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Medical Terminology and Concepts, Exams of Nursing

A wide range of medical terminology and concepts, including units of measurement, formulas, medication information, anatomy, physiology, and various medical conditions and their treatments. It provides a comprehensive overview of fundamental medical knowledge that could be useful for healthcare professionals, students, or individuals interested in understanding the medical field better. Topics such as cranial nerves, developmental milestones, electrolyte imbalances, neurological conditions, and various medical procedures and interventions. The level of detail and breadth of information suggests this document could be valuable as a reference or study material for medical, nursing, or allied health programs.

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 08/03/2024

rosze-macharia
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3K documents

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Download Medical Terminology and Concepts and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! MUST know for NCLEX airborne precaution - Answer MTV measles TB varicella droplet precauion - Answer SPIDERMAN Scarlet fever Sepsis Strepcoccal pharyngitis Parovirus B19 Pneumonia Pertussis Dipheteria Epiglottis Rubella Meningitis Mumps Meningital pneumonia Adenovirus after lumbar puncture position - Answer supine After total hip replacement position - Answer No adduction No flexion Knee amputation post position - Answer supin 24 hr prone position for shock - Answer modified trendenberg head elevated, leg elevated 20 degree pancreatitis pain relief - Answer NO MORPHINE give merperidine NMS - Answer you get hot-hyperpyrexia sweaty-diphoresis stiff-increased muscle tone BP, pulse, RR go up drool fetal heart tone - Answer ventilator alarm - Answer HOLD High-obstruction Low-disconnection, leak tetralog of fallot - Answer DROP defect of septal Rright ventricular hypertrophy Overriding aorta Pulmonary stasis-cyanosis 1teaspoon= ?ml 1 tablespoon= ? ml 1 oz = ? ml 1 cup- ? oz F= - Answer 1 teaspoon= 5 ml 1 tablespoon=15ml 1 oz=30 ml 1 cup= 8 oz F=9/5C+32 med of choice for vtach - Answer lidocaine med of choice for CHF - Answer ace inhibitor first sign of cystic fibrosis - Answer meconium ileus at birh fontannels closes - Answer anteior-18month posterio-6-8 weeks Cranial nerves - Answer Olfactory Optic Oculomotor Trochlear Trigeminal Abducens Facial Auditory Glossopharyngeal-gag Vagus-ah Accesory-shoulder Hypoglossal-tongue weakness anorexia lethargy/fatigue thready pulse/hypotension Also v dysrhythmia hyperK and hypoK ecg - Answer hyper- T peak, Wide QRS hypo-ST depressed, U wave decorticate, decerebrate - Answer decorticate-Cortex Decerebrate-cerebellar, brain stem Multiple sclerosis - Answer hyperreflexia vision change spasticity post pituitary gland removal post thyroid gland removal - Answer pit: watch hypocorisol; Diabetes Insipitus thyroid: hypocalcemia-tingling Intussuception Hirschsprung pyloric stenosis - Answer Intuss-suasage like, jellylike stool Hirs-ribbon-like stool pylo-olive mass, projectile vomit pul capillary wedge pressure - Answer 8-13 acetaminophen - Answer 4000/day diet fo cystic fibrosis - Answer high Na Low fat ADEK pancreatic enzymes babinski sign - Answer toes curl-good toes fan-bad extraocular eye movement CN - Answer CN3,4,6 injection sites - Answer 6 month- vastus lateralis toddler more than 18 mont-ventrogluteal children-gluteus maximus, deltoid post lumbar puncture - Answer flat 2-3 hr post cerebral angiogram - Answer flat pre EEG - Answer no sleep-tired, more unusual activity post liver biopsy - Answer right side post laparoscopy - Answer walk to decrease CO2 buildup