Medical-Surgical Nursing Certification Exam Study Questions and Answers, Exams of Nursing

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Medical-Surgical Nursing Certification

Exam Study Questions and Answers

A 65 year old male is diagnosed with right-sided heart failure and admitted to the medical-surgical unit. Based on this diagnosis, the nurse will expect assessment to include which of the following findings: a. Dyspnea on exertion and bibasilar crackles b. Dependent edema and hepatic engorgement c. Distended veins and systolic murmur d. Cool extremities and weak peripheral pulses - ANSWER-b. Dependent edema and hepatic engorgement A 68 year old female is admitted with a diagnosis of heart failure and ischemic cardiomyopathy. Her cardiac history includes three previous MIs and three coronary artery bypass grafts. The patient's appetite is unchanged. Which dietary restriction would be the highest priority for this patient? a. Low cholesterol b. Reduced calorie c. Low fat d. Restricted sodium - ANSWER-d. Restricted sodium A male patient tells the nurse he has stopped taking his beta blocker because it interfered with his social life. Which comment by the nurse is most appropriate in response to the patient's statement: a. "Often these drugs can cause fatigue, but a dosage adjustment can correct this side effect." b. "What exactly do you mean by social life?" c. "Many men stop taking their blood pressure medications due to changes in sexual functioning. Have you had this problem?" d. "Never stop taking blood pressure medication suddenly because this can be dangerous." - ANSWER-c. "Many men stop taking their blood pressure medications due to changes in sexual functioning. Have you had this problem?" A patient scheduled for heart catheterization learns the right radial artery will be accessed rather than the femoral artery. The patient asks the nurse, "Could you tell me about the two access options?" The nurse's response is based on knowledge that: a. femoral catheterization has less risk of internal bleeding. b. external bleeding can be easily controlled with radial catheterization. c. the patient is able to sit up immediately following femoral catheterization. d. the patient can resume normal activity immediately after radial catheterization. - ANSWER-b. external bleeding can be easily controlled with radial catheterization. A patient with hypercholesterolemia was prescribed pravastatin (Prevachol). The nurse should teach the patent about which of the following side effects for this medication?

a. Muscle weakness b. Flushing c. Itching d. Hypotension - ANSWER-a. Muscle weakness A patient with mitral valve disease is admitted to a medical unit with fever, chills, SOB, malaise and a newly developed cardiac murmur. Based on the patient's new diagnosis of endocarditis, the nurse will begin preparing him for discharge by teaching about: a. lifestyle modifications. b. warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. c. self-administration of IV antibiotics. d. the need for fluid restrictions. - ANSWER-c. self-administration of IV antibiotics. A patient with rheumatic fever has been told the infection could reoccur. The nurse teaches the patient to seek medical attention for which of the following symptoms that suggest reinfection? a. Shortness of breath at rest b. Unexplained weight loss c. Excessive fatigue d. lower-extremity ecchymosis - ANSWER-c. Excessive fatigue Ms. Parsons, age 65, is transferred to a medical telemetry unit after several days in the coronary care unit for treatment of an acute MI. Ms. Parsons remains very anxious, with occasional episodes of chest pressure. Which medication does the nurse prepare for Ms. Parsons to decrease her anxiety and improve cardiac output? a. Nitroprusside (Nipride) b. Diazepam (Valium) c. Morphine sulfate (MS) d. Dopamine (Intropin) - ANSWER-c. Morphine sulfate (MS) The nurse is also aware that some of Mr. Harrison's medications can increase serum digitalis concentrations and thus the risk for digoxin toxicity. These include: a. calcium carbonate (Tums) b. cholestyramine (Questran) c. sulfasalazine (Azulfidine) d. amiodarone (Cordarone) - ANSWER-d. amiodarone (Cordarone) The nurse is caring for a patient with a history of three previous MIs and three coronary artery bypass grafts. An echocardiogram reveals an ejection fraction of 15%. The nurse prepares to teach the patient about which medication that will be ordered during the acute phase of heart failure? a. Dobutamine (Dobutex) b. Amlodipine (Norvasc) c. Atenolol (Tenormin) d. Captopril (Capoten) - ANSWER-a. Dobutamine (Dobutex)

The nurse is caring for multiple patients with a diagnosis of coronary artery disease. The identifies which of the following as at the greatest risk for early onset of the disease? a. Hispanic male b. Asian female c. African-American female d. Caucasian male - ANSWER-c. African-American female The nurse teaches Ms. Pratt about the use of nitroglycerin. Following teaching, it is most important for the patient to: a. indicate she will call for help if three nitroglycerin tablets don not relieve her chest pain. b. identify flushing and dizziness as common side effects of the drug. c. verbalize understanding that nitroglycerin will help prevent her from having a myocardial infarction (MI) d. confirm she will not take the drug unless she is experiencing chest pain. - ANSWER- a. indicate she will call for help if three nitroglycerin tablets don not relieve her chest pain. The nurse's assessment of Mr. Harrison's response to digoxin will include which of the following as the most common early indicator of toxicity. a. Anorexia b. Diarrhea c. Headache d. Confusion - ANSWER-a. Anorexia The priority nursing intervention for a patient with suspected MI is : a. auscultating for adventitious breath sounds. b. monitoring fluid and electrolyte status. c. preventing thrombi and emboli. d. providing appropriate analgesia. - ANSWER-d. providing appropriate analgesia. Which noninvasive diagnostic procedure would the nurse anticipate the physician will order to assess possible blockage in a patient's coronary arteries? a. Mitigated angiographic scan (MUGA) b. Echocardiography c. Chest radiography d. Computed tomography angiogram (CTA) - ANSWER-d. Computed tomography angiogram (CTA)