Milady Standard Esthetics: Chapter 2 - Anatomy & Physiology Exam Questions and Answers 202, Exams of Esthetics

Download Milady Standard Esthetics: Chapter 2 - Anatomy & Physiology Exam Questions and Answers 202 and more Exams Esthetics in PDF only on Docsity!

Milady Standard Esthetics: Chapter 2 - Anatomy &

Physiology Exam Questions and Answers 2024

How much blood does the human body contain? 8 to 10 pints What is a nutritive fluid flowing through the circulatory system? Blood What are platelets? Blood components that contribute to the blood clotting process What is the study of tiny structures found in living tissues? Histology What is one reason etheticians should study body systems, organs, and tissues? To understand the effect that services have on the body What is protoplasm? A substance of which the cells of all living things are composed What is the process of cell reproduction called? Mitosis What is the sternum? A flat bone that forms the ventral support of the ribs What is the fluid part of the blood that carries food and secretions to the cells and carbon dioxide from the cells? Plasma The origin part of a muscle is ____________________ to the skeleton. Attached What are the structures composed of specialized tissues and performing specific functions? Organs Why does the parathyroid gland regulate blood calcium and phosphorus levels? So the nervous and muscular system can function properly The pituitary gland is the most complex organ of the _____________________ system. Endocrine What organ in the endocrine system secretes enzyme-producing cells that are responsible for digesting carbohydrates, proteins, and fats? Pancreas What are the secretions that the endocrine glands release directly into the bloodstream and that influence the welfare of the entire body?

Hormones What is the primary function of the respiratory system? Breathing What is the primary function of the lymphatic/immune system? Protecting the body from disease What is a primary function of the skeletal system? Providing a physical foundation of the body What is the primary function of the circulatory system? Moving blood through the body What is covered, shaped, and supported by the muscular system? Skeletal tissue What body system is responsible for changing food into nutrients and waste? Digestive system What is the primary function of the excretory system? Purifying the body by elimination of waste matter What is the primary function of the reproductive system? Perpetuating the human race What is the body system that controls and coordinates all other body systems? Nervous system What is the connection between two or more bones of the skeleton? Joint What body system serves as a protective covering for the body? Integumentary system Connective, epithelial, muscle, and nerve are types of what found in the body? Tissue What are valves? Structures that close a passage or permit flow in one direction only What bone forms the back of the skull above the nape? Occipital How many identical daughter cells are formed when a cell divides during mitosis? 2 What body system affects the growth, development, sexual activities, and health of the body? Endocrine system Where in the body does the spinal cord originate? Brain What are glands? Specialized organs that remove and convert elements from the blood

What is the importance of lymph? To disperse white blood cells and cell nutrients What binds the tissues of the body together? Connective tissue What carries messages to and from the brain and controls and coordinates all body functions? Nerve tissue What organ circulates the blood? Heart What do the kidneys do? Excrete water and waste products As one of the major body organs the brain has the function of __________________. Controlling the body What is defecation? Eliminating waste from the body Which body system controls and coordinates all bodily functions? Nervous system Which body system regulates temperature and produces vitamin D? Immune/lymphatic system Which body system illuminates carbon dioxide as a waste product? Respiratory system The kidneys and bladder are part of the system. Excretory system Which type of muscle will esthetician's work with? Skeletal Which part of the muscle flexes but remain stationary? Origin What muscle draws the scalp backward? Occipitalis Which muscle causes wrinkles in the forehead? Frontalis This muscle closes the eyes. Orbicularis oculi Which thin, flat muscle between the upper and lower jaws compresses the cheeks and expels air between the lips? Buccinator This muscle pulls down the corners of the mouth. Triangularis

If you want to pucker up, you need to use the_________________ muscle. Orbicularis oris You can use this muscle to smile, but not grin. Levator anguli oris This muscle is used to grin. Risorius These muscles are used for chewing. Masseter and temporalis What are the three muscles of the ear called? Auricularis muscles When you turn your head, you are using the____________________ muscle. Sternocleidomastoid Which large, flat, triangular muscle covers the lower back? Latissimus dorsi When you show someone your muscles on your arm, you are most likely showing them your_______________. Biceps Which movement separates the fingers? Abduction When you bend forward, which muscle movement are you using? Flexion This movement is used to rotate the muscles. Supination How does massage help the muscle of the hand? Maintains pliability Why is it important as an esthetician to know about the muscles of the forearm? To maintain a good body mechanics Why should estheticians have a thorough understanding of anatomy and physiology? Estheticians must understand the effect that services will have on tissues, organs, and body systems. Cells are made up of a colorless, jellylike substance called ______________ in which food elements such as protein, fats, carbohydrates, mineral salts and water are present. Protoplasm The principal parts of the cell include the protoplasm,_______________________. Cell membrane, nucleus and mitochondria Found in the center of the cell, the ___________________ plays an important role in cell reproduction. Nucleus

What is the study of structures of the human body and substances these structures are made of? Anatomy What is the study of the functions and activities performed by the body structures? Physiology This movement is used to when muscles turn inward. Pronation Which movement draws the fingers together? Adduction This movement is used when muscles straighten. Extension What is the study of structure, function, and pathology of the nervous system? Neurology The ____________ connects the spinal cord to the brain. Brain stem The nervous system is divided into ______ main subdivisions. 3 Which nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, spinal nerves, and cranial nerves? Central Nervous System (CNS) Which nervous system connects the peripheral parts of the body to the central nervous system? Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Which nervous system controls the involuntary muscles? Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Estheticians are primarily concerned with nerves ______, ________, and _________. 5, 7, 11 There are _____ pairs of cranial nerves arising from the base of the brain and the brain stem. 12 This nerve reacts to a stimulus that involves movement of an impulse from a sensory receptor along the sensory nerve to the spinal cord and a responsive impulse back along a motor neuron to a muscle, causing a reaction. Reflex This nerve affects the skin of the forehead, upper eyelids, and interior portion of the scalp. Ophthalmic nerve This nerve affects the muscles of the chin and lower lip. Mandibular nerve This nerve affects the upper part of the face. Maxillary nerve What is the largest cranial nerve?

The fifth aka trifacial or trigeminal nerve This nerve affects the external ear and skin above the temple, up to the top of the skull. Auriculotemporal nerve This nerve affects the skin of the lower eyelid, side of the nose, upper lip and mouth. Infraorbital nerve This nerve affects the membrane and skin of the nose. Infratrochlear nerve This nerve affects the skin of the lower lip and chin. Mental nerve This nerve affects the point and lower side of the nose. Nasal nerve This nerve affects the skin of the forehead, scalp, eyebrow, and upper eyelid. Supraorbital nerve This nerve affects the muscles of the upper part of the cheek. Zygomatic nerve This nerve affects the muscles of the mouth. Buccal nerve These nerves affect the side of the neck and the platysma muscle. Cervical nerves This nerve affects the muscles of the chin and lower lip. Mandibular nerve This nerve affects the muscles behind the ear at the base of the skull. Posterior auricular nerve