pyelogram - Answer assess allergy to shellfish, iodine rusty sputum - Answer pneumonia ashma SS - Answer wheezing on EXPIRATION preschool school-age kids - Answer pre school-ascribe to phenomenon. st is due to earlier misbehavior, imaginary friend, "why? school=5 and up; need explanation toddler - Answer dont give choice kawasaki - Answer cardiac aneurysm first intervention for authonomic reflexia - Answer elevate HOB anticholinergic effects - Answer Cant spit-dry mouth Cant shit-urine retention Cant poop-constipation Cant see-blurry vision Halo - Answer have screwdriver near keep neck, head in brace strabismus - Answer botox patch GOOD eye to get weak eye stronger humulin R, N - Answer R before N R-clear N-cloudy cloudy outflow in peritoneal dialysis - Answer need intervention indicate peritonitis MMR shot - Answer subq transesophagel fistula - Answer 3C's coughing cyanosis choking Continuous drooling SS fractured hip - Answer adduction flexion external rotation shortening tetanus - Answer risus sardonicus machine like murmur - Answer patent ductus arteriosus epiglotitis SS - Answer 3 D's drooling dysphonia dysphagia nagel's rule - Answer -3 month +7 days thrombophlebitis - Answer Virchow Triad venous stasis endothelial damage hypercoagulability fetus labor steps - Answer descent flexion internal rotation extension external rotation expulseion CO2 in IICP - Answer CO2 causes vasodilation-so Low Co2, low ICP WBC count - Answer Never Let Monkeys Eat Banana neutrophil Lymphocyte Monocyte Eosinophil Basophi Greater to Lower sickle cell crisis intervention - Answer IV fluid then O2 lung cancer always think - Answer think SIADH confusion, weight gain, UO lacto vegetarian lacto-ovo vegetarian - Answer lacto veg-Yes dairy, milk; No egg lacto ovo veg-Yes egg, milk. dairy normal breath sounds - Answer vesicular-low, soft over peripheral lung fields bronchovesicular-harsh over mainstem bronchi bronchial-loud, coarse over trachea contact precautions - Answer MRSA RSV VRE C diff Scabies shingles eye infection herpes simplex Mrs. WEE Multidrug resistant Resp infection-RSV Skin infection Wound infect Enteric infection-C diff Eye-conjuctivities VCHIPS Varicella Cutaneous diphteheria Herpes simplex Impetigo Pediculosis Scabies Plays - Answer infant-solitary play- own activity toddler-parallle play-play alongside but not with associative-no group goal/ Follows a leader cooperative-school-organized rules, leader/follower relationship glasgow scale nursing - Answer arterial vs venous disorder - Answer arterial: thickend artery, calcification and plaque. weak, absent pulse; cool to touch; painful nonedema ulcer; ulcer usually small, circular, deep with minial xudate inter. claudification; bruit; place below heart. Ulcer/gangrene at most distal part (toes). Pain when elevate legs venous: Due to less venous return to heart that blood pool in the bottom. normal pulse, warm to touch, slight painful edema ulcer; ulcer large edematouc superficial, large amt of exudate blue/purple skin; elevate. Ulcer at ankle. leg edema at end of day. Meds for V.tach. A fib A flutter heart blocks - Answer A fib: diltiazem, metoprolo, digoxin to control v rate fundus after delivery - Answer at level of umbilicus 6-12 hour after delivery begining with day1, it goes down 1 fingerbreadth perday PKU - Answer give LOFENALAC-low phenylalanine but contant necessary mineral/vitamin alcohol withdrwal syndrome - Answer hyperalert startle easily anorexia tachycardia anxiety tremor hallucination insomnia Start 24-48 hr after last drink early vs late signs of lithium toxicity - Answer early-NV, slurred speech, muscle weakness, diarrhea, thirst, polyuris late-coarse hand tremor, ataxia, persistent GI upset, emntal change position after shock - Answer elevate