Milady's Esthetics Chapter 12- Skin Analysis Questions And Answers, Exams of Medicine

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Analysis Questions And Answers

Learning Skin Types - correct answer ✅Learning about individual skin type and conditions is one of the most interesting aspects of skin care. Client skin analysis is a vital part of an esthetician's skills, since recommending the appropriate skin care products and regimen must be individualized to suit each person. Learning Skin Types - correct answer ✅Learning skin types-Before performing services or selecting products, an individual's skin type and conditions must be analyzed correctly. People want to know what their skin conditions are and what they can do to improve their skin's appearance. They rely on estheticians for information and education. Learning Skin Types - correct answer ✅Clients need to be educated about the benefits of professional skin care treatments. Skin analysis and consultations are also good marketing tools to introduce services and products to prospective clients. The first-time facial client may have specific skin concerns, or may just want to experience a relaxing spa service. Learning Skin Types - correct answer ✅Learning skin types- Be sure to let the client know what services are offered. This is an opportunity to promote all services in the spa. The consultation and skin analysis will help determine what

Analysis Questions And Answers

products to use and recommend. It is also a guide to determine the type of service to perform. Learning Skin Types - correct answer ✅Learning skin types-A client chart is used to record the analysis and consultation notes, an important part of record keeping. Additionally, estheticians need to know which services and products are contraindicated "prohibited". These "contraindications are factors that prohibit a treatment due to a condition. Learning Skin Types - correct answer ✅Learning skin types-Certain treatments could cause harmful or negative side effects to those who have specific medical or skin conditions. Skin conditions may be caused by both internal and external factors and unique to each individual. Ethnic skin also has unique conditions and challenges. Learning Skin Types - correct answer ✅Learning skin types-Products are formulated for different skin types "the classification that describes a person's genetic skin type" and conditions, and the number of new product lines grows annually. The consultation, health screening questions, and client chart are all used as part of an in-depth skin analysis. Why Study Skin Analysis - correct answer ✅Estheticians should study and have a thorough

Analysis Questions And Answers

understanding of skin analysis in order to understand each client's skin type and provide the best treatment regimen possible for each individual's skin type and condition. Why Study Skin Analysis- A - correct answer ✅Before performing services or selecting products, and individual's skin type and condition must be analyzed correctly to determine the appropriate treatment and products. Why Study Skin Analysis- B - correct answer ✅A thorough skin analysis and client consultation is especially important to determine the causes of skin conditions and any contraindications that the client may have. Why Study Skin Analysis- C - correct answer ✅Knowledge of healthy habits and "enemies" of the skin will give you a better understanding of how to help clients, as clients rely on estheticians for information about their skin conditions and how to improve the skin's appearance. Skin Types are Genetically Determined - correct answer ✅People are born with their skin type, which is determined by their genetics and ethnicity. Like everything else, skin can change over time. An individual's skin type is based primarily on how much oil is produced in the follicle from the sebaceous glands and on a number of lipids found between the cells.

Analysis Questions And Answers

Skin Types are Genetically Determined- T-zone - correct answer ✅The T-zone is the center area of the face, corresponding to the "T" shape formed by the forehead, nose, and chin. Hoe large pores are in the T-zone and throughout the face can help determine the skin type. Generally, an individual's skin becomes drier over time. Skin Types are Genetically Determined - correct answer ✅Genetically determined-Our cellular metabolism and oil/lipid production slow down as we age. Skin types include dry, normal, combination, and oily. Sensitive skin is sometimes discussed as a skin type but is primarily a condition. Acne is considered a disorder. All skin types need proper cleansing, exfoliating, and hydrating. Skin Types are Genetically Determined - correct answer ✅Genetically determined-Finding the right care for each individual can be challenging, and this makes the esthetician's job even more interesting. The focus of this chapter is to identify skin types and conditions. Mastering this skill is necessary for learning about which products and treatments to choose for each person. Dry Skin-"Alipidic" - correct answer ✅Dry skin does not produce enough oil. Alipidic skin lacks oil "lipids". The follicles are usually small and the sebum is minimal. If you can barely see the follicles or they are small, this

