Microbiology Final Exam 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS 2024/2025 CORRECT, Exams of Nursing

Download Microbiology Final Exam 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS 2024/2025 CORRECT and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! Microbiology Final Exam 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS 2024/2025 CORRECT microorganisms. The majority of oxygen in earth's atmosphere is a product of photosynthesis by? Multiple experiments were designed and repeated to explain all aspects of the observed phenomena without disproving the original hypotheses. The theory of evolution and the germ theory of disease are so called because? True A hypothesis must be tested many times before it can be considered a theory. T/F animals. Starch is the primary storage food for all of the following except? Contains thymine Which pertains to DNA but not to RNA? Staphylococcus Mannitol salt agar is selective for organisms in which bacterial genus? Differential Which type of medium distinguishes different types of microorganisms based on an observable change in the colonies or in the medium? Bacillus. Bacterial endospores are produced by? gram-negative bacteria Lipopolysaccharide is an important cell envelope component of? True Rough endoplasmic reticulum is studded with ribosomes. T/F? how they move. (Motility) Protozoa are classified into four groups based on? the fecal-oral route from contaminated food or water. Amoebic dysentery is most commonly contracted through? Segments How do you distinguish between a flat worm and a round worm? In absence of lactose, repressor binds to operator, doesn't bind to lactose. Lactose repressor is found in E. coli. How does repressor work? genotype; phenotype The genetic makeup of an organism is referred to as its ________;whereas the observable traits due to gene expression are referred to as its__________? gel electrophoresis. A technique that separates a readable pattern of DNA fragments is? restriction endonucleases. HEPA filters are used to remove microbes from? Gastrointestinal tract Organisms that cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea usually enter the body through which portal of entry? FALSE The terms pathogenicity and virulence can be used synonymously because they both refer to an organism's ability to cause disease. T/F Pathogens cause disease and their virulence describes the degree of pathogenicity. The difference between the terms pathogenicity and virulence is that? ...are secreted by pathogenic organisms. Exotoxins... Incidence rate Number of new cases of a disease divided by the population at risk? Mortality rate The total number of deaths in a population due to a disease is the _________ rate. FALSE Highly contagious diseases (diseases that spread easily) often/always have a high case fatality rate. T/F Healthy classmates of the children with diarrhea. Following an outbreak of a diarrheal illness in school children, which would be the best group to use as a control in a case-control study? Phagocytosis is one way foreign cells are destroyed by the immune system. Select the statement that most accurately reflects a function of the immune system. Edema The leakage of vascular fluid into tissues is called? Pyrogens The circulating substances that affect the hypothalamus and initiate fever are? Injury and mast cells releasing chemical mediators What is the first step in the major events of the inflammatory process? Interferon Which protein can be produced by a virus-infected cell, in order to communicate with other cells that need to produce antiviral proteins? activate B cells and other T cells. Helper T cells... secrete antibodies. Plasma cells... a set of glycoproteins, called MHC antigens, found on all body cells. The major histocompatibility complex is? four antigen binding sites. The monomer subunit of immunoglobulin molecules has all of the following except? clonal deletion. Destruction of lymphocytes with self-specificity is called? Type 1 only Atopy and anaphylaxis are hypersensitivities in the category(ies)? reverses constriction of airways. Epinephrine... O. A person who produces anti-A and anti-B serum antibodies will have blood type? is at risk for a pregnancy resulting in hemolytic disease of the newborn. A female who is Rh-... ADA deficiency. An example of SCID, in which both B and T cell function is altered, is? Antibody response Which of the following is not a phenotypic method of identification? has been exposed to tuberculosis. A positive serological test for tuberculosis indicates that the patient? Biochemical tests Which test cannot be used for identification of a person's HIV status? Results in amplification of sample DNA Choose the statement that best describes PCR's usefulness in infectious disease diagnosis. Does she have an abnormal heart valve or a murmur? Your 49-year-old mother has just been diagnosed with subacute endocarditis with the following symptoms: fever, a rash, and early congestive heart failure. You wonder how this infection occurred, particularly since she appeared to be healthy before this. Which of the following questions for her physician is most pertinent to understanding the cause of this infection? The presence of microbes in the blood results in increased viscosity, and a rise in blood pressure is a hallmark of sepsis. Which of the following statements regarding sepsis is incorrect? Dengue fever Which type of hemorrhagic fever is also known as "breakbone fever" because of the severe pain in muscles and joints? Bordetella pertussis. The causative organism of whooping cough is? Influenza B viruses undergo both antigenic drift and antigenic shift. Which of the following is not true of influenza? adolescents and young adults. People at greatest risk for pneumococcal infections include all the following except? True The pathogen that causes Legionnaires' pneumonia also causes a milder infection called Pontiac fever. T/F FALSE Only feces from humans that contaminates food and water can be involved in transmission of amoebiasis. T/F is principally transmitted by blood. transmission risks include shared needles, anal intercourse, and heterosexual intercourse. is transmitted to newborns from chronic carrier mothers. has many chronic carriers. All of the choices are correct. Hepatitis B virus...? encystment occurs on a freshwater plant. The transmission cycle of Fasciola hepatica differs from the cycles of Opisthorchis sinensis and Clonorchis sinensis in that? Both organisms release eggs in the feces to propagate the helminth. Both Taenia and Trichinella can be found as cysts embedded in pork muscle. Which of the following statements about these organisms is incorrect? True The second line of defense includes inflammation, phagocytosis, fever, and antimicrobial proteins. T/F