Medical Terminology and Procedures, Exams of Radiology

Download Medical Terminology and Procedures and more Exams Radiology in PDF only on Docsity! RADT 1001: Final Exam A sandbag cannot be placed directly over the injured site for which of the following reasons? A. Because its radiopaque B. Because it decreases radiographic density of the image C. Because it reduces physical strain on the patient D. Because its radiolucent - ANS A. Because it's radiopaque Which of the following is the study of older adults? A. Middle-Aged Adults B. Mature Adults C. Pediatrics D. Gerontology - ANS D. Gerontology In determining the severity of a patient's ankle injury, which of the following questions would be asked? A. "How did the injury happen?" B. "Can you put any weight on the injured ankle?" C. "Have you put any weight on the injured ankle?" D. "When did the injury happen?" - ANS B. "Can you put any weight on the injured ankle?" Which of the following is one of the most commonly used immobilization devices used in radiography? - ANS Positioning sponges Which of the following body parts does a backboard help to immobilize? A.Thoracic Spine B. Lower Extremities C.Pelvis D. All of the responses are correct - ANS D. All of the Responses are correct When assessing a patient for a stand-by assist trANS fer from the wheelchair to their bed, what should be the first priority of the radiographer? - ANS Talk with the patient before he or she moves to determine how much assistance is required for the trANS fer Which of the following diminishes the accomplishments, contribution, and values of one culture in favor of those of the mainstream culture? - ANS Assimilation Dr. Carl Rogers identifies several qualities that appear to be important in establishing an open dialogue. Which of the following are some of those qualities? A. Respect B. Empathy C. Genuineness D. All of the responses are correct - ANS D. All of the responses are correct Which of the following is a relation of harmony and accord between two persons? - ANS Rapport Which of the following is considered the most effective method to reduce patient motion while achieving a radiographic image of a body part? - ANS Communication with the patient When conducting the patient interview for data collections. which of the following needs to be considered? - ANS Objective data are not necessarily more important than subjective data How does one respond to questions from patients or visitors regarding the results of their xrays? - ANS Instruct the patients to call their physician for the results Which of the following is the irrational feat of homosexuality, accompanied by hostility toward individuals who are or are perceived to be homosexual, gay, lesbian, or bisexual? - ANS Homophobia The vital signs of a patient are as follows: heart rate 95 BP 120/75 temp 99.2 This information is considered which of the following? - ANS Objective Data Which of the following immobilization devices is (are) useful for imaging pediatric patients? A. Pigg-O-Stat B. Sheet Restraints C. Pediatric Positioning Chair D. All of the responses are correct - ANS D. all of the responses are correct A 52 year old female patient arrives in the radiology department for radiography of the chest. She is considered to be which of the following groups? - ANS Middle-Aged adult When lifting a patient, why would the radiographer stand with his or her feet apart? - ANS To increase the base of support during the lift Which of the following is regarded as the tendency toward viewing the norms and values of the individual's own culture as absolute and using them as a standard against which all other cultures are measured? - ANS Ethocentrism The primary meANS of communication for a hearing impaired patient is through what method? - ANS Writing Stability muscles are found in what location of the body? - ANS Torso A patient who sustained trauma to the abdomen, pelvis or lower extremities and internal hemorrhaging with unstable vital signs will have which of the following immobilization devices applied by the paramedics? - ANS Antishock Garment Which of the following is the most profound step that the US has undertaken to prevent discrimination toward people with a disability? - ANS The AmericANS with Disabilities Act of 1990 Which of the following is the ideal way to perform a trANS fer of the patient to or from their bed as one of the principles of lifting? - ANS Allow the patient to do as much work as he or she can According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, what is the reason that patients may behave abnormally when he or she first arrives for their hospital care? - ANS Their physiologic needs are not being met Which of the following characterizes the development of an infant? A. They prefer to be wrapped tightly in a blanket B. They like to be held in a familiar position C. They prefer to hear a steady, soothing voice D. All of the responses are correct - ANS D. All of the responses are correct In regard to Social Service, which of the following is defines as the exact and precise an area as possible for the patient's complaint which requires the use of carefully worded questions accompanied by proper touching of