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A list of questions and answers related to various military tactics and operations. It covers topics such as troop leading procedures, unified land operations, joint operations, reconnaissance, security, direct fire control, forms of maneuver, tactical mission tasks, and retrograde tasks. a comprehensive overview of these topics and can be used as a study guide for military personnel preparing for the MCCC comprehensive exam.
Typology: Exams
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Troop Leading Procedures - Answer: (RIMICCIS) Receive the Mission Issue the Warning Order Make a tentative plan Initiate Movement Conduct Recon Complete the Plan Issue the Order Supervise and Refine Tenets of Unified Land Operations - Answer: (FDSS) Flexibility
Depth Synchronization Simultaneity Foundations of Unified Land Operations - Answer: (MAID) Mission Command Army Core Competencies Initiative Decisive Action Decisive Action - Answer: Offense Defensive Stability Defense in Support of Civil Authorities Principles of Joint Operations - Answer: (MOOSE-MUSS-LRP) Mass Objective Offense Surprise Economy of Force Maneuver Unity of Command Security Simplicity
Legitimacy Restraint Perseverance Army Core Competencies - Answer: Combined Arms Maneuver Wide Area Security Operational Variables - Answer: Political Military Economic Social Information Infrastructure Physical Environment Time Steps of IPB - Answer: (DDED) Define the Battlefield Environment Describe the Battlefield's Effects Evaluate the Threat Determine Threat COAs Decisive Point - Answer: A geographic place, specific key event, critical factor, or function that, when acted upon, allows commanders to gain a marked advantage over an adversary or contribute materially to achieving success.
Offensive Tasks - Answer: (MAEP) Movement to Contact Attack Exploitation Pursuit Defensive Tasks - Answer: (RAM) Retrograde (Delay, Withdrawal, Retirement) Area Defense Mobile Defense Characteristics of the Offense - Answer: (CATS) Concentration Audacity Tempo Surprise Characteristics of the Defense - Answer: (MOMS PDF) Mass Operations in Depth Maneuver Security Preparation Disruption
Flexibility Engagement Area Development - Answer: Identify likely enemy AoA Determine likely enemy scheme of maneuver Determine where to kill the enemy Plan/integrate obstacles Emplace weapons systems Plan/integrate IDF Conduct EA rehearsals Levels of War - Answer: (SOT) Strategic Operational Tactical Fundamentals of Reconnaissance - Answer: (DODGERR) Develop the Situation Rapidly Orient on the Reconnaissance Objective Do Not Keep Reconnaissance Assets in Reserve Gain and Maintain Enemy Contact Ensure Continuous Reconnaissance Report Information Rapidly and Accurately Retain Freedom of Maneuver Fundamentals of Security - Answer: (MOPPP)
Maintain Enemy Contact Orient on the Force or Facility to be Secured Provide Early and Accurate Warning Provide Reaction Time and Maneuver Space Perform Continuous Reconnaissance Principles of Direct Fire Control - Answer: (MADE MPPP) Mass the effects of fire. Avoid target overkill Destroy the greatest threat first Employ the best weapon for the target Minimize friendly exposure Prevent fratricide Plan for limited visibility conditions Plan for degraded capabilities Weapons Control Status - Answer: Weapons Hold - Engage only if engaged or ordered to engage Weapons tight - engage only targets that are positively identified as enemy Weapons free - engage any targets that are not positively identified as friendly Forms of Maneuver - Answer: (PETIF) Penetration Envelopment Turning Movement
Infiltration Frontal Attack Actions on Contact - Answer: (DECER) Deploy and report Evaluate and develop situation Choose COA Execute COA Recommend COA to higher Movement Formations - Answer: Column Wedge Line Echelon Vee Coil Herringbone Movement Techniques - Answer: Traveling Traveling Overwatch Bounding Overwatch Types of Bounding - Answer: Alternate - Moving unit moves past stationary unit Successive - Moving unit moves on line with stationary unit
Tenets of Breaching Operations - Answer: (IFOMS) Intelligence Fundamentals Organization Mass Synchronization Breaching Fundamentals - Answer: (SOSRA) Suppress Obscure Secure Reduce Assault Combat Power - Answer: The total means of destructive and/or disruptive force which a military unit/formation can apply against the opponent at a given time Elements of Combat Power - Answer: (MILF SPIM) Movement and Maneuver Intelligence Leadership Fires Sustainment Protection Information
Mission Command Warfighting Functions - Answer: (MIF SPM) Movement and Maneuver Intelligence Fires Sustainment Protection Mission Command Military Aspects of Terrain - Answer: (OAKOC) Obstacles Avenues of Approach Key Terrain Observation and Fields of Fire Cover and Concealment OPORD Format - Answer: Situation Mission Execution Sustainment Command and Signal Timeline Types - Answer: (HOPE LW) Higher
