Medical Terminology and Concepts, Exams of Nursing

Download Medical Terminology and Concepts and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! NURS 3366 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS A patient has been experiencing signs and symptoms of weight loss, malnutrition, bloody diarrhea and abdominal cramps. The doctor diagnosed the patient with a disease that causes patchy inflammation transmurally in the duodenum and ileum. What disorder does this patient most likely have? A. Crohn's disease B. Ulcerative Colitis C. Colorectal Cancer D. Cirrhosis - Answers -A. Crohn's disease A patient has been diagnosed with diverticulitis. What location will the patient most likely experience pain? A. RLQ B. RUQ C. LLQ D. LUQ - Answers -C. LLQ A patient has occult bleeding in the stool. Which of the following problems could cause this? Select all that apply. A. Esophageal varices B. Diverticulitis C. Paralytic Ileus D. Peptic ulcers - Answers -A. Esophageal varices B. Diverticulitis D. Peptic ulcers Expected bilirubin levels for prehepatic jaundice are A. High indirect, low direct B. Low indirect, high direct C. Low indirect, normal direct D. High indirect, normal direct - Answers -D. High indirect, normal direct Which type of hepatitis cannot be prevented with a vaccine? А. Нер А В. Нер С С. Нер В D. Hep A and B - Answers -В. Нер С What could a patient with cirrhosis develop due to the inability to breakdown glucocorticoids? A. Hepatic encephalopathy В. Нурoкalemia C. Gynecomastia D. Cushing's syndrome - Answers -D. Cushing's syndrome What problems can portal hypertension cause? Select all that apply. A. Varices В. Нуреrglycemia C. Splenomegaly D. Ascites E. Hepatic encephalopathy - Answers -A. Varices C. Splenomegaly D. Ascites Which problem, seen with Cushing's disease, results in skin fragility? A. Increased glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis B. Decreased exogenous steroids C. Lipolysis D. Abnormally catabolized protein - Answers -D. Abnormally catabolized protein What is the target HgbAlc level for a patient with diabetes mellitus (DM)? A. <10% (glucose level of 240) B. <7% (glucose level of 150) C. <8% (glucose level of -183) D. <3% (glucose level of-50) - Answers -B. <7% (glucose level of 150) What compensatory mechanism is seen when a patient is in the extreme state of type 1 diabetes mellitus? A. Kussmaul respirations В. Нурорпea C. Kidneys expel HCO3 D. Kidneys retain HCO3 - Answers -A. Kussmaul respirations A patient has a CO2: 56, a HCO: 26, and a ph: of 7.21. What does this patient have? A. Respiratory alkalosis B. Respiratory acidosis C. Metabolic acidosis D. Metabolic alkalosis - Answers -B. Respiratory acidosis A patient is showing signs of a fluid volume deficit. Which of the following term/concepts would use to describe this? Select all that apply. A. Water movement from tissue to blood B. Water movement from blood to tissue С. Нурeгosmolar D. Hypotonic E. Edema - Answers -A. Water movement from tissue to blood С. Нурeгosmolar Dysplasia is ______ A. Increase in cell size B. Increase in cell number D. Peripheral neuropathy - Answers -B. Retinopathy Which of the following treatments are for hypoglycemia? Select all that apply. A. Administer insulin B. Give orange juice C. Give IV glucose D. Administer glucagon - Answers -B. Give orange juice C. Give IV glucose D. Administer glucagon Which humoral immunodeficiency occurs as a result of missing or decreased IgG? A. SCIDS B. AIDS C. DiGeorge's D. X-linked hypogammaglobulinemia - Answers -D. X-linked hypogammaglobulinemia A patient has signs and symptoms of glossitis, paresthesia, SOB and weakness. Which illness best matches this description? A. Pernicious anemia B. Microcytic anemia C. Normocytic anemia D. Polycythemia - Answers -A. Pernicious anemia produces a not mild needed? clotting deficiency, such as such as heavy menses (periods), Which and genetic treatment disorder is normally A. Hemophilia B. vonWillebrand disease C. Idiopathic thrombocytopenia D. Cimhosis - Answers -B. vonWillebrand disease Splenomegaly can cause this condition which results in pancytopenia A. Enlarged spleen B. Hypersplenism C. Inflammation of spleen D. Rupture of the spleen - Answers -B. Hypersplenism