Medical Conditions and Treatments, Exams of Health sciences

Download Medical Conditions and Treatments and more Exams Health sciences in PDF only on Docsity! APEA- Study Guide Questions with Correct Answers 100% Verified When performing a visual acuity test the nurse practitioner notes 20/30 in the left eye and 20/40 in the right eye using the Snellen eye chart. This means: ✔✔Refer the patient to an ophthalmologist The American psychiatric association's diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder defines Munchausen Syndrome by proxy: ✔✔a caregiver making up or causing an illness or injury in a person under his or her care Symptoms of depression are a side effect of which neurotransmitter medication? ✔✔dopamine Which lesion is dark, raised, and asymmetric with irregular border? ✔✔Melanoma A 32-year-old woman presents with dull puffiness of the eyes pronounced not pitting periorbital edema this finding is suggestive of this condition? ✔✔Myxedema A 42-year-old woman with a past medical history of migraine headaches is requesting prophylactic medication treatment. Which medication should the Nurse Practitioner prescribe? ✔✔Amitriptyline (Elavil) A pediatric has areas of scaling on the scalp with round patches of alopecia. this clinical finding is consistent with: ✔✔Tinea Capitis What is the appropriate prophylactic medication for an 18-year-old woman with a past medical history of migraine headaches? ✔✔Propanolol (Inderal) Why would a combined hormonal contraceptive be contraindicated in a 36-year-old patient with a past medical history of type 2 diabetes, obesity, chronic smoking, and sedentary life: ✔✔Her age and tobacco use During the breast examination of a perimenopausal woman, the NP detects a bloody spontaneous discharge from the right nipple. This indicates further evaluation. ✔✔An intraductal papilloma Intraductal papilloma are usually solitary and smaller than 1 cm. They are located in large lactiferous sinuses or ducts and have a tendency to bleed. Rh negative women should receive Rho(D) immunoglobulin at what gestational time? ✔✔28 weeks When interpreting a complete blood count (CBC) lab report which of the following results describes the size of the RBCs? ✔✔Mean corpuscular volume (MVC) What medication should be avoided when prescribing prophylactic therapy for headaches? ✔✔Venlataxin (Effexor) What is the mechanism of action of prostaglandin E1 (PG1) in a patient with transposition of the great arteries? ✔✔To produce vasodilation and adequate oxygen saturation Which of the following complaints best describes lower extremity calf pain associated with peripheral artery disease: ✔✔A dull pain or cramp Which of the following conditions is NOT a typical finding of hyperprolactinemia in a 47-year- old premenopausal woman? ✔✔Gynecomastia When treating a patient with asthma who is experiencing acute wheezing which medication should be given to relieve the symptom? ✔✔Short acting bronchodilator When intervention does the American College of Rheumatology recommend as first line therapy for Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis or something else: ✔✔Exercise and weight loss Which of the following drugs is not contraindicated for concurrent use with warfarin (Coumadin)? ✔✔Amoxicillin (Amoxil) The lymphatic ducts drain into the: ✔✔Venous system Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment for trichomoniasis in a non-pregnant woman? ✔✔Metronidazole (Flagyl) Osteosarcoma in a pediatric patient is most often diagnosed when there is: ✔✔pain in the affected bone In a patient who has a history of migraine headaches, which characteristics is most common? ✔✔Family history Symptoms associated with small bowel obstruction usually include: ✔✔Vomiting and pain Unilateral rhinitis could be caused by all of the following except: ✔✔Drug induced rhinitis A 7-year-old child has been diagnosed with acute sinusitis. The drug class that should be avoided is: ✔✔antihistamines A patient present with a elongated head with bony prominence of the forehead, nose, and lower jaw. These facial features could be suggestive of: ✔✔Acomegaly Why would a child diagnosed with beat thalassemia and hemosiderosis received deferoxamine (Desferal)? ✔✔To eliminate excessive iron and prevent organ damage A patient has newly diagnosed hypothyroidism. What are the patients TSH level expected to be? ✔✔Higher than normal Which of the following symptoms would be a clinical manifestation noted during the secondary stage of syphilis? ✔✔Rash marked by red or reddish-brown, penny-size lesions over the palms and soles An 84-year-old male with prostatic hypertrophy is at increased risk of: ✔✔Urinary tract infections A characteristic lesion observed in a male with primary syphilis is a: ✔✔chancre During an acute attack of gout, the nurse