lower extremities-perfusion to brain flail chest - Answer affected side go in during inspiration bulge out during expiration EEG - Answer dont sleep before normal infant weight, height, head circumference - Answer weight 5.5 to 9.5 lb height- 18-22 inches head circumference- 13.2-14 inch should be 1/4 body length infant - Answer 0-1 year weight double in 6mon, triple 12 mon social smile 2 mon peekaboo at 6 month separation anxiety at 6 month sit upright by 8 month crawal by 0 month pincer grasp by 10-12 mon walk with support 11 month-1 yr say few works with mama, papa 1 year solid food 5-6 month when does reflex disappear - Answer 3-4 month when does reflexes disappear rooting moro tonic neck/fencing stepping parkland formula for fluid resusciation - Answer for first 24 hr to stabilize burn victim 4X (weight kg) X (% body surface burned)=mL Give half in first 8 hour and other half over next 16 hr meds for H pylori - Answer omeprazole-PPI amoxicillimnn-ABX clarithromycin-ABX tumor lysis syndrome - Answer So hypoCa, Hyper-uric acid, HyperP, HyperK in regular Tumor lysis syndrome Treat wiht allopurinol that only affects uric acid. K, P, Ca stay same ages - Answer infant-birth-1yr todddler-1-3 pre school-3-6 school-6-12 adolescent-12-18 osteoarthritis vs RAfca - Answer osteoarthris-Non sysemic, non inflammatory- degenerative of joint RA_symmetric joint swelling, joint stiffness in morning PT, PTT, INR - Answer pt-prothrombin Time- 11-14 ptt-partial thrombin time-25 to 35-(1.5-2 times in heparin) INR-1 diet for diverticulosis - Answer no seed, nuts, popcorn, corn No cucumber, tmato-seeds can block High fiber, Low fat Torsades de pointes - Answer polymorphi V tachy from a prolonged QT interval hypospadias - Answer urethra open to ventral side of penis ventral-underside oral contraceptive - Answer inhibit ovulation changes consistency of cervical mucus change color and consistency of mucus beck triad - Answer cardiac tamponade narrow pulse pressure hypotension muffled heart sound JVD when resp acidosis, - Answer do incentive spirometer to effectively deep breathe Rhogam - Answer contains anti-Rh antibodies that destroy feta blood cell in mom blood bf her body can react to them inactivates fetal antigen AST normal range - Answer men 10-40 women 9-25 hematocrit - Answer men-45-50 women-38-47 hemoglobin normal range - Answer men-13.5 to 18 women-12-16 apTT - Answer 25-40 PT - Answer 10-13 INR - Answer 2-3 RBC - Answer men-4.5-6 women-4.2-5.4 sedimentation rate - Answer men-0-15 women 0-20 if high-inflammation, degenerative tissue destruction serum Ca - Answer 8.2-10.2 chloride - Answer 98-107 creatine - Answer men-0.7 to 1.3 women 0.5 to 1 phosphorus - Answer 2.4-4.5 if high, give calcium BUN - Answer 5-20 elevation vs depression BUN - Answer elevation-renal, HF< dehydration, HELLP depression-malnutrition, cirrhosis urine specific gravity - Answer 1.005 to 1.030 increase= fluid deficit alcohol withdrwal SS - Answer HITS Hallucination increased VS, Insomnia Tremors, delirium tremens Shake, sweat, seizure, stomach pain fat embolism syndrome - Answer resp distress mental changes petechial skin rash fever thrombocytooenia albumin - Answer 3.5-5 if low, fluid overload, ascities ammonia - Answer 15-45 if high, hepatic encephalopathy bilirubin - Answer 0.2 to 1.2 high-jaundice, itching 6 month immunization - Answer Be, DR HIP Hep B DTap Rotavirus Hib Inactivated polio Pneumococcal 2 and 4 month immunization - Answer DR HIP DTap Rotavirus Haemophilus. influenzae Inactivated polio pneumococcal position for retinal detachment paracentesis internal radiation/brachytherapy air embolism lumbar pucture pneumonua ARDS spinal tap in child post cholecystectomy wound evisceration liver biopsy amputation GERD post cardiac