Maternal-Newborn & Women's Health Nursing Review Questions and Answers, Exams of Nursing

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Maternal-Newborn & Women's Health

Nursing Review Questions and Answer

A new mother with no hospitalization insurance asks to be discharged with her baby at 24 hours after birth. To assist this new mother best after discharge, the nurse can a. allow the mother time to ask all her questions about newborn care just before discharge. b. plan for a home visit within 48 hours of discharge. c. give the mother plenty of pamphlets about newborn care before discharge. d. inform the mother about the dangers of early discharge. - correct answer ☑☑ b. plan for a home visit within 48 hours of discharge. Home visits have been found to be a cost-effective way to avoid hospital admissions or emergency department visits. The home visit allows for assessment, intervention, and follow-up teaching. It is important to allow the mother time to ask questions before discharge, but at 24 hours after birth she may not be prepared to do so. Giving the mother pamphlets before discharge is helpful; however, nursing assessments or follow-up teaching will not be done.

Maternal-Newborn & Women's Health

Nursing Review Questions and Answer

On discharge from the birthing center the nurse should assess the type of car seat the new parents are using. For a newborn, the seat should be a. No car seat is necessary for infants younger than 3 months of age; they can be placed in an adult's lap. b. Rear-facing in the back seat of the car. c. Front-facing. d. Sitting straight up. - correct answer ☑☑ b. Rear-facing in the back seat of the car. Infants who are younger than 1 year old must ride in a rear-facing seat to protect them. Car restraints are required in all 50 states and Canada for all infants and young children. The seat should recline at approximately a 45-degree angle for an infant. A crying infant is a major concern for most new parents. The nurse can teach the parents that answering an infant's cry a. may spoil the infant and the parents need to be cautious.

Maternal-Newborn & Women's Health

Nursing Review Questions and Answer

b. usually means attending to an unanswered need, but until the infant is about 6 months old it is difficult to determine what that need may be. c. will help the infant develop trust. d. may become frustrating for the parents; they may need to close the door and ignore the infant at times. - correct answer ☑☑ c. will help the infant develop trust. Infants express their needs by crying. These needs must be met in a consistent, warm, and prompt manner for the development of trust to occur. Parents should be taught the importance of consistently and quickly answering infant cries. A nursing student is asked to administer vitamin K to a newborn. The student is aware that vitamin K must be administered within 1 hour of birth but is not sure about which route is appropriate. Vitamin K should be given by which route to this newborn? a. Oral b. Subcutaneous c. Intravascular

Maternal-Newborn & Women's Health

Nursing Review Questions and Answer

d. Intramuscular - correct answer ☑☑ d. Intramuscular Oral vitamin K has been used for newborn prophylaxis. It is not recommended at this time because it has not been shown to be as effective as parenteral vitamin K. The appropriate route is intramuscular. It is usually given within the first hour after birth but can be delayed until the infant has finished breastfeeding at birth. A new mother expresses concern to the nurse that her 8- hour-old newborn has developed some edema in both eyes. The best response would be based on the fact that a. birth trauma usually will not develop until a few hours after birth. b. the edema is a sign of eye infections and will need to be investigated. c. the eye medication given at birth may cause a mild inflammation and edema. d. this is a sign of lack of rest for the newborn during the labor process. - correct answer ☑☑ c. the eye medication given at birth may cause a mild inflammation and edema.

Maternal-Newborn & Women's Health

Nursing Review Questions and Answer

Some infants develop a mild inflammation a few hours after prophylactic eye treatment. When suctioning a newborn, which technique is correct? a. Use of a suction catheter attached to low suction is appropriate for nasal suction. b. The bulb syringe should be used to suction the mouth only. c. The mouth should be suctioned first and then the nose, with the bulb syringe. d. The bulb syringe is placed inside the mouth and then depressed. - correct answer ☑☑ c. The mouth should be suctioned first and then the nose, with the bulb syringe. The mouth should be suctioned first because the infant may gasp when the nose is suctioned, causing aspiration of mucus or fluid in the mouth. Then gently suction the nose only if necessary. A bulb syringe should be used for infant suctioning unless deeper suctioning is necessary. The bulb syringe should be depressed first and then put inside the mouth.