practitioner knows NOT to prescribe: ✔✔Allopurinol What two vitamins and minerals should be included in oral multivitamins in women: ✔✔Folic acid and iron In a patient with bacterial meningitis, the most common reason for finding of headaches: ✔✔Increased intracranial pressure Janeway lesions, petechiae, and oster nodes are associated with: ✔✔Infective endocarditis BATES: pg. 207 A patient presents with decreased hearing related to antibiotic use. Which class of antibiotic is this? ✔✔Aminoglycosides Aminoglycosides antibiotics, vancomycin and aspirin are some medication that can cause hearing loss BATES: pg. 219 Which antihypertensive would be appropriate to prescribe for a hypertensive patient (B/P) 150/95) that is in her third trimester? ✔✔Methyldopa Category B for pregnancy Pharm book: pg.143 A 40-year-old admits to multiple sex partners presents with several lesions over his body Findings reveals hemorrhagic vesiculopustular lesions over the hands and feet. These lesions are most likely associated with: ✔✔Gonococcemia BATES: pg.207 Purple to grey macules, papules or hemorrhagic pustules distributed over acral and periarticular surfaces Which agent os NOT useful in prophylactic treatment of migraine headaches? ✔✔Sumatriptan (Imitrex) The right lymph duct drains lymphatic fluid from all the following expect the ✔✔Right leg Acute lymphocytic leukemia is usually diagnosed by: ✔✔A bone marrow examination The medication that blocks the transportation of glucose across the intestines into the blood stream to target prandial blood glucose is: ✔✔Acarbose (Precose) Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors Prostate pain is usually located in the: ✔✔Perineum Headache warning signs that need prompt investigation include all the following: ✔✔New onset after 50 Aggravated or relieved by change or position Precipitated by Vasalva maneuver Serotonin Syndrome is a potentially life-threatening condition associated with: ✔✔Increased levels of serotonin Which one of the following statements about treating scabies with lindane (Kewell) is correct? ✔✔(NIX is the treatment ) Lindane lotion and/or shampoo is not considered first-line therapy Symptoms consistent with later stage human deficiency disease (HIV) typically include all the following EXCEPT: ✔✔Persistent vomiting The earliest clinical manifestation of diabetic nephropathy is: ✔✔Micoalbuminuria When fluid accumulates between the visceral and parietal pleural spaces, the term used is: ✔✔Pleural effusion Children born with down syndrome often have other anomalies. They especially require evaluation of what body system? ✔✔Cardiac What finding is typical in a patient with a meniscal tear? ✔✔Positive McMurray's Test The nurse practitioner diagnoses a female patient with trichomoniasis. A common chief complaint of a patient with trichomoniasis is: ✔✔vaginal discharge When deciding on an initial treatment option for an acute flare of atopic dermatitis, unresponsive to emollient therapy, the next best choice for treatment is: ✔✔Desonide 0/5% When examining the breast, the "tail of Spence" would be located ✔✔laterally across the anterior axillary fold Headaches with symptoms of nausea and vomiting may be associate with all the following EXCEPT: ✔✔Tension headache Which of the following finding could indicate a need for further evaluation of the cardiac patient: ✔✔Low density lipoprotein of 190 mg/dL Alpha-adrenergic blocker increases urine outflow in males by: ✔✔Relaxing prostate smooth muscle The scoliosis patient who would cause the greatest concern for the nurse practitioner is a: ✔✔13 y/o female a 10 degree curve Which finding bellow would be unusual in a patient with diabetic retinopathy? ✔✔Papilledema Where should the uterine fundus be palpable at 12 weeks? ✔✔At the level of the symphysis pubis Ophthalmoscopic examination of 40 years old carpenter reveals a triangular thickening of the bulbar conjunctiva across the outer surface of the cornea. This condition in termed: ✔✔Pterygium A growth of the conjunctiva (triangular thickening) that covers the cornea A patient calls the nurse practitioner, and states that he missed his morning daily dose of warfarin, 5 mg yesterday and today. The nurse practitioner instructs the patient to: ✔✔Take warfarin 5 mg now and resume the warfarin 5 mg daily dose in the morning as schedule What common clinical finding is present in a patient who has croup? ✔✔Barking cough A type of breast cancer that begins with erythema and swelling of the breast and progresses rapidly is termed: ✔✔Inflammatory breast cancer Salmeterol (Serevent)in combination with an inhaled steroid is prescribed for a patient with moderate persistent asthma. What is the most important teaching point about salmeterol? ✔✔It is not effective during an acute asthma attack A 50 