Analysis Questions And Answers

indicates a dry skin type. The natural oil secretions in our follicles help protect us from environmental damage and aging. Dry Skin - correct answer ✅Dry skin needs extra care because it lacks normal protection. Dry skin is more sensitive because the acid mantle and barrier function are not healthy due to the lack of lipids. Skin texture can be slightly rough and feel tight. Stimulating oil production and protecting the surface is imperative to taking care of the dry skin. Dry Skin- Occlusive Products - correct answer ✅Dry skin occulsive products-Occlusive products are thick and lay on top of the skin to reduce transdermal water loss, also known as TEWL. These products help hold in moisture and protect the skin's top barrier layer, which combats dryness. Dry versus Dehydrated Skin - correct answer ✅While common for someone with dry skin, dehydration, or lack of water, is a condition that can be seen with all skin types. Dehydrated skin lacks water. This is different from dry skin that lacks oil. It is important to remember the difference because even oily skin can be dehydrated and need to be hydrated. Dry versus Dehydrated Skin - correct answer ✅Dehydrated skin can look thin or flaky and can feel tight and dry. It is sometimes described as "crepey or Papery", like

Analysis Questions And Answers

crepe paper. Skin that needs moisture tends to absorb products quickly. Dehydrated skin can be caused by internal and external factors such as medications, coffee, alcohol, the sun, over-exfoliation, and harsh products. Dry versus Dehydrated Skin - correct answer ✅Dry versus dehydrated-Drinking plenty of water and hydrating the skin with moisturizers and humectants "that reduce the loss of moisture" can help minimize the negative effects of dryness and dehydration. Hydrating products such as gel masks are discussed in later chapters. Normal Skin - correct answer ✅Normal skin has a good oil-water balance. It can fluctuate and sometimes will be a little drier or a little oilier. The follicle is a normal size, and the skin is usually free of blemishes. Normal Skin - correct answer ✅If the follicle size is smaller to medium just on the edge of the T-zone by the nose, measuring outward from the center of the face, this is typical of a normal skin type. Normal Skin - correct answer ✅Normal skin-Follicles are not usually that visible towards the cheeks or the outside of the face. Maintenance and preventative care are the goals for this type of skin.

Analysis Questions And Answers

Combination Skin - correct answer ✅Combination skin can be both oily and dry, or both oily and normal at the same time. The T-zone through the middle of the face onthe forehead, nose, and chin is oilier. This area has more sebaceous glands and larger pores. Combination Skin - correct answer ✅The outer areas of the face can be either normal or dry and can even appear flaky from either dehydration or buildup of dead skin cells. If you can see the follicle size more obvious and looks medium to large outside the T-zone on the cheeks, this is an indication of a combination skin type. Combination Skin - correct answer ✅Combination skin needs to be balanced and requires more care than normal skin does. To care for combination skin, the oil- water balance can be achieved by treating both the oily and dryer areas of the face. Proper maintenance including cleansing and regular exfoliation help to keep skin clear and blemishes minimal. Combination Skin - correct answer ✅Combination skin-Water-based products work best for combination skin. Avoid harsh products, excessive cleansing, and rough exfoliation on all skin types.

Analysis Questions And Answers

Oily Skin - correct answer ✅Oily skin, also known as "lipidic skin", is characterized by excess sebum "oil" production. The follicle size is larger and contains more oil. If the follicle size is visible or larger over most of the face, this indicates an oily skin type. Oily Skin - correct answer ✅Oily skin requires more cleansing and exfoliating than other skin types do. It is prone to blemishes because the pores get clogged with oil and a buildup of dead cells. This excess oil and buildup on the surface can make the skin appear thicker and sallow " an unhealthy yellow or brown color". Blemishes and comedones are common. Oily Skin - correct answer ✅Oily skin-Balancing the skin's oil production through treatments and products is important. Over-cleansing can make matters worse by stripping the skin's acid mantle and irritating it. If the skin is stripped of oil, it is unbalanced. Oily Skin - correct answer ✅Oily skin-This causes the body's protection mechanism to produce additional oil to compensate for the dryness on the surface. Remember that no matter what skin type, the goal is to balance the barrier function. Educating clients "especially teenagers with hormonal flare-ups" on how to care for their skin will help them tremendously.