cath - Answer on affected side para-highh fowlder IR-bedrest emb- left side, trenden lumb-lateral recumbent pneumonua-good lung down ARDS-prone spinal-knee tuck in, head tuck in, back rounded out post cholec-SIMS wound-HOB with knee flexed liver-right side amp-elevate 24 hr then prone GERD-left turn HOB elevate cardiac cath-supinealco normal IOP - Answer 10-21 normal lactic acid - Answer 0.5 to 2.2 serum absolute neutrophil - Answer 2200-7700 cell if <500-severe neutropenia-infection! osteomalacia vs osteoarthritis RA osteoporosis - Answer osteomalacia-by vit D def-reversible, bone pain;fractire osteoarthritis-joint degenerate, calcify; crepitus, morning stiffness,decreased ROM'non inflammatory, non systemic RA-symmetric joint swelling, joint stiffness in morning alkalosis-hypoK iron food - Answer meat grn bean brown rice marine fish shell fish ionized salt breath sounds - Answer bronchial-loud, high pitch bronchovesicular-med pitch vesicular-soft breezy, low pitched variability in fetal heart - Answer absent-no amplitude minimal-<5 =CNS depressant, fetal sleep, premature, hypoxia moderate- 6-25= normal marked >25=unclear significance benzo for - Answer delirium frojm alcohol withdrwal status epilepsy folic acid diet - Answer grn leafy veg liver bean pea asparagus, brocoli, grn pea, fortified cereal, liver, fresh cooked beet, rice, tomato juice, orange, sunflower seed, peanut butter heart block poem - Answer nonrebreather mask nasal canula face mask venturi mask - Answer nonrereaher-close to 100% FIO2 nasal-44 simple face mask-60 venturi-55 intervention for septic shock - Answer 1. give fluids to keep up BP 2. give NE to keep up BP Draw blood for culture 4. give vancomcin 5. acetaminophen regular and NPH insulin - Answer RN R before N R-CleaR N-Cloudy med for a fib,, v tach, v fib, SVT - Answer afib-amiodarone, Ca blocker, beta blocker vtach-lidocaine in D5W, amiodarone vfib-defib, epi, ami SVT-adenosine, valsa normal digoxin level - Answer 0.5 to 2 normal lithium level - Answer 0.6-1.2 med for HF - Answer Ace inhibior + furosemide HPN stages - Answer Somogyi vs dawn - Answer Som=rebound hyperglycemia. Too much insulin. Decrease evening insulin Dawn-too little insulin. Increase evening insulin digoxin toxicity - Answer GNC GI-anorexia, nausea N-neuro-confusion, weakness, fatigue C-cardiac, bradycardia eye normal BMI - Answer 18.5-24.9 getting HR from ECG - Answer for regular rhythm count number of small boxes bet 2 R waves, 1500 divided by that number=HR Parkland formulat for fluid resuscitation - Answer for first 24 hr to stabilize burn victim 4X (weight kg) X (% body surface burned)=mL Give half in first 8 hour and other half over next 16 hr postpartum adaptation - Answer taking in- 24-48 hr-recovering. depends on nurse taking-hold 2-10 days-learning technical skills letting-go-10days. comfortable fluid deficit lab - Answer high BUN high hematocrit low UO low serum creatinine high urine specific gravitty nephrotic syndrome - Answer 1. massive proteinuria 2. hypoalbuminemia 3. edema 4. hyperlipidemia-increased protein and increased lipid production by liver. DUe to glomerular injury Serotonin SYndrom SS - Answer MAN M-mental-agitation, anxiety Autonomic dys-hyperthermia, diaphoresis, tachy, HPN Neuromuscular hyperactivity-rigidity, clonus, tremor types of abortions-inevitable, complete, missed, threatened - Answer inevitable-abd cramp, passing clots, spotting, dilation complete-passage of product of conception missed-no SS, fetus died and is not passed threatened-cramping, bleeding but NO dilationn -dipine - Answer Ca channel blocker nifedipine, nisoldipine, filodipine -risk: dry cough, hypotension, tachycaria -check BP and pulse -limited caffeine and no grapefruit juice -take before meals -avoid