Operational Planning Enemy Light/Weather Commander's Critical Information Requirements - Answer: An information requirement identified by the commander as being critical to facilitating timely decision making. Elements of CCIR - Answer: Friendly Forces Information Requirements (FFIR) Priority Intelligence Requirements (PIR) Priority Intelligence Requirements (PIR) - Answer: Intelligence collection requirements about the enemy, terrain, weather, and civil considerations the commander prioritizes relevant to decision making Friendly Forces Information Requirements (FFIR) - Answer: The information the commander considers most important about the mission, troops/support available, and time available for friendly forces Mission Variables - Answer: (METT TC) Mission Enemy Terrain Troops
Time Civil Considerations Tactical Mission Tasks - Answer: A specific activity performed by a unit while executing a form of tactical operation or form of maneuver (either an action by a friendly force or an effect on an enemy force) Attack by fire - Answer: A tactical mission task in which a commander uses direct fires, supported by indirect fires, to engage an enemy force without closing with the enemy to destroy, suppress, fix, or deceive that enemy Block - Answer: A tactical mission task that denies the enemy access to an area or prevents his advance in a direction or along an avenue of approach Breach - Answer: A tactical mission task in which the unit employs all available means to break through or establish a passage through an enemy defense, obstacle, minefield, or fortification Bypass - Answer: A tactical mission task in which the commander directs his unit to maneuver around an obstacle, positions, or enemy force to maintain the momentum of the operation while deliberately avoiding contact with an enemy force
Canalize - Answer: A tactical mission task in which the commander restricts enemy movement to a narrow zone by exploiting terrain coupled with the use of obstacles, fires, or friendly maneuver Clear - Answer: A tactical mission task that requires the commander to remove all enemy forces and eliminate organized resistance within an assigned area. Contain - Answer: A tactical mission task that requires the commander to stop, hold, or surround enemy forces or to cause them to center their activity on a given front and prevent them from withdrawing any part of their forces for use elsewhere Control - Answer: A tactical mission task that requires the commander to maintain physical influence over a specified area to prevent its use by an enemy or to create conditions necessary for successful friendly operations Counter-reconnaissance - Answer: A tactical mission task that encompasses all measures taken by a commander to counter enemy reconaissance and surveillance efforts (not a distinct mission) Defeat - Answer: To render a force incapable of achieving its objectives Destroy - Answer: A tactical mission task that physically renders an enemy force combat-ineffective until it is reconstituted. Alternatively, to destroy a combat
system is to damage it so badly that it cannot perform any function or be restored to a usable condition without being entirely rebuilt Disengage - Answer: A tactical mission task where a commander has the unit break contact with the enemy to allow the conduct of another mission or to avoid decisive engagement. Disrupt - Answer: A tactical mission task in which a commander integrates direct and indirect fires, terrain, and obstacles to upset an enemy's formation or tempo, interrupt his timetable, or cause enemy forces to commit prematurely or attack in piecemeal fashion. Exfiltrate - Answer: A tactical mission task where a commander removes Soldiers or units from areas under enemy control by stealth, deception, surprise, or clandestine means. Fix - Answer: A tactical mission task where a commander prevents the enemy from moving any part of his force from a specific location for a specific period Follow and Assume - Answer: A tactical mission task in which a second committed force follows a force conducting an offensive task and is prepared to continue the mission if the lead force is fixed, attrited, or unable to continue. Follow and Support - Answer: A tactical mission task in which a committed force follows and supports a lead force conducting an offensive task
