Milady Esthetics State Board Questions & Answers Correct, Exams of Esthetics

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Milady Esthetics State Board Questions & Answers

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 What does OSHA stand for? - answers Occupational Safety and Health Administration  was created by the US department of labor to regulate and enforce safety and health standards to protect employees in the work place... - answers OSHA  This regulates employee exposure to potentially toxic substances and inform employees about the possible hazards of materials used in the work place? - answers occupational safety and health act of 1970  This requires that chemical manufacturers and importers assess and communicate the potential hazards associated with their products. - answers hazard communication standard or hcs  This contains information compiled by the manufacturer about product safety. - answers Material Safety Data Sheet or Msds  Registers all types of disinfectants sold and used in the United States. - answers EPA  What does EPA stand for? - answers Environmental Protection Agency  Chemical products that destroy all bacteria, fungi, and viruses (but not spores) on surfaces. - answers Disinfectants

 This is effective for cleaning blood and bodily fluids. - answers Hospital Disinfectants  This means that an item is made or constructed of a material that has no pores or openings and can not absorb liquid. - answers Nonporous  An abnormal condition of all or part of the body, or it's systems or organs, that makes the body incapable of carrying on normal function. - answers Disease  What was the bacteria that caused over 100 clients in one California salon to develop serious skin infection in there legs after receiving a pedicure. - answers Microbacterium fortuitum  The invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens. - answers Infection  The methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms. - answers Infection control  The four types of potentially harmful organisms? - answers Bacteria, Fungi, Viruses, Parasites  This is caused by pathogenic organisms that enter the body. - answers Infectious Disease

 A mechanical process (scrubbing) using soap and water to remove all visible dirt, debris, and many disease causing germs from tool, implements and equipment. - answers Cleaning  The process of _____ destroys most, but not necessarily all, harmful organisms on environmental surfaces. (not effective against spores) - answers Disinfecting  Be sure to mix and use disinfectants according to what? - answers the instructions on the label.  One celled microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics.

• answers Bacteria  Harmless organisms that may perform useful functions. - answers Nonpathogenic  These bacteria are harmful microorganisms that can cause disease or infection in humans when they invade the body. - answers Pathogenic  Round shaped bacteria that appear singly (alone) or in groups. - answers Cocci  Pus forming bacteria that grows in clusters like a bunch of grapes. - answers Staphylococci  This bacteria causes abscesses, pustules, and boils. - answers Staphylococci

 Pus forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string of beads. - answers Streptococci  This bacteria causes strep throat and blood poisoning. - answers Streptococci  This bacteria is spherical and grows in pairs. - answers Diplococci  This bacteria causes pneumonia. - answers Diplococci  Short rod-shaped bacteria - answers Bacilli  Most common bacteria and causes tetanus (lock jaw), typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria. - answers Bacilli  Spiral or corkscrew shaped bacteria - answers Spirilla  Bacteria that causes syphilis, STDs, and Lyme disease. - answers Spirilla  Slender, hairlike extensions for locomotion. (moving about) - answers flagella  Transmission of blood or bodily fluids through touching - answers Direct transmission

 Transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with an contaminated object. - answers Indirect transmission  nonscientific synonym for disease production organism. - answers germs  Organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or in other organisms. - answers Parasites  Various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms. - answers Toxins  Parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in cells of biological organisms. - answers Virus  Hairlike extensions on cells that make them move. - answers Cilia  The division of bacteria cells into two new cells. - answers Binary fission  What are the new cells called after binary fission? - answers Daughter cells  Characterized by redness, heat, pain, and swelling. - answers inflammation  a fluid created by infection. - answers Pus  This bacteria is responsible for food poisoning and toxic shock syndrome. - answers Staphylococci

 This highly resistant bacteria can appear as skin infection such as pustules, rashes, and boils and can be hard to cure. Some people carry the bacteria and not even aware of it. Without proper treatment, this infection can result in death! - answers MRSA (methicillin resistant Staphylococci aureus)  When a disease is spread from one person to another person. - answers contagious disease  This is able to replicate only through taking over a host cells reproductive functions. - answers Virus  Reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals or other normally harmless substances. - answers Allergy  The presence of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item's surface. - answers Contamination  The removal of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item's surface. - answers Decontamination  Determination of the nature of a disease from its symptoms and/or tests. - answers Diagnosis  This prevents viruses from growing in the body. - answers Vaccines