Which infection causes greasy, frothy diarrhea? A. Dysentery B. Giardiasis C. Antibiotic associated diarrhea D. Amoebic dysentery - Answers -B. Giardiasis Which proteins change yearly on the influenza cell envelope causing antigenic drift? Select all that apply. A. Neuraminidase B. Protease C. Elastase D. Lipase E. Hemagglutinin - Answers -A. Neuraminidase E. Hemagglutinin Which infection correlates to floppy baby syndrome A. Tetanus B. Botulism C. Rabies D. Cellulitis - Answers -B. Botulism Which rabies signs and symptoms cause the foaming of the mouth? Select all that apply. A. Dysphagia B. Anxiety C. Convulsions D. Increased production of saliva - Answers -A. Dysphagia D. Increased production of saliva Women who contract Zika while they are pregnant can cause which anatomic abnormality? A. Macrocephaly in the baby B. Mental retardation in the baby C. Microcephaly in the baby D. Acromegaly in the baby - Answers -C. Microcephaly in the baby Identify preventive measures for malaria? Select all that apply. A. using DEET repellant B. Wearing dark colored clothing C. Apply mosquito nets D. Removing standing water - Answers -A. using DEET repellant C. Apply mosquito nets D. Removing standing water A patient comes into the clinic with a temperature of a 101.4 and swelling of the parotid glands and is diagnosed with mumps. What is a complication of this disease? A. infertility in males B. Infertility in females C. Mental retardation D. Microcephaly - Answers -A. infertility in males Which describes the rash pattern of variola (small pox)? A. Vesicles starting from trunk and extending outward B. A dense maculopapular rash starting at the head going down C. Vesicles that start at the extremities and move inward D. Vesicles that start on the feet and move upward - Answers -C. Vesicles that start at the extremities and move inward What is the term in peripheral arterial disease that causes limping when walking? A. Ischemic pain B. Intermittent claudication C. Continuous claudication D. Varicose veins - Answers -B. Intermittent claudication Describe contributing factors in the formation of an aneurysm? Select all that apply. A. Hypertension B. Fluid volume deficit C. Atherosclerosis D. Sepsis - Answers -A. Hypertension C. Atherosclerosis In obstructive pulmonary disorders what is used to measure the amount of air forced out? A. Mountain flow B. Peak flow C. Valley flow D. Incentive spirometer - Answers -B. Peak flow What can occur as a result of the extreme state of Type 1 diabetes? A. Insulin coma B. Hyperinsulinemia С. НHNKS D. Diabetic coma - Answers -D. Diabetic coma What is a cause of type Il diabetes mellitus? A. No insulin production B. Obesity C. Destruction of beta cells D. Dehydration - Answers -B. Obesity Two main problems of cirrhosis are? Select all that apply. A. Ischemia B. Portal hypertension C. Dehydration D. Diminished hepatocyte function - Answers -B. Portal hypertension D. Diminished hepatocyte function What are the signs and symptoms of upper (GI) bleed? Select all that apply. A. Hematemesis B. Hematochezia C. Melena D. Frank bleeding - Answers -A. Hematemesis C. Melena D. Frank bleeding A patient's serum T4 & T3 are elevated. Family states they see mood swings, difficulty sleeping, weight loss, tachycardia and a goiter. This can be classified as having what? A. Hypothyroidism A. a total lack of insulin B. a decrease of insulin production C. an insulin resistance problem D. the same as type II DM - Answers -A. a total lack of insulin What is HHNKS? A. Hyperglycemic-hyperosmolar-nonketotic syndrome B. Hypoglycemia-hypoosmolar-ketotic syndrome C. Hyperglycemic only D. Hyperglycemia but hypoosmolar syndrome - Answers -A. Hyperglycemic- hyperosmolar-nonketotic syndrome Diabetic coma shows signs and symptoms of ________. Select all that apply. A. Dry skin B. Unconscious C. Can be treated with glucose D. Possibility of dying - Answers -A. Dry skin B. Unconscious D. Possibility of dying Hemoccult positive test refers to A. Hidden blood in the stool B. No blood in stool C. Gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GERD) D. Hiatal hernia - Answers -A. Hidden blood in the stool A patient's blood type is AB-. What type of blood can he receive? A. A- and B- B. AB- and