Interdict - Answer: A tactical mission task where the commander prevents, disrupts, or delays the enemy's use of an area or route Isolate - Answer: A tactical mission task that requires a unit to seal off - both physically and psychologically - an enemy from sources of support, deny the enemy freedom of movement, and prevent the isolated enemy force from having contact with other enemy forces Neutralize - Answer: A tactical mission task that results in rendering enemy personnel or materiel incapable of interfering with a particular operation Occupy - Answer: A tactical mission task that involves a force moving a friendly force into an area so that it can control that area. Both the force's movement to and the occupation of the area occur without enemy opposition Retain - Answer: A tactical mission task in which the commander ensures that a terrain feature controlled by a friendly force remains free of enemy occupation or use Secure - Answer: A tactical mission task that involves preventing a unit, facility, or geographical location from being damaged or destroyed as a result of enemy action
Seize - Answer: A tactical mission task that involves taking possession of a designated area using overwhelming force Support by Fire - Answer: A tactical mission task in which a maneuver force moves to a position where it can engage the enemy by direct fire in support of another maneuvering force Suppress - Answer: A tactical mission task that results in temporary degradation of the performance of a force or weapon system below the level needed to accomplish the mission Turn - Answer: A tactical mission task that involves forcing an enemy force from one avenue of approach or mobility corridor to another Tactical Enabling Tasks - Answer: These support the conduct of operations and include reconnaissance, security, troop movement, etc. Screen - Answer: A security task that primarily provides early warning to the protected force (screening force can't operate independently of the main body) Guard - Answer: A security task to protect the main force by fighting to gain time while also observing and reporting information and preventing enemy ground observation of and direct fire against the main body (guarding force can't operate independently of the main body)
Cover - Answer: A security task where the covering force (operating independently of the main body unlike screen or guard) reconnoiters attacks, defends, and delays to prevent enemy indirect fires, direct observation, and direct fires against the main body. Relief in Place - Answer: An operation in which, by direction of higher authority, all or part of a unit is replaced in an area by the incoming unit and the responsibilities of the replaced elements for the mission and the assigned zone of operations are transferred to the incoming unit Passage of Lines (Forward/Rear) - Answer: An operation in which a force moves forward or rearward through another force's combat positions with the intention of moving into or out of contact with the enemy Tactical Retrograde Tasks - Answer: Defensive tasks that involve organized movement away from the enemy Delay - Answer: To slow the time of arrival of enemy forces or capabilities or alter the ability of the enemy or adversary to project forces or capabilities Retirement - Answer: A form of retrograde in which a force out of contact moves away from the enemy Withdraw - Answer: A planned retrograde operation in which a force in contact disengages from an enemy force and moves in a direction away from the enemy
Withdraw Under Pressure - Answer: A planned retrograde operation in which a force in contact disengages from an enemy force and moves in a direction away from the enemy Special Purpose Attacks - Answer: Share many of the planning, preparation, and execution considerations of the attack Feint - Answer: In military deception is an offensive action involving contact with the adversary conducted for the purpose of deceiving the adversary as to the location and/or time of the actual main offensive action Spoiling Attack - Answer: A tactical maneuver employed to seriously impair a hostile attack while the enemy is in the process of forming or assembling for an attack. Counterattack - Answer: Attack by part or all of a defending force against an enemy attacking force, for such specific purposes as regaining ground lost, or cutting off or destroying enemy advancing units, and with the general objective of denying to the enemy the attainment of the enemy's purpose in attacking. In sustained defensive operations, it is undertaken to restore the battle position and is directed at limited objectives. Ambush - Answer: An attack by fire or other destructive means from concealed positions on a moving or temporarily halted enemy
Raid - Answer: An operation to temporarily seize an area in order to secure information, confuse an adversary, capture personnel or equipment, or to destroy a capability culminating in a planned withdrawal. Demonstration - Answer: A show of force in an area where a decision is not sought that is made to deceive an adversary. Obstacle Effects (List - 4) - Answer: (DTF B) Disrupt, Turn, Fix, Block Turn (obstacle effect) - Answer: A tactical obstacle effect that integrates fire planning and obstacle effort to divert an enemy formation from one avenue of approach to an adjacent avenue or approach or into an engagement area Block (obstacle effect) - Answer: An obstacle effect that integrates fire planning and obstacle effort to stop an attacker along a specific avenue of approach or to prevent the attacking force form passing through an engagement area Disrupt (obstacle effect) - Answer: An obstacle effect that focuses fire planning and obstacle effort to cause the enemy to break up his formation and tempo, interrupt his timetable, commit breaching assets prematurely, and attack in a piecemeal effort