high-fat foods Glaucoma meds - Answer -oprost -zolamide -dine -oprost - Answer latanoprost, travoprost, bimatoprost Treats: Glaucoma -increased brown pigment in iris -eyelash growth -zolamide - Answer acetazolamide, brinzolamide, dorsolamide tx: glaucoma -Risk: orthostatic hypotension, tingling in hands/feet -assess for metabolic acidosis -Sulfa ALLERGY alert -tidine - Answer ranitidine, cimetidine, famotidine Histame-2 Antagonist Treats: GI ulcers -cigarette smoking negates affect Can do ENEMA fingerstick gluc ROM exercises oral care for vent pt oral nonsterile suctioning oral care No applying elastic bandage Can apply abd binder cannot "monitor" cant orient clinet to envt cant encourage independence cannot check gag reflex/swallowing reflex implement isoaltion precaution-display sign, stock, remind visitors to wear mask REapply restraints after toilet report changes in skin to RN Clergy work-contact dieition for consult Cant monitor for changes can empty, compress hemovac drainage and measure drainage output Cant notify xray or other dept to communicate info on pt Cant notify HCP of changes-just contact feed-but not those at aspiration risk obtain blood product from blood bank Can measuer==re ankle and rachial presusure to have ankle-rachial index but cant calculate cant check VS during exercise test Yes reapplying sequential compression devise obtain clean catch urine specimen empty urine draiange bag No Foley cathetor specimen collection bcc sterile no admission VS cannot measure to choose size for compression stockings Report changes to RN reapply pneumatic compression device cant collect specimen from Foley cath bc sterile procedure neurogenic shock hypotension bradycardia pink and dry skin vasodilation usually from cervical or T6 and higher injuries need fluids transport bathe turn report HCP noninvasive and nonsterile VS CPR can clease superficial wound with aseptic Can do ENEMA fingerstick gluc ROM exercises oral car decrease/increase preload - Answer increase-colloid, fluid decrease-morphine, nitrate, diuretic increase/decrease afterload - Answer increase-vasopressor decrease-ACE, ARB, nitroprusside increase/decrease contractility - Answer increase-dopamine, dobutamine,digoxin decrease-beta blocker, ca channel blocker hyponatremia - Answer SALT LOSS Seizures & Stupor Abdominal cramping, attitude changes (confusion) Lethargic Tendon reflexes diminished, trouble concentrating (confused) Loss of urine & appetite Orthostatic hypotension, overactive bowel sounds Shallow respirations (happens late due to skeletal muscle weakness) Spasms of muscles MAOI - Answer PHENELZINE Isocarboxazid Tranylcypromine MS vs myasth gravis - Answer MS-visual, numb extremity, dysphagia, tremor, gait, change in bowel -avoid stress fatigue; methlpredison, dexamethason, methotraxate MG-muscle fatigue, weakness, diplopia, difficut chew, talk, swallow-affect all but heart -steroid, anticholinersterase, rest, what can lpn do - Answer Stable pt with chronic (COPD) IM, Po, subQ meds ABX dressing suction urinary cath ostomy care monitor drainage can take initial med hx irrigate ostomy, access bowel sounds, stoma color NO IV meds no med to unstable pt cannot evaluate response to med attaching cardiac monitor leads obtain 12 lead ECG some piggyback IV meds 24 hr postop; 72 hr after MI reinforce teaching (no initial) review medications can have contagious cannot evaluate no nursing care plan ostomy care, tube patency, enteric feeding monitor assessment finding after RN initial findings consult with dietition for modification but cant initiate consult NO IV, PICC, main IV, enteric feeding CAnt teach-preop, discharge, newly admit NO ECG? CANNOT check blood cant check blood give bolus/continuous tube feeding program feeding pump