AB+ C. O+ and A+ D. A- and AB+ - Answers -A. A- and B- During atrial fibrillation (AF), there is no atrial kick. Loss of atrial kick leads to diminished cardiac output. What is another sequelae of AF? A. Death B. No perfusion C. Arterial thrombi form in the left atrium that become an emboli. The patient might have a stroke. Venous thrombi form in the right atrium that become an emboli. The patient might have a pulmonary embolus. D. Arterial thrombi form in the right atrium and become an emboli. The patient might have a stroke. Venous thrombi form in the left atrium and become an emboli. The patient might have a pulmonary embolus. - Answers -C. Arterial thrombi form in the left atrium that become an emboli. The patient might have a stroke. Venous thrombi form in the right atrium that become an emboli. The patient might have a pulmonary embolus. Identify the S&S of left heart failure (LHF). Select all that apply. A. Edema of legs B. Increased respiration rate C. Liver congestion D. Crackles E. Purulent sputum - Answers -B. Increased respiration rate D. Crackles A patient enters into the hospital with an elevated serum calcium level. What hormone is released to maintain homeostasis? What S&S are expected? A. PTH; Muscle spasms, +Chvostek's, petechiae & purpura B. Calcitonin; Tetany, +Chvostek's, petechiae & purpura C. PTH; Lethargy, renal calculi, weakness D. Calcitonin; weakness, osteoporosis, renal calculi - Answers -D. Calcitonin; weakness, osteoporosis, renal calculi 69. A patient is having difficulty recognizing faces. Which hemisphere is the focal lesion affecting and what side should you expect muscle weakness? A. Right; Weakness on left side B. Right; Weakness on right side C. Left; weakness on right side D. Left; weakness on both side - Answers -A. Right; Weakness on left side Select the S&S that both DMI and DM2 extreme states have in common. Select all that apply. A. Polyuria B. Acetone breath C. Increase in serum glucose D. Polydipsia - Answers -A. Polyuria C. Increase in serum glucose D. Polydipsia Select the S&S of hypoglycemia. More than one answer is correct. A. Sweating B. Treat with glucose C. Treat with insulin D. The etiology can be too much insulin - Answers -A. Sweating B. Treat with glucose D. The etiology can be too much insulin Select all that apply to DMI A. Autoimmune disease B. No insulin C. DKA D. Too much insulin - Answers -A. Autoimmune disease B. No insulin C. DKA Identify the Ss&s of right heart failure (RHF). Select all that apply. A. Ascites B. JVD C. Can be caused by a lung disease D. crackles upon auscultation of the lungs - Answers -A. Ascites B. JVD C. Can be caused by a lung disease Identify a S&S of Cushing's disease A. Hyperkalemia B. Moon face C. hypoglycemia D. hypocalcemia - Answers -B. Moon face A patient presents to the ER with paresthesia and overall weakness. He claims to have a bad memory and ataxia. You discover the patient has been an alcoholic for years. What would be the best treatment for the patient's symptoms? A. Vitamin A supplements B. Vitamin B supplements C. Vitamin C supplements D. Vitamin D supplements - Answers -B. Vitamin B supplements A couple is having a baby and wants to know the chances of their child inheriting the sickle cell gene. The mother is heterozygous for the disease and father is homozygous recessive for the disease. What is the chance the baby would be a carrier for the disease? A. 0% В. 25% C. 50% D. 100% - Answers -C. 50% A couple is having a baby and wants to know the chances of their child inheriting the sickle cell gene. The mother is heterozygous for the disease and the father is homozygous recessive for the disease. What is the chance the baby would have the discase? A. 0% В. 25% C. 50% D. 100% - Answers -C. 50% Which signs and symptom is associated with cancer? A. Thrombocytosis B. Cachexia C. Edema D. Weight gain - Answers -B. Cachexia A patient presents to the ER with acetone breath and Kussmaul respirations. You find out she has Type 1 diabetes and cannot afford to buy insulin. Her blood pH is 7.31. Based on your observations, what state is the patient most likely in? A. Metabolic acidosis B. Metabolic alkalosis C. Respiratory acidosis D. Respiratory alkalosis - Answers -A. Metabolic acidosis