 What is more difficult to kill than germs that live outside the body. - answers Blood born pathogens  Which hepatitis is most difficult to kill on a surface? - answers Hepatitis B  What does HIV stand for? - answers Human Immunodeficiency Virus  What does AIDS stand for? - answers Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome  This virus can infect the bottom of the foot and resemble small black dots. - answers HPV (Human Papillomavirus)  tinea barbae is all so known as? - answers barbers itch  microscopic plant parasites that include mold, mildew and yeast. - answers Fungi  Another fungus that affects plants or grows on inanimate objects but does not cause human infections in the salon. - answers Mildew  This is the most basic cause of fungal infections, causes skin, hair, and nail infections. - answers Dermatophytes  tinea pedis or Tinea corporis also know as... - answers ringworm

 Inflammation of the hair follicles caused by bacterial infection from ingrown hairs due to shaving. - answers Folliculitis  Tinea versicolor also known as... - answers sun spots  Name 5 ways a pathogenic bacteria, virus or fungi can enter the body? - answers Broken skin, mouth, nose, eyes or ears, unprotected sex.  Contagious skin disease caused by an itch mite that burrows under the skin.

• answers Scabies  The ability of the body to destroy and resist infections. - answers Immunity  What is involved with Decontamination Method 1? - answers clean then disinfect  What is involved with Decontamination Method 2? - answers cleaning then sterilizing  List the levels of decontamination from lowest to highest. - answers cleaning, disinfecting, sterilization.  This is used in the destruction of all microbes through heat and pressure. - answers autoclave  Any disinfectants used in the salon or spa should carry an _____. - answers EPA registration number

 The process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores. - answers Sterilization  What does CDC stand for? - answers Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  The ability to produce effect. - answers Efficacy  Bleach should be diluted to a ___ percent solution. - answers 10  The number of organisms in or on an object or surface before decontamination or sterilization. - answers Bioburden  The ideal disinfectant would have what? - answers inexpensive, nontoxic, include strips for efficacy, readily available by manufacturers, EPA approved, environmentally friendly, no odor, noncorrosive.  What does quats stand for? - answers Quaternary ammonium compound  What are quaternary ammonium compounds? - answers disinfects that are very effective if used properly.  disinfectant that is also a down of formaldehyde. - answers Phenolic

 Detergents that break down stubborn films and remove the residue of products such as scrubs, salts, and masks. - answers Chelating soaps  Germicides formulated for use on skin? - answers antiseptic  Using this system, workers evaluated each client care situation and applied gloves if there is a risk of contact with visible blood. - answers Universal Precautions  assuming that all blood and body fluids are a source of infection. - answers standard precautions  Most common method for spending infection. - answers through the hands  contact with broken skin, blood or body fluids, or the infectious material. - answers exposure incident  shows no symptoms or signs of infection. - answers asymptomatic  minor burn affecting only the epidermis - answers first degree  burn that affects the top two layers, the epidermis and dermis - answers second degree  burn that affects all layers of the skin and will blister, swell and scar - answers third degree

 burns that have injuries the muscle, ligaments, tendons, nerves, blood vessels, and bone. - answers fourth degree  soap is most easily rinsed off with ____water. - answers warm, not hot  study of the structures of the human body. - answers anatomy  study of the functions and activities performed by the body's structures. - answers physiology  study of the tiny structures found in living tissue. microscopic - answers histology  basic unit of all living things. - answers cells  located in a cell; a colorless, jelly like substance in which food elements such as protein, fats and carbs and water are present. - answers protoplasm  3 main organelles (tiny organs) in a cell - answers nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane  dense, active protoplasm found in the center of the cell. - answers nucleus  what is the fluid within the nucleus that contains proteins, and DNA - answers nucleoplasm

 What does DNA stand for? - answers Deoxyribonucleic acid  all the protoplasm of a cell except that found in the nucleus. - answers cytoplasm  the part of the cell that encloses the protoplasm and permits soluble substances to enter and leave. - answers cell membrane  process of cell reproduction in living tissue that occurs when the cell divides into 2 identical daughter cells. - answers mitosis  what two small structures near the nucleus move to each side during mitosis to help divide the cell. - answers Centrioles  name the 5 favorable conditions for cell reproduction. - answers food, water, oxygen, suitable temperature, and ability to eliminate waste  name 3 unfavorable conditions for cell reproduction. - answers toxins, disease, and injury  name the 5 phases for mitosis in order. - answers interphase (resting), prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and back to interphase  a chemical process that takes place in living organisms where the cells are nourished and carry out activities. - answers metabolism

 metabolisms two phases - answers anabolism and catabolism  constructive metabolism, process of building up larger molecules from smaller. this process stores water, food and oxygen for when you need it. - answers anabolism  this phase in which complex compounds within the cells are broken down in to smaller ones. releases story energy. - answers catabolism  collection of similar cells that perform a particular fiction. - answers tissue  this tissue supports, protects, and binds together other tissues. - answers connective tissue  can you give me some examples of connective tissue? - answers bone, cartilage, ligaments, tendons, and adipose tissue.  this give smoothness and contour to the body. aka fat - answers adipose tissue  two protein fibers located in connective tissue. - answers elastin and collagen  this tissue is a protective covering on the body surface. - answers epithelial tissue