the patient? - ANS Localization All of the following are examples of nonverbal communication except what? - ANS Asking the patient for a medical history What is meant by the statement, "to stand tall in pediatric radiology you have to get down on your knees?" - ANS Communication with the pediatric patient is best accomplished at eye level Approximately what percentage of the world's population has some type of disability? - ANS 10% What is the center of gravity for a standing patient? - ANS At approximately the second sacral segment For a two person lift, what will the person lifting the torso grab onto of the patient's body? - ANS Crossed Forearms When one patient describes a cough as "productive" and another patient describes a cough as "nonproductive," which element of the clinical history does this fall under? - ANS Quality Which of the following cart trANS fers has the greatest potential for back strain to the radiographer, especially when the patient is too heavy or has a serious injury? - ANS Draw Sheet Sender, message receiver, and feedback are elements of which of the following items? - ANS Communication Process Which of the following elements represents one of the steps for the standing pivot trANS fer when trANS ferring a patient who cannot move independently from a wheelchair to the xray table? - ANS The radiographer will position the wheelchair at a 45 degree angle so that the patient's stronger side is closer to the xray table A patient schedules an appointment to have a barium enema on Friday at 8am. The patient is given the intestinal prep and instruction to follow in preparation for the exam. The scheduling department instructs the patient to arrive at 7:45am in the radiology department. The patient is considered as which of the following classifications of clients? - ANS Outpatient A patient discusses his or her condition with the radiologist. After the radiologist leaves the room, the patient begins to cry. The radiographer sits down next to the patient and takes hold of the patient's hand. What example of touch is being demonstrated? - ANS Emotional Support Which of the following is an objective evaluation and determination for the statutes of a patient? - ANS Patient Assessment As a patient is describing the pain in his or her hand, why is it important for the radiographer to make eye contact with the patient? - ANS It makes the patient feel that what he or she is saying is important Which of the following describes physical actions involved in the unequal treatment of people because they belong to a certain category, group, or race? - ANS Discrimination Which of the following statements is used to describe all types of wheelchair trANS fers? - ANS TrANS fer the patient towards their strong side whenever possible Which of the following is designated to individuals that were born between 1966 and 1980? - ANS Generation X Effective interaction with a non-English patient is generally enhanced by doing what? - ANS Using touch, facial expressions, and pantomime How should radiographers handle patients who are combative as a result of their frustration? - ANS Acknowledge the patient's anger to help him or her over it Which of the following statements best describes the advantage(s) of using a spine board? A. It can be used to lift the entire patient onto the radiologic table B. It is radiolucent, and therefore the entire body can be radiographed through the board C. It is used to immobilize and support the patient's body D. All of the responses are correct - ANS D. All of the responses are correct Which of the following is the purpose of using inflatable trousers? - ANS To slow the rate of hemorrhage Which of the following immobilization devices should be utilized for an (upright) standing lateral chest xray on a non-ambulatory patient? - ANS Velcro Straps A patient describes her chest pain as "it feels like someone is standing on my chest." This information is considered to be what type of data? - ANS Subjective Which of the following statements is true of immobilization devices applied to trauma patients? - ANS They must be left in place while the initial radiologic images being taken Which of the following is a valid reason for having a dress code for student radiographers? A. It helps patients feel more comfortable in the student's presence B. It helps patients feel more confident in the student's abilities C. It helps patients develop a trust in the student D. All of the responses are correct - ANS D. All of the responses are correct All of the following radiologic procedures can utilize positioning sponges except what? - ANS Upright PA Chest Why would it be beneficial to sit with the patients and child in the waiting room to get history of the child and explain the radiologic procedure? - ANS It provides the child the opportunity to become familiar with the radiographer, his or her uniform, and the radiology department Regarding nonverbal communication, how do patients receive signals about the radiographer's attitude toward them? A. Pitch, stress, and tone of voice B. Speech rate and volume of voice C. Accent and quality of voice D. All of the responses are correct - ANS D. All of the responses are