of the Cobra? - ✔✔fire support for forward and rear operating forces, point target/ anti armor, anti helicopter, and armed escort. What is the CH-46E? - ✔✔The sea knight What is the range of the Sea Knight? - ✔✔132 nautical miles for an assault mission What is the speed of the Sea Knight? - ✔✔145 knots. What is the crew of the Sea Knight? - ✔✔4, Pilot, Co-pilot, Crew Chief, 1st Mechanic/ Ariel gunner What is the pay load of the Sea Knight? - ✔✔ 9 - 16 passengers Cargo- 2000 - 4000 pounds internal/external lift Medevac - 15 litters with 2 attendants. What is the mission of the Sea Knight? - ✔✔provide assault transport of troops, supplies and equipment during amphibious operations and subsequent operations ashore. What is the CH-53D? - ✔✔Sea Stallion What is the speed of the Sea Stallion? - ✔✔130 knots What is the range of the Sea Stallion? - ✔✔690 miles What are the armaments of the Sea Stallion? - ✔✔2 XM-218 .50 cal machine guns

The Sea stallion can carry how many passengers? - ✔✔37 / 55 with center row seating installed. What is the CH-53E? - ✔✔The Super Sea Stallion What is the mission of the Super Sea Stallion? - ✔✔Transport heavy equipment and supplies during ship to shore movements of an amphibian assault. What are some features of the Super Sea Stallion? - ✔✔Capable of inflight refueling Can recover up to 16 tons including another CH-53E.