 can you give me some examples of epithelial tissue? - answers skin, mucous membranes, lining of heart, digestive, respiratory organs, and glands  contracts and moves the various parts of the Body - answers muscle tissue  carries messages to and from the brain and controls and coordinates all body functions. - answers nerve tissue  nerve tissue is composed of special cells known as ______. - answers neurons  structures composed of specialized tissues designed to perform a specific functions in plants and animal. - answers organs  groups of body organs acting together to perform one or more functions. - answers body systems  this system gives shape and support to the body, protects various internal structures and organs, help produce both white and red blood cells, stores calcium as well as phosphorus, magnesium and sodium. - answers skeletal system  Study of bones is called - answers Osteology  os means - answers bone  how many bones does a skeleton have? - answers 206

 how many joints does the body have - answers over 230  muscles are connected to the bone by what? - answers tendons  bones are connected to other bones by what? - answers ligaments  The connection between two or more bones of b the skeleton. - answers joints  two types of joints - answers movable and immovable  give examples of movable joints - answers elbow, knees, and hips  give examples of immovable joints - answers pelvis, or skull  there are how many bones in the head and what are the two groups? - answers 22 cranium and facial bones  hindmost bone in the skull, it forms the back of the skull above the nape of the neck - answers occipital bone  bones forms the sides and crown (top) of the cranium. - answers 2 parietal bones  bone that forms the forehead. - answers frontal bone

 bones that form the sides of the head in the ear region. - answers 2 temporal bones  light spongy between the eye sockets that form the nasal cavity. - answers ethmoid bone  joins all the bones in the cranium together. - answers sphenoid bone  how many bones in the cranium - answers 8 bones  how many facial bones? - answers 14  bones that form the bridge of the nose. - answers nasal bones  smallest and most fragile bones of the face, situated at the front inside part of the eye socket. - answers lacrimal bones  aka malar bones or cheek bones - answers zygomatic bones  bones that form the upper jaw - answers maxillary bones  forms the lower jaw bone, largest and strongest bone of the face - answers mandible

 thin layers of spongy bone on either of the outer walls of the nasal depression. - answers turbinal bones  flat, thin none that forms part of the nasal septum - answers vomer bone  bones that form the hard palate of the mouth. - answers palatine bones  U-shaped bone at the base of the tongue. - answers hyoid bone  the seven bones of the top of the vertebral column located in the neck region. - answers cervical vertebrae  the chest or pulmonary trunk consisting of the sternum, ribs, and thoracic vertebrae. - answers thorax  twelve pairs of bones forming the wall of the thorax - answers ribs  aka the shoulder blade. the large, flat, triangular none of the shoulder. - answers scapula  aka the breastbone. the flat none that forms the ventral (front) support of the ribs - answers sternum  aka the collar bone, the bone that joins the sternum and the scapula - answers clavicle

 uppermost WTF largest bone of the arm. elbow to shoulder - answers humerus  inner most and larger of the forearm, attached at the wrist on the side of the pinky. - answers ulna  smaller bone in the forearm on the side with the thumb. - answers radius  bones of the wrist - answers carpals  bones of the palm - answers metacarpals  bones of the fingers aka digits - answers phalanges  how many muscles in the body - answers over 630  study of the nature, structure, function, and disease of muscles - answers Myology  covers, shapes, and supports the skeletal tissue - answers muscular system  what percentage of the body is muscle? - answers 40  how many facial muscles? - answers 30

 aka skeletal or voluntary muscles. muscles that are attached to none and move by will. - answers striated muscles  aka involuntary or visceral or smooth, muscles functions automatically. - answers nonstriated muscles  involuntary muscles that make up the heart. - answers cardiac muscle  3 parts of the muscle and describe them. - answers origin-closest to the skeleton  belly-middle  insertion-farthest from the skeleton  pressure in massage is in what direction? - answers insertion to origin  aka the occipitofrontalis. is a broad muscle that covers the top of the scalp - answers epicranius  back of epicranius - answers occipitalis  front part of the epicranius - answers frontalis  a tendon that connects the occipitalis and the frontalis - answers epicranial aponeurosis  muscles above the ear that draws the ear upward - answers auricularis superior