correct Which of the following is defines as the study of laws of physics, specifically the laws of mechanics, as they apply to living bodies at the rest in motion? - ANS Biomechanics Why does orthostatic hypotension occur in patients who have been in bed for long periods of time? - ANS The patient experiences a decrease in vasomotor tone in the blood vessels resulting in a decrease of oxygen to their brain For which type of patient is it appropriate to use a hydraulic lift? - ANS An obese patient What term describes the primary medical problem as defined by the patient; important because it focuses on the ethical history toward the single most important issue? - ANS Chief Complaint Taking a clinical history of a patient who is about to have x-ray of the abdomen should begin with which of the following questions? - ANS "What type of abdominal problems have you been having?" Invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissues that may be clinically inapparent or may result in local cellular injury as a result of competitive metabolism, toxins, intracellular replication, or antigen-antibody response - ANS Infection Complete destruction or elimination of all living microorganisms accomplished by physical methods (dry or moist heat), chemical agents (ethylene oxide, formaldehyde, alcohol), radiation (ultraviolet, cathode), or mechanical methods (filtration) - ANS Sterilization _____________ microorganisms cause infectious disease - ANS Pathogenic Are neither prokaryotic nor eukaryotic; they are considered obligate intracellular paracites - ANS Virus General term used to denote a group of eukaryotic protists (including mushrooms, yeasts, rusts, molds, and smuts) that are characterized by the absence of chlorophyll and by the presence of a rigid cell wall - ANS Fungi Have the ability to grow in two distinct forms, either as a single-celled yeast or as filamentous hyphae - ANS Dimorphic Infection that patients acquire while they are receiving treatment for another health care issue - ANS Health Care-Associated Infection (HAI) Infection that is the result of intervention with a physician - ANS Iatrogenic Infection Responsible for removing foreign particles -- engulfing and destroying them - ANS Phagocyte Procedure used to prevent contamination by microbes and endospores before, during, or after surgery using sterile technique - ANS Surgical Asepsis Reduction in numbers of infectious agents, which in turn, decreases the probability of infection but does not necessarily reduce it to zero Removal or destruction of infected material - ANS Medical Asepsis Used to clean out deep wounds - ANS Hydrogen Peroxide Single most important mean of preventing the spread of infection - ANS Hand Washing Contact Precaution - ANS MRSA Describes a product or method that is free of microbiological organisms - ANS Aseptic Sterile draping needs to be? - ANS Clean and dry First step of sterile draping - ANS Confirming that the package is sterile Who pulls the gown up and fastens the back and waistband of the gown? - ANS Nonsterile Circulator What is the first task in providing care to a patient with a tracheostomy? - ANS Establish Communication Which parts of the gown are considered sterile? - ANS The sleeves and the front from the waist up How must people in sterile gowns pass each other? - ANS Back to back What is chest radiography often used to verify? - ANS The placement of intravenous and intraarterial lines What is the most common approach used to maintain a sterile field? - ANS Draping the image intensifier and C-arm AKA a snap cover If a patient with a NG tube is to be trANS ferred, what must a radiologic technologist do? - ANS Confirm that the physician has given an order allowing the trANS fer and interruption of suctioning In what direction should a female patient be wiped to avoid contamination of the genital area? - ANS From the mons pubis toward the rectal area Liquid treatment most commonly used to relive severe constipation - ANS CleANS ing Emema Types of CleANS ing Ememas - ANS Tap Water Saline Solutions Hypertonic Solutions Soap Suds Solutions In a typical single-contrast barium enema, the bag containing the barium is? - ANS Suspended from an IV pole higher than the level of the patient on the table (usually 30 in) What must be done before removing a rectal catheter? - ANS The inflatable cuff must be deflated What are two things that are seen when doing a double-contrast barium enema? - ANS Barium and Air Cerebrovascular accident - ANS Drugs that relieve pain without causing loss of consciousness - ANS Analgesics Propofol (Diprivan) - ANS General Anesthetic Diazepam (Valium), Lorazepam (Ativan) - ANS Antianxiety Agents Ciprofloxacin (Cipro), Penicillin - ANS Antibiotics Ranitidine (Zantac), Famotidine (Pepcid), LANS oprazole (Prevacid), Omeprazole (Prilosec) - ANS Antiulcer Agents Albuterol (ProAir HFA) - ANS Bronchodilator Alteplase (tPA, Activase) - ANS Thrombolytics Nitroglycerin - ANS Vasodilators Needles _______ inches in length are most commonly used for IV injections - ANS 1 to 1 1/2 Syringe parts - ANS Tip, barrel, plunger Most commonly used intramuscular injection sites - ANS Deltoid Muscle Vastus Lateralis Gluteus