years old male has a non-tender, enlarged scrotum. The nurse practitioner suspects which of the following conditions: ✔✔Hydrocele Risk factors associated with breast cancer include all of the following except: ✔✔Low socioeconomic status. A patient who has a sulfa allergy safely take: ✔✔Glimepiride (amaryl) Which group of lymph nodes are locating on the medial surface of the arm approximately 3 cm above the elbow? ✔✔Epitrochlear node An elderly patient has been diagnosed with a cataract. What structure in the eye has become diseased? ✔✔Lens A patient presents with pain in the shoulder. The nurse practitioner knows that there are four rotator cuff muscles. The muscle that initiates abduction movement at the should is known as the: ✔✔Surapinatus A 64-year-old man with CC of leg pain and occasional numbness that worsens with ambulation and improves with lumbar flexion. The symptoms are consistent with ✔✔Spinal Stenosis Pseudoclaudication refers to pain in the back or legs when the patient walks but improves with rest, lumbar flexion, or both. Which is true statement about varicose veins? ✔✔They are more symptomatic during ovulation A 17-year-old is diagnosed with mild bronchospasm. Which of the following would provide relief? ✔✔Inhaled levalbuterol (Xopenex) A common cause of decreased libido in men is due to: ✔✔Endocrine dysfunction What should be included in the initial treatment of bacterial epididymitis in a sexually active 22 year old male: ✔✔Doxycycline and ceftriaxone Which assessment findings are NOT associated with pyloric stenosis in a 2 month old? ✔✔A bloated and tense tympanic abdomen. Hyperkalemia is associated with ✔✔Diminished renal function The assessment of a 72 year old male causes the NP to have concerns that the patient is a suicide risk. Risk factors for suicide in the elderly do NOT include: ✔✔Retirement A pregnant patient present for a routine 16 week prenatal visit. He BP decreased from 119/78 mm Hg at her 12 week visit to 110/69 mmHg. What hemodynamic for the decrease BP? ✔✔decrease in systemic vascular resistance The most common treatment for H. Pylori is a triple therapy, interpreted as: ✔✔2 Antibiotics and a PPI for 7-14 days Patients with psoriasis frequently have ✔✔pitted nails and plaque Which condition is best treated using alpha adrenergic antagonist? ✔✔Overflow incontinence A patient who is taking an oral glococorticosteroid should be advised to: ✔✔take it with food Which of the following drug classes is not indicated for the treatment of depression? ✔✔Buspirone (Buspar) A hispanic woman who is 26 weeks pregnant states that she recently began eating ice chips between meals ✔✔Assess the patient for iron deficiency anemia Snellen chart evaluation indicated that the patient's vision is 20/30. What is the proper description of this result? ✔✔At 20 ft, this patient can see what a person with normal can see at 30 ft. Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of Vitamin B12 deficiency? ✔✔Vomiting During a Migraine, the cerebral arteries: ✔✔dilate Which is the appropriate medication for a 31 year old pregnant diagnosed with a UTI ✔✔Cefuroxime (Zinafed) or Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid) Which of the following medication is note indicated for the treatment of muscle spasms? ✔✔Baclofen During an abdominal examination the NP percusses the bulging area of the abdomen. Which sounds suggest the presence: ✔✔Dullness Which pathogen is associated with common UTI? ✔✔E. Coli Which condition is caused by an insufficient production of intrinsic facto by gastric mucosa and Vitamin B insufficiency? ✔✔Pernicious anemia A multiparous pregnant patient presents at 24 weeks gestation with complain of painless vaginal bleeding. This presentation is consistent with: ✔✔placenta previa When measuring the fundal height of a pregnant female at 32 weeks gestation, which measurement would the NP suspect fetal growth: ✔✔32 cm A 40 year old female, the overall texture of the breast is soft, with an uneven contour bilaterally, the NP informs the patient that ✔✔warrants a mammogram A 74 year old man who recently lost his spouse of 50 years in an auto accident tells the NP that " he has no purpose in this life" ✔✔Have you thought about hurting yourself? A 67 year old woman with hx. of A.fib and an ejection fraction of 48% has had normal digoxin levels. Which can cause a decrease in digoxin levels? ✔✔Regular use of antacide 5-alpha reductase inhibitor work to improve symptoms of BPH by: ✔✔Decreasing the size of the prostate Which medication is indicated for patients with generalized anxiety disorder? ✔✔Buspirone (Buspar) Pregnant women are evaluated for syphilis with serology testing because: ✔✔Syphilis during pregnancy predisposes the fetus to spontaneously abort or the newborn to have congenital syphilis