Analysis Questions And Answers

Oily Skin - correct answer ✅Proper treatment, exfoliation, and a water-based hydration will help keep oily skin clean and balanced. The positive side of having oily skin is that it ages more slowly because of the protection provided by oil secretions. Oily Skin - correct answer ✅Oily skin is more prone to acne, so people with this skin type need professional treatments more often than those with normal skin. After a deep-cleansing facial and good home-care, visible improvements are noticeable. Sensitive Skin - correct answer ✅Sensitive skin is increasingly common. We are constantly bombarded by environmental stimuli, stress, sun exposure, and other unhealthy elements. Sensitive skin is a condition, but it is also genetically predisposed. Sensitive Skin - correct answer ✅Sensitive skin is characterized by fragile, thin skin and redness. Northern European descendants tend to have fair, light- colored skin that is thinner and more sensitive.

Analysis Questions And Answers

Sensitive Skin - correct answer ✅Sensitive skin flushes easily and may appear red due to the blood flow being closer to the surface. Individuals with darker skin can also have naturally sensitive skin, but it is not visible. Sensitive skin is easily irritated by products and by exposure to heat or sun. Sensitive Skin- Telangiectasia, or Couperose skin - correct answer ✅Telangiectasia, or couperose skin conditions, which appear as red, distended capillaries, are noticeable on sensitive skin. Sensitive Skin- Rosacea and Vascular conditions - correct answer ✅Rosacea and vascular conditions are more common with this type of skin. Sometimes these conditions may be a protective visible reaction to let us know something is irritating our skin. Sensitive Skin - correct answer ✅Sensitive skin-Fragile or thin skin can also be the result of old age or medications. Anyone's skin can become reactive and sensitized from exposure to things such as chemicals, harsh products, heat, or even chapping from cold weather. Sensitive Skin - correct answer ✅Sensitive or sensitized skin can be difficult to treat because of its low tolerance to products and stimulation. Avoid irritating products and procedures. For example, excessive rubbing,

Analysis Questions And Answers

heat, exfoliation, or extractions can cause damage and increase redness. Sensitive Skin - correct answer ✅Sensitive skin needs to be treated very gently with nonirritating, calming products. Many companies have product lines designed specifically for sensitive skin. It is important to find out what is causing sensitive conditions by completing a thorough skin analysis. Sensitive Skin - correct answer ✅Sensitive skin, is it a natural part of their skin condition or is it something the client is exposed to? Primarily treatment goals for sensitive skin are to soothe, calm, and protect. The Fitzpatrick Scale - correct answer ✅Developed by Dr. Thomas Fitzpatrick, the Fitzpatrick scale is used to measure the skin's ability to tolerate sun exposure. It is important to be familiar with this method when determining treatments and products for your clients. The Fitzpatrick Scale - correct answer ✅Fitzpatrick-Everyone's tolerance level is different for peels and treatments. Lighter skin types are generally more sensitive and reactive. Individuals with darker skin have more melanin, which gives more protection from the sun, but they have other sensitivities and concerns.

Analysis Questions And Answers

The Fitzpatrick Scale - correct answer ✅Fitzpatrick-There is not one true phototype classification due to mixed genetic characteristics; therefore the scale is just a guideline. Fitzpatrick Skin Type I - correct answer ✅Fitzpatrick type I Appearance/General Characteristics: Very fair; blond or red hair; light-colored eyes; freckles are common. Reaction to UV sun exposure and laser treatment damage risks: Always burns, never tans. High risk for skin cancer, and vascular damage. Fitzpatrick Skin Type II - correct answer ✅Fitzpatrick number II Appearance/General Characteristics: Fair-skinned; light eyes; light hair. Reaction to UV sun exposure and laser treatment damage risks: Burns easily, tans with difficulty. High risk for skin cancer, and vascular damage. Fitzpatrick Skin Type III - correct answer ✅Fitzparick III-Appearance/General Characteristics: Very common skin type; fair; eye and hair color vary.

Analysis Questions And Answers

Reaction to UV sun exposure and laser treatment damage risks: Sometimes burns, gradually tans. High risk of hyper/hypopigmentation. High risk for scarring. Moderate risk for vascular damage. Fitzpatrick Skin Type IV - correct answer ✅Fitzpatrick number IV Appearance/General Characteristics: Mediterranean Caucasian skin; dark brown hair; medium to heavy pigmentation. Reaction to UV sun exposure and laser treatment damage risks: Rarely burns, tans easily. High risk of hyper/hypopigmentation. High risk for scarring. Moderate risk for vascular damage. Fitzpatrick Skin Type V - correct answer ✅Fitzpatrick V-Appearance/General Characteristics: Middle Eastern skin; dark and black hair; brown eyes; rarely sun sensitive. Reaction to UV sun exposure and laser treatment damage risks: Skin darkens; may never burn. High risk of hyper/hypopigmentation. High risk for scarring from treatments and trauma. Moderate risk for vascular damage. Lower risk for solar-pigmented conditions and actinic aging "from sun exposure".

Analysis Questions And Answers

Fitzpatrick Skin Type VI - correct answer ✅Fitzpatrick VI-Appearance/General Characteristics: Black skin, brown eyes; rarely sun sensitive. Reaction to UV sun exposure and laser treatment damage risks: Tans easily; may never burn. Very high risk of hyper/hypopigmentation. Very high risk for scarring from treatments and trauma. Moderate risk for vascular damage. Lower risk for solar-pigmented conditions and actinic aging. Other Skin Classification Systems- Glogau scale - correct answer ✅The "Glogau scale" evaluates photodamage "sun" based on wrinkling categorized by age. Glogau Scale- Type I - correct answer ✅Type I is minimal to no wrinkles; age 20 to 30 or younger. The Glogau scale. Glogau Scale- Type II - correct answer ✅Type II shows wrinkles only visible while in motion when making facial expressions. Early to moderate photoaging, light keratosis; age 30 to 40's. The Glogau scale. Glogau Scale- Type III - correct answer ✅Glogua Type III shows wrinkles at rest, advanced

Analysis Questions And Answers

photoaging, hyperpigmentation, telangiectasia, keratosis, age 40 to 50's. Glogau Scale- Type IV - correct answer ✅Glogua Type IV shows predominate wrinkles, severe photoaging, severe scarring may be noticeable. Ages are not specified. Rubin's Classification - correct answer ✅Rubin's Classification of Photodamage uses levels to classify photodamage by the depth of skin changes or damage. This indicates what kind of treatment is appropriate for the skin's conditions. Rubin's Classification- Level 1 - correct answer ✅Rubin's Level 1 includes superficial pigment and changes in the epidermis. Superficial chemical exfoliation and antioxidants will be beneficial for skin at this level. Rubin's Classification- Level 2 - correct answer ✅Rubin's Level 2 includes changes in the epidermis and papillary dermis, actinic keratosis, pigmentation, and increased wrinkles. This client will benefit from medium-depth peels and stronger products such as retinoids. Rubin's Classification- Level 3 - correct answer ✅Rubin's Level 3 shows deeper changes down the

Analysis Questions And Answers

reticular dermis. Skin looks leathery and shows severe sun damage. Laser resurfacing and other cosmetic procedures are suggested for this level of damage. Diverse Skin Pigmentation - correct answer ✅Diverse skin pigmentation-Dark skin types contain more melanin than lighter Caucasian skin types do. We all have different heritages with unique combinations of ethnic backgrounds, so skin categories and descriptions are only general guidelines. Black, Hispanic, Asian, and Native America skin types all have different amounts of melanin. Diverse Skin Pigmentation - correct answer ✅Diverse skin pigmentation-The number of melanocytes is the same, but the melanin transferred to keratinocytes by the melanosome is greater in dark skin. Melanosomes are pigment granules from melanocytes cells that produce melanin in the basal layer. Diverse Skin Pigmentation - correct answer ✅Diverse skin pigmentation-While darker skin types are considered oilier and thicker, they can also be fragile. Reactions are hard to see on darker skin, but they may be just as intense as those on lighter skin. Diverse Skin Pigmentation - correct answer ✅Diverse skin pigmentation- Hyperpigmentation is a

Analysis Questions And Answers

greater problem for darker skin types. Other pigmentation disorders also include hypopigmentation such as vitiligo. Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation can result from hormones, trauma, extractions, sun damage, or exfoliation. Diverse Skin Pigmentation - correct answer ✅Diverse skin pigmentation-Hyperpigmentation can also be caused by peels, lightening agents, and laser treatments so use caution with these products and treatments. Black skin is prone to hyperkeratosis "excessive cell turnover and dead skin-cell buildup", so it needs more exfoliation and deep pore cleansing. Diverse Skin Pigmentation - correct answer ✅Diverse skin pigmentation-Abnormal hypertrophic scarring "keloids" is also problematic for black skin. Black skin does not age as quickly because it is thicker and has more melanin for additional sun protection; however, dark skin still needs protection from sun damage. Diverse Skin Pigmentation - correct answer ✅Diverse skin pigmentation-Asian skin is considered to be one of the most sensitive skin types. It has great elasticity and firmness, and it does not show signs of aging as quickly as Caucasian skin does. Nevertheless, Asian skin can become hyperpigmented from treatments or exfoliating agents such as alpha hydroxy acids AHAs.

Analysis Questions And Answers

Diverse Skin Pigmentation - correct answer ✅Diverse skin pigmentation. Gentler exfoliating products such as enzymes are recommended. Sun protection is necessary to slow down hyperpigmentation. Caution clients that receiving lightening treatments for their age spots "dark areas" can actually make things worse. Diverse Skin Pigmentation - correct answer ✅Diverse skin pigmentation-If exfoliated areas produce melanin in an uneven pattern, lightening treatments can lead to splotches. Avoiding sun exposure and using sun protection daily is a must for anyone prone to hyperpigmentation. A personalized skin care routine will keep your client's still looking beautiful for years to come. Diverse Skin Pigmentation - correct answer ✅Diverse skin pigmentation-Care and precautions for other skin types including Native American, Indian, and Hispanic skin are the same as for other ethnic skin types. These groups typically have thicker skin that is usually characterized by more oil production and needs more deep-cleansing treatments. Diverse Skin Pigmentation - correct answer ✅Diverse skin pigmentation-Additionally, individuals that have thicker hair and thicker roots in the follicle can make waxing more difficult. If you want to specialize in ethnic skin care, explore the educational resources and advanced classes for this area of study.

Analysis Questions And Answers

Diverse Skin Pigmentation - correct answer ✅Diverse skin pigmentation-No matter what the skin type or ethnic background, everyone needs an individualized skin care consultation and program to maintain healthy skin Skin Types versus Skin Conditions - correct answer ✅Skin types versus conditions-Many internal and external factors affect the condition of a person's skin. Skin conditions are not just a result of our genetic makeup. These conditions are what the esthetician is most concerned about, and they are the focus of skin treatments. Skin Types versus Skin Conditions - correct answer ✅Skin types versus skin conditions-Some of the most common skin conditions estheticians see today are adult acne, "actinic" aging "from sun damage", and problems from hormonal fluctuations. Dehydration, pigmentation disorders, and rosacea are also significant concerns for clients. Skin Types versus Skin Conditions - correct answer ✅Skin types versus conditions-Other skin conditions include comedones, hyperkeratinization, redness, sensitivities, and of course, aging. We can improve some of these conditions through routine facials, by using specialized products, and by avoiding the factors that affect the conditions.

Analysis Questions And Answers

Skin Types versus Skin Conditions - correct answer ✅Skin types versus conditions-On the client's chart, you will want to note other conditions that you learn about here and in Chapter 11. Skin Conditions and Descriptions- Actinic Keratosis - correct answer ✅Actinic keratosis, a rough area resulting from sun exposure, sometimes with a layered scale or scab that sometimes falls off. It can be precancerous. Skin Conditions and Descriptions- Adult Acne - correct answer ✅Adult Acne-Acne breakouts from hormonal changes or other factors. Skin Conditions and Descriptions- Asphyxiated - correct answer ✅Smokers have asphyxiated skin from lack of oxygen. Characterized by clogged pores and wrinkles; dull and lifeless-looking. Can be yellowish or grey in color. Skin Conditions and Descriptions- Comedones - correct answer ✅Open comedones are blackheads and clogged pores caused by a buildup of debris, oil, and dead skin cells in the follicles. Closed comedones are not open to the air or oxygen; they are trapped by dead skin cells and need to be exfoliated and extracted.

Analysis Questions And Answers

Skin Conditions and Descriptions- Couperose Skin and Telangiectasia - correct answer ✅Couperose and Telangiectsia-Redness distended capillaries from a weakening of the capillary walls; internal or external causes. Skin Conditions and Descriptions- Cysts - correct answer ✅Cysts-Fluid, infection, or other matter under the skin. Skin Conditions and Descriptions- Dehydration - correct answer ✅Lack of water "also caused by the environment, medications, topical agents, aging, or dehydrating drinks such as caffeine and alcohol". Skin Conditions and Descriptions- Enlarged pores - correct answer ✅Larger pores due to excess oil and debris trapped in the follicles or expansion due to elasticity loss or trauma. Skin Conditions and Descriptions- Erythema - correct answer ✅Erythema-Redness caused by inflammation. Skin Conditions and Descriptions- Hyperkeratinization - correct answer ✅Hyperkeratinization-An excessive buildup of dead skin cells/ keratinized cells.

Analysis Questions And Answers

Skin Conditions and Descriptions- Hyperpigmentation - correct answer ✅Pigmentation-Brown or dark pigmentation; discoloration from melanin production due to the sun or other factors. Skin Conditions and Descriptions- Hypopigmentation - correct answer ✅Hypopigmentation-White, colorless areas from lack of melanin production. Skin Conditions and Descriptions- Irritation - correct answer ✅Irritation-Usually redness or inflammation; from a variety of causes. Skin Conditions and Descriptions- Keratosis/Plural Keratoses - correct answer ✅Keratosis-A buildup of cells; a rough texture. Skin Conditions and Descriptions- Milia - correct answer ✅Hardened, pearl-like masses of oil and dead skin cells trapped beneath the surface of the skin. Milia are not exposed to oxygen and need to be lanced to open and remove them. Skin Conditions and Descriptions- Papules - correct answer ✅Papules- Raised lesions; also called blemishes.

Analysis Questions And Answers

Skin Conditions and Descriptions- Poor elasticity - correct answer ✅Poor elasticity- Sagging; loose skin from damage, sun and aging. Skin Conditions and Descriptions- Pustules - correct answer ✅A pustule -An infected papule with fluid inside. Skin Conditions and Descriptions- Rosacea - correct answer ✅A vascular disorder; chronic redness. Papules and pustules may be present. Skin Conditions and Descriptions- Sebaceous hyperplasia - correct answer ✅Benign lesions were seen in oilier areas of the face. Described as looking like doughnut holes. Cannot be extracted. Skin Conditions and Descriptions- Seborrhea - correct answer ✅Seborrhea-Oiliness of the skin. Skin Conditions and Descriptions- Sensitivities - correct answer ✅Sensitivities-Reactions from internal or external causes.

Analysis Questions And Answers

Skin Conditions and Descriptions- Solar comedones - correct answer ✅Solar comedones-Large blackheads, usually around the eyes, due to sun exposure. Skin Conditions and Descriptions- Sun damage - correct answer ✅Sun damage-UV damage to the epidermis and dermis; primarily effects are wrinkles, collagen, and elastin breakdown, pigmentation, and cancer. Skin Conditions and Descriptions- Wrinkles/Aging - correct answer ✅Wrinkles and aging-Lines and damage from internal and external causes. Factors That Affect the Skin - correct answer ✅Habits, diet, stress all play a part in our health, which in turn is reflected in our skin's appearance. Skin conditions can be caused by allergies/reactions, genetics/ethnicity, medications, medical conditions, and many other internal and external factors. Factors That Affect the Skin - correct answer ✅Being aware of what can affect the skin will help the esthetician determine why the client may be experiencing problems. Knowledge of healthy habits and "enemies" of the skin will give you a better understanding of how to help clients with their concerns.

Analysis Questions And Answers

Internal Factors - correct answer ✅Our body's internal or "intrinsic" health affects how we feel as well as how our body and skin looks. Stress, our lifestyle, and even our attitude can contribute to our skin's health. Free radicals in the body, dehydration "lack of water", vitamin deficiency, improper nutrition, alcohol, caffeine, hormones, and menopause all effect our skin's well-being. Internal Factors - correct answer ✅Internal factors-Unfortunately, cumulative sun damage shows up at the same time as menopause- an unfair double attack on a women's body. Hormonal imbalances can lead to sensitivity, dehydration, hyperpigmentation, and microcirculation problems that affect capillaries. Internal Factors - correct answer ✅Additionally, lack of exercise, lack of sleep, smoking, medications, and drugs will have negative effects both inside and out. External Factors - correct answer ✅Sun damage is the main external "extrinsic" cause of aging. Environmental exposure, pollutants, air quality, and humidity also affect the skin's health. Poor maintenance and home-care can also contribute to skin problems.