Maximus ________ needles are generally used for subcutaneous and intramuscular injections, and _______ needles are used for intravenous injections. - ANS Long-bevel Short-bevel Acceptable flow rate - ANS 10-20 drops per minute Most commonly used intravenous injection sites - ANS Cephalic and Basilic Vein - ANS 18-24 inches Agents appear dark, negative contrast agents, composed of elements with low atomic numbers - ANS Radiolucent Air can cause - ANS emboli Which particle begins with a six-carbon bonded hexagon called Benzene? - ANS Anion Nonionic Iodine Contrast Media = lower or higher osmolality contrast media? - ANS Lower Osmolality Contrast Media Simple molecules of a compound of relatively low molecular weight - ANS Monomers Increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels indicate that the patient may have? - ANS Renal disease A radionuclide that is attached to a pharmaceutical that has a specific biodistribution in the human body - ANS Radiopharmaceutical Situations requiring moral judgement between two or more equally problem-fraught alternatives; two or more competing moral norms are present, creating a challenge about what to do - ANS Ethical Dilemmas Systematic study of rightness and wrongness of human conduct and character as known by natural reason - ANS Ethics Belief that the worth of actions is determined by their ends or consequences; actions are right or wrong according to the balance of their good and bad consequences - ANS Consequentialism Refusing to do procedure because shift is over Is an example of what? - ANS Ethical Outrage Generally accepted customs, principles, or habits of right living and conduct in society and the individual's practice in relation to these - ANS Morals Use of moral principles as a basis for defending a chosen path of action in resolving an ethical dilemma - ANS Principle-Based Ethics Justified claims that an individual can make on individuals, groups or society; divided into legal and moral - ANS Rights Belief that individual rights provide the vital protection of life, liberty, expression, and property - ANS Rights-Based Ethics Types of laws - ANS Constitutional Legislative Case Most common medical malpractice claims are from - ANS Negligence A patient's claim that he or she has been wronged or has sustained some injury, other than a breach of contract, and for which cause may exist for an action to receive compensation for damages is known as a - ANS Tort Claim may arise when a patient believes he or she has been threatened in such a way that reason to fear or to expect immediate bodily harm exists - ANS Assult Any unlawful touching of another that is without justification or excuse - ANS Battery Describes how a patient is injured through no fault of his or her own while in the complete control of another - ANS Res Ipsa Loquitur In cases of medical negligence, the well-established theory asserts that the physician or the health care facility is responsible for the negligent acts of its employees - ANS Respondeat Superior Requires the hospital or health care entity to be responsible for the quality of care delivered to patients in their facilities - ANS Corporate Liability Required when a patient is subjected to any type of invasive procedure - ANS Informed Consent A procedure that would require informed consent is? - ANS Cerebral Angiograph Do elements with a HIGHER or LOWER atomic number absorb more? - ANS Higher Functions of Health Information Management Department (HIMD) - ANS Maintenance Retrieval Storage When IV leaks into tissue it is called - ANS Infiltration/Extravasion Reimbursements of outpatient - ANS APCs Contraindication for perferation - ANS BaSO4 (Barium Sulfate) Professional ethics make up the code of a profession based on - ANS Human Vales or Moral Principles Clopidogrel (Plavix) Abciximab (ReoPro) - ANS Antiplatelets Drugs that reduce smooth muscle tone, motility of the GI tract, and secretions from respiratory tract and secretory glands - ANS Anticholinergics Drugs that inhibit clotting of the blood or increase the coagulation time - ANS Anticoagulants Respiratory or circulatory collapse - ANS Anaphylaxis Substance composed of two or more elements combined in definite ratios that give the substance specific properties - ANS Compound Dissociates into two molecular particles in water or blood plasma, just as table salt does - ANS Ionic Media Formation of flaky masses resulting from precipitation or coming out of a suspension or solution - ANS Flocculation What is it called when the powder, Barium Sulfate, clumps and comes out of suspension? - ANS Flocculation Contrast media example of a compound that must be shaken into suspension - ANS BaSO4 (Barium Sulfate) Measure of the total number of particles in a solution per kilogram of water - ANS Osmolality Most coagulants are commercial preparation of - ANS Vitamin K What should you do if infiltration occurs? - ANS remove needle apply pressure to the injection site apply warm, moist heat to relieve discomfort Developed that outlines the practice of these professionals in clinical, quality and professional performance - ANS Practice Standards for Medical Imaging Ferumoxytol (Feraheme) - ANS Antianemic