Maternal-Newborn & Women's Health

Nursing Review Questions and Answer

When placing a newborn under a radiant heat warmer to stabilize temperature after birth, the nurse should a. place the probe on the left side of the chest. b. cover the probe with a nonreflective material. c. recheck the temperature by periodically taking a rectal temperature. d. prewarm the radiant heat warmer and place the undressed newborn under it. - correct answer ☑☑ d. prewarm the radiant heat warmer and place the undressed newborn under it. The probe should be placed on the upper abdomen. It should be covered with reflective material. Rectal temperatures should be avoided because rectal thermometers can perforate the intestine. The radiant heat warmer should be preheated to avoid heat loss by conduction. A newborn has been assessed as high risk for hypoglycemia. The nurse assesses the newborn's blood

Maternal-Newborn & Women's Health

Nursing Review Questions and Answer

glucose and it is 38 mg/dL. What should be the nurse's next action? a. Notify the pediatrician. b. Feed the newborn approximately 1 ounce of glucose water. c. Keep the newborn in the nursery and reassess the glucose in 30 minutes. d. Breast-feed or bottle-feed formula to the newborn. - correct answer ☑☑ d. Breast-feed or bottle-feed formula to the newborn. Glucose water alone is not recommended for newborns because the rapid rise in glucose results in increased insulin production, causing a further drop in blood glucose. Milk provides a longer lasting supply of glucose. Action should be taken prior to notifying the pediatrician or health care provider. The nurse should assess all newborns for jaundice every 8 to 12 hours. This is done by a. ordering the appropriate blood work.

Maternal-Newborn & Women's Health

Nursing Review Questions and Answer

b. monitoring the color and consistency of the stools. c. monitoring intake and output. d. blanching the newborn's skin. - correct answer ☑☑ d. blanching the newborn's skin. Assess for jaundice by blanching the infant's skin on the nose or sternum at least every 8 to 12 hours. Blood work is ordered if changes in color are seen. A newborn has just been circumcised. The nurse's first priority would be to a. assess the penis for bleeding. b. apply a lubricant such as Vaseline or KY jelly to the site at every diaper change. c. note time of first voiding after the procedure. d. take the newborn to his mother for comfort and feeding. - correct answer ☑☑ a. assess the penis for bleeding. Although options B, C, and D are appropriate actions, observation for bleeding is the priority.

Maternal-Newborn & Women's Health

Nursing Review Questions and Answer

A newborn's mother has tested positive for hepatitis B. When should the newborn receive the hepatitis B vaccine? a. By 2 months b. Within 12 hours c. Within 1 week d. By 6 months - correct answer ☑☑ b. Within 12 hours For infants of hepatitis B-positive mothers, the vaccine is given within 12 hours of birth and then at 1 to 2 months and 6 months. Hepatitis B immune globulin is also given within 12 hours of birth. The new parents of their first child tell the nurse that the crib they will be using is the same crib that the father used as a baby. The nurse should teach them which of the following safety considerations to assess in this older crib? (Select all that apply.) a. Crib slats must be no more than 5 inches apart.

Maternal-Newborn & Women's Health

Nursing Review Questions and Answer

b. Corner posts should not extend more than 1/16th inch above the end panel. c. The crib mattress should fit snugly, with less than two fingers able to fit into the space between the mattress and sides of the crib. d. Check that all nuts, screws, bolts, and hooks are tight. - correct answer ☑☑ b. Corner posts should not extend more than 1/16th inch above the end panel. c. The crib mattress should fit snugly, with less than two fingers able to fit into the space between the mattress and sides of the crib. d. Check that all nuts, screws, bolts, and hooks are tight. The crib mattress should be firm and fit snugly, there should be no more than 2 3/8 inches between crib slats, no corner posts over 1/16th inch high so the baby's clothing cannot catch, no cutouts in the headboard or foot board, have no missing, loose, broken or improperly installed screws or brackets, and the paint should be lead free. Which one(s) of the following are true concerning colic in an infant? (Select all that apply.)

Maternal-Newborn & Women's Health

Nursing Review Questions and Answer

a. It is characterized by irritable crying for no obvious reason for 3 hours/day or longer. b. It occurs only in formula-fed infants. c. Infants will draw their knees onto the abdomen. d. One cause may be an allergic reaction to the type of formula used. - correct answer ☑☑ a. It is characterized by irritable crying for no obvious reason for 3 hours/day or longer. c. Infants will draw their knees onto the abdomen. d. One cause may be an allergic reaction to the type of formula used. Colic is described as inconsolable paroxysmal crying periods that occur daily for several days a week. It can last several months. Both breast fed and formula fed infants can have colic. Infants with colic cry as though in pain and draw their knees onto the abdomen, rigidly extend the legs, and may pass flatus. The cause is unknown but allergies to cow's milk or substances in the breastfeeding mother's diet may be a factor. Parents often have questions about pacifiers. Select all the following that is correct information to teach the parents. (Select all that apply.)

Maternal-Newborn & Women's Health

Nursing Review Questions and Answer

a. All infants have an urge to suck. b. Pacifiers will cause malocclusion of the teeth only if they are used after the secondary teeth begin to erupt. c. Pacifiers should be replaced every 1 or 2 months. d. Pacifiers can be placed on a string around the infant's neck. e. If the infant uses thumb sucking instead of a pacifier, it will be easier to give up as the child grows. - correct answer ☑☑ a. All infants have an urge to suck. b. Pacifiers will cause malocclusion of the teeth only if they are used after the secondary teeth begin to erupt. c. Pacifiers should be replaced every 1 or 2 months. All infants have a need to suck, although the amount of sucking needed varies among infants. The AAP recommends the use of pacifiers for sleep to help prevent SIDS. Use of pacifiers should be delayed until 1 month in breastfeeding infants. Use of a pacifier for part of the day, not using an upside down pacifier, and stopping sucking on a pacifier before the secondary teeth begin to erupt is unlikely to cause malocclusion. Pacifiers should be replaced every month or two and should never be placed on a string around the infant's neck. Pacifiers are easier

Maternal-Newborn & Women's Health

Nursing Review Questions and Answer

to give up than thumb sucking because they are not as easily accessible as a thumb. Which of the following are appropriate goals for a newborn for the first 2 to 3 days of life? (Select all that apply.) a. The infant will maintain a patent airway as evidenced by a respiratory rate within the range of 30 to 60 breaths per minute. b. The infant will show no signs of respiratory distress. c. The infant will maintain an axillary temperature between 34.5 and 35.5°C. d. The infant will show no signs of hypoglycemia. - correct answer ☑☑ a. The infant will maintain a patent airway as evidenced by a respiratory rate within the range of 30 to 60 breaths per minute. b. The infant will show no signs of respiratory distress. d. The infant will show no signs of hypoglycemia. Goals for a newborn are that the infant will maintain a patent airway, a respiratory rate of 30 to 60 breaths per minute with no respiratory distress, an axillary

Maternal-Newborn & Women's Health

Nursing Review Questions and Answer

temperature between 36.5 and 37.5°C, will feed well and show no signs of hypoglycemia. Techniques the nurse can use to prevent heat loss in a newborn include which one(s) of the following? (Select all that apply.) a. Turning on the radiant warmer before the infant's birth b. Drying the wet infant quickly c. Changing wet linens with warm dry linens d. Covering the infant's head with a cap after placing it under the radiant warmer - correct answer ☑☑ a. Turning on the radiant warmer before the infant's birth b. Drying the wet infant quickly c. Changing wet linens with warm dry linens The radiant warmer should be turned on and be warm before placing a newborn in the warmer. Dry the wet infant quickly with warm towels to prevent heat loss by evaporation. Pay particular attention to drying the hair because the head has a large surface area and hair that remains damp increases heat loss. Remove towels or blankets as soon as they become wet and replace them

Maternal-Newborn & Women's Health

Nursing Review Questions and Answer

with dry, warmed linens. Cover the head with a prewarmed cap when the infant is not under a radiant warmer. Do not use a hat when the infant is under the warmer because it interferes with transfer of heat to the infant's head. When giving an initial bath to a newborn, which one(s) of the following techniques are appropriate? (Select all that apply.) a. Do not bathe the infant until the newborn's temperature is stable. b. Wash all the vernix and blood off of the skin and hair. c. Gloves should be worn. d. The bath should be performed quickly and the infant dried. e. After the bath, the infant may be wrapped in blankets and placed in an open crib. - correct answer ☑☑ a. Do not bathe the infant until the newborn's temperature is stable. c. Gloves should be worn. d. The bath should be performed quickly and the infant dried.

Maternal-Newborn & Women's Health

Nursing Review Questions and Answer

Gloves should be worn when handling a newborn until the initial bath has been given. A sponge bath is given with the infant under the radiant warmer to help maintain the infant's temperature. The bath should be performed quickly and the infant thoroughly dried to prevent heat loss by evaporation. While shampooing the hair, the nurse combs through it to remove dried blood. Vernix need not be removed. Combing the infant's hair hastens drying. The infant remains under the radiant warmer until the hair is dry and the temperature returns to the previous level. The infant is dressed and wrapped in two warm blankets, and a warm cap is placed on the infant's head before he or she is removed from the radiant warmer. The temperature should be rechecked within 1 hour to ensure that the infant is maintaining thermoregulation adequately. Parent teaching is an important aspect of care of the newborn and family. Which one(s) of the following are appropriate teaching techniques during the first 2 days after birth? (Select all that apply.) a. Setting priorities

Maternal-Newborn & Women's Health

Nursing Review Questions and Answer

b. Giving written material to the family to reinforce learning c. Using audiovisual materials to reinforce learning d. Modeling behavior for the new family e. Teaching as much as possible in one setting to allow more rest time f. Including the father g. Being sensitive to cultural differences - correct answer ☑☑ a. Setting priorities b. Giving written material to the family to reinforce learning c. Using audiovisual materials to reinforce learning d. Modeling behavior for the new family f. Including the father To effectively teach parents, priorities should be set and a teaching plan developed. Use a variety of teaching methods to increase effectiveness, make the subject more interesting, and increase retention of the material. Use verbal and written methods, demonstrations, and return demonstrations. Parents often learn best by seeing skills performed correctly and then practicing them while the nurse gives suggestions. To increase the likelihood

Maternal-Newborn & Women's Health

Nursing Review Questions and Answer

that parents will follow instructions, explain the rationale for each point made during teaching sessions. Use audiovisual materials, including pamphlets, magazines, television programs, and Internet sites. Highlight the most important areas in written material, discuss the programs with the new parents, and clarify information, as necessary, to reinforce learning. Diarrhea stools can be identified by a _____________ in the diaper around the stool. - correct answer ☑☑ water ring Prickly heat develops in infants who are too warmly dressed in any weather. This is called _____________. - correct answer ☑☑ miliaria Chronic inflammation of the scalp or other areas of the skin characterized by yellow, scaly, oily lesions is called _________________. - correct answer ☑☑ seborrheic dermatitis Most infant abductions in a hospital setting occur in the _____________. - correct answer ☑☑ mother's room

Maternal-Newborn & Women's Health

Nursing Review Questions and Answer

One important and simple measure that can be used to prevent infection in newborns is _____________. - correct answer ☑☑ handwashing