Fix (obstacle effect) - Answer: An obstacle effect that focuses fire planning and obstacle effort to slow an attacker's movement within a specified area, normally an engagement area Mission Command - Answer: The Army's approach to command and control that empowers subordinate decision making and decentralized execution appropriate to the situation Commanders Role in Operations Process - Answer: The commander drivers the operations process
J. Public Affairs K. Civil Affairs L. Information Collection M. Assessment N. Space Ops P. Host Nation Q. Knowledge Management R. Reports S. Special, Technical Operations U. Inspector General V. Interagency Coordination W. Operational Contract Support Z. Distribution COA Development Steps - Answer: Analyze relative combat power Generate options Array forces Develop a CONOP Analyze Soldier load Assign responsibilities Prepare a COA statement/sketch Specified Task - Answer: A task specifically assigned to a unit by its higher headquarters
Implied Task - Answer: A task that must be performed to accomplish a specified task or mission but is not stated in the higher headquarters' order Essential Task - Answer: A specified or implied task that must be executed to accomplish the mission Commander's Intent Includes - Answer: Expanded Purpose Key Tasks End State (Terrain, Enemy, Civil) Impact Area - Answer: Area W = P+Q Primary danger area for the impact of all rounds Command and Control - Answer: The exercise of authority and direction by a properly designated commander over assigned and attached forces in the accomplishment of the mission Methods of Resupply - Answer: Routine Emergency Pre-Stock Types of Resupply - Answer: Service Station (centralized resupply point) Tailgate (in position) Refuel on the Move (ROM) Emergency
Pre-positioned Supplies Aerial Delivery Attack Aviation Employment Methods - Answer: Continuous Attack Phased Attack Maximum Destruction Enemy Battlefield Zones - Answer: Disruption - set conditions Battle - decisive actions Support - logistics/admin support Attack - delineate where forces will conduct offensive maneuver Kill - where they plan to destroy a key target (DZ or BZ) Three Dismount Options - Answer: Short of the OBJ On the OBJ Beyond the OBJ Task Org for Combined Arms Breach - Answer: Support Force Breach Force Assault Force Reserve Types of Breaching - Answer: Mechanical Ballistic Explosive
Sequence of the Defense - Answer: Recon and Security Occupation Approach of Enemy Main Attack Enemy Assault Counterattack C&R Battle Position - Answer: defensive location oriented on a likely enemy avenue of approach. 5 Types of Battle Positions - Answer: Primary, Alternate, Supplementary, Subsequent, Strong point Forward Edge of the Battle Area - Answer: Foremost limit of a series of areas in which ground combat units are deployed, excluding the areas in which the covering or screening forces are operating Main Battle Area - Answer: The area where the commander intends to deploy the bulk of the unit's combat power and conduct decisive operations to defeat an attacking enemy. Forms of the Defense - Answer: Defense of a Linear Obstacle Perimeter defense Reverse Slope defense
Battle Handover Line (BHL) - Answer: A designated phase line on the ground where responsibility transitions from the stationary force to the moving force and vice versa. Forward Line of own Troops (FLOT) - Answer: A line which indicates the most forward positions of friendly forces in any kind of military operation at a specific time. Conditions of Urban Operations - Answer: (Intel vs ROE) Surgical Precision High Intensity Urban Zones - Answer: City Core Core Periphery High Rise Residential Areas Commercial Areas Industrial Areas Military Areas Low Rise Residential Areas Strip Areas Shantytowns Building Construction Types - Answer: Mass Construction
Framed Methods of isolation - Answer: Physical Observation Direct Indirect Combination Fundamentals of Urban Operations - Answer: (MMA STRUC CPP) Maintain close combat capability Minimize collateral damage Avoid the attrition approach Separate combatants from noncombatants Transition control Restore essential services Understand the human dimension Create collaborative information environment Control the essential Preserve critical infrastructure Perform aggressive information operations Urban Operations Framework - Answer: Understand Shape Engage Consolidate