 muscles in the front of the ear that draws the ear forward. - answers auricularis anterior  muscle that behind the ear that draws the ear backwards. - answers auricularis posterior  these 4 muscles of mastication aka chewing muscles - answers Masseter, temporalis, medial Pterygoid, and lateral pterygoid.  Broad muscle extending from the chest and shoulder to the chin? it is responsible for lowering the lower jaw and lip. - answers platysma  muscle extending along the side of the neck from ear to collarbone. - answers sternocleidomastoid  muscle located beneath the frontalis and orbicularis oculi, it draws the eyebrow down and wrinkles the forehead vertically - answers corrugator  the ring muscle of the eye socket; it closes the eye - answers orbicularis oculi  lowers the eyebrows and causes wrinkles across the bridge of the nose. - answers procerus  two part muscle which covers the nose that includes the traverse part and the alar part. which flairs your nostrils - answers nasalis

 thin flat muscle of the cheeks between the upper and lower jaw - answers buccinator  aka the triangularis muscle. the muscle extending alongside the chin that pulls down the corners of the mouth - answers depressor anguli oris  aka quadratus labii inferioris. muscle surrounding the lower lip that depress it and draws it to one side - answers depressor labii inferioris  aka caninus, muscle that raises the angle of the mouth and draws it inward.

• answers levator anguli oris  aka quadratus labii superioris, muscle that elevates the lip and dilates the nostrils - answers levator labii superioris  muscles that elevates the lower lip and raises and wrinkles the skin on the chin. - answers mentalis  muscle that is a flat band around the upper and lower lips that compresses, contracts, pucker. and wrinkles the lips - answers orbicularis oris  muscle that draws the corner of the mouth out and back as in grinning. - answers risorius  muscles extending from the zygomatic bone to the angle of the mouth that elevates the lip, as in laughing. - answers zygomaticus major and minor

 Large, flat, triangular muscle that covers the lower back - answers Latissimus dorsi  muscles of the chest that assist in the swinging movement of the arm - answers pectoralis major and minor  muscle of the chest that assist with breathing and in raising the arm - answers serratus anterior  muscle covers the back of the neck, shoulders, and upper and middle region of the back. - answers trapezius  muscles produce the contour of the front and inner side of the upper arm, lifts fore arm, flex elbow, and turns the palm outward. - answers biceps  large, triangular muscle covering the shoulder joint that allows the arm to extend outward and b to the side of the body. - answers deltoid  large muscle that covers the entire back of the upper arm and extends the forearm. - answers triceps  muscles that straighten the wrist, hand, and fingers to form a straight line. - answers extensors  extensor muscles of the wrist, are involved with flexing the wrist. - answers flexors

 muscles that turn the hand inward so the palm faces downward - answers pronators  muscle rotates the radius outward and the palm upward. - answers supinator  muscles that draw a body part away the midlife of the body. separates fingers - answers abductors  muscles that draw a body part inward toward the midlife of the body. draws fingers together - answers adductors  exceptionally well-organized system that is responsible for coordinating all the many activities that are performed by the body. - answers nervous system  study of structure, function, and pathology of the nervous system is... - answers neurology  consists of the brain, spinal cord, spinal nerves, and cranial nerves - answers central nervous system  system of nerves that connects the outer parts of body to the central nervous system, has sensory and motor nerves. - answers peripheral nervous system

 part of the nervous system that controls the involuntary muscles - answers autonomic nervous system  stimulates or speeds up activity and prepares the body for stressful Situations - answers sympathetic division  operates under normal, nonstressful conditions and helps restore and slow down activity, thus keeping the body in balance - answers parasympathetic division  largest most complex mass of nerve tissue in the body. - answers brain  the 4 main parts of the brain - answers cerebrum, cerebellum, the diencephalon, and the brain stem  controls sensation, muscles, glandular activity, and the power to think and feel. - answers the brain  makes up the bulk of the brain, located in the front, upper part of the brain.

• answers cerebrum  part of the brain that has an inner core of white matter, composed of bundles of axons each coated with a sheath of myelin, and core of gray matter, composed of masses of cell bodies and dendrites. - answers cerebrum

 this is part of the cerebrum from which most messages from the brain are sent, such as those conveying thought, hearing, and sight. - answers cerebral cortex  Latin for little brain - answers cerebellum  lies at the base of the cerebrum and is attached to the brain stem. - answers cerebellum  this acts to control movement, coordinate voluntary muscular activity, and maintain balance and equilibrium. - answers cerebellum  diencephalon is made up of 2 parts. - answers thalamus, hypothalamus  located in the upper part of the diencephalon, acts as a relay station for sensory impulses and plays a role in the recognition of pain and temperature in the body. - answers thalamus  located in the lower part of the diencephalon, controls mainly bodily functions such as body temperature, and controls the pituitary gland. - answers hypothalamus  connects the spinal cord to the brain - answers brain stem  brain stem consists of 3 parts - answers midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata