Military Health Threats and Preventive Medicine Measures, Exams of Nursing

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EFMB FINAL Exam Questions and Answers

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All of the following are considered health threats to Soldiers in the field except.

1. Hazardous plants and animals
2. Entomological hazards
3. Food and waterborne diseases
4. Non-toxic industrial materials
5. Deployment related stress - ANSWER Non-toxic industrial materials The principles of preventive medicine measures include which of the following :
6. Field Sanitation teams train Soldiers in preventive medicine measures and advise the commander and unit leaders on implementation of unit-level preventive medicine measures
7. Chain of command plans for and enforces preventative medicine measures
8. Soldiers perform individual techniques of preventive medicine measures
9. All of the above - ANSWER All of the above When preparing for the field or extended deployments, Soldiers should consider packing a supply of standard toiletry articles that can last until sustainment of these items is assured.
10. One month's
11. Two week's
12. ·Two month's
13. Six week's
14. Three month's - ANSWER Two month's

Flossing cleans the areas between the teeth and under the gums where brushing cannot reach. Floss at least once a week, after brushing to prevent tooth decay and gum disease. True or False - ANSWER False When used properly, the Department of Defense Insect Repellent System will prevent disease, pain, and the annoyance caused by bites of arthropods such as mosquitoes, sand flies, ticks and chiggers. This system includes the application of percent N, N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) insect repellent to exposed skin.

1. 33
2. 100
3. 50
4. 66
5. 15 - ANSWER 33 To avoid carbon monoxide poisoning do all of the following except.
6. Run vehicles upwind of sleeping areas.
7. Run engines outdoors or with vehide bay/shop exhaust ventilation systems as the primary system with the secondary system being shop doors and windows open.
8. Do not park vehicles near air intakes to tents, trailers, or environmental control units.
9. Keep sleeping area windows slightly open for ventilation and air movement.
10. Do not sleep in vehicles with the engine running or use engine exhaust for heat. - ANSWER Run vehicles upwind of sleeping areas. Which of the following statements about sleep deprivation is not true?

1. Sleep periods do not need to be taken all at one time, they can be divided into two or more sleep periods (including naps) per 24-hour time period.
2. Naps add to recuperative sleep time. A nap boosts both immediate and long-term performance. The benefits of a short nap are evident for up to two days after the nap.
3. When working on limited or no sleep, caffeine in doses of 200 to 300 milligrams (the equivalent of 2 to 3 cups of coffee) every 3 to 4 hours will improve performance.
4. Less than 4 hours of sleep within every 24 - hour period will result in stabilizing performance at a lower level
5. To the extent possil:)le, sleep in a quiet, undisturbed environment away from other activity and protected from wake up and wait intrusions. - ANSWER Less than 4 hours of sleep within every 24 - hour period will result in stabilizing performance at a lower level Water is probably the most important item of supply to a military force. An adequate supply of water is essential to the success of military operations. The amount of water necessary to sustain Soldiers varies based on all of the following except
6. Season of the year
7. Availability of treated water
8. Geographical location
9. Tactical situation
10. None of the above - ANSWER Availability of treated water is water from an untreated source or treated source (including bottled water) that is not safe to drink.

1. Non-potable Water
2. Potable Water
3. Palatable Water
4. Clear Water
5. Non-palatable water - ANSWER Non-potable Water Typical Water treatment processes include all of the following except?
6. Flocculation
7. Sedimentation
8. Sorption processes
9. Reverse osmosis
10. Inoculation - ANSWER Inoculation Class Ill water is deemed "Not Potable". Which of the following is an approved use for Class Ill water?
11. Field Laundry
12. Showers and personal sanitation
13. Mortuary affairs personnel sanitation
14. Ice production for food preservation and cooling
15. Decontamination of personnel - ANSWER Field Laundry occurs worldwide in urban, rural, industrialized, and developing areas. Individuals exposed to river, canal, stream, and lake water contaminated with domestic and wild animal urine, as well as tissues and urine of infected animals are at greatest risk.
16. Typhoid
17. Cyanobacteria
18. Salmonellosis

4. Leptospirosis
5. Traveler's Diarrhea - ANSWER Leptospirosis At lower temperatures, microorganism inactivation tends to be slower. To obtain the same level of disinfection at low temperatures as at higher temperatures, higher chlorine residuals or longer contact times are required. True or False - ANSWER True To disinfect bulk water supplies add and dissolve one heaping teaspoon of high test hypochlorite (approximately¼ ounce) for each two gallons of water. The mixture will produce a stock chlorine solution of approximately 500 milligrams per liter. For disinfection purposes add one part of this chlorine solution to how many parts of water?
6. 25
7. 150
8. 100
9. 50
10. 200 - ANSWER 100 Equipment used for storage, purification, and distribution of potable water will be cleaned and sanitized _
11. Quarterly
12. Monthly
13. Weekly
14. Biannually
15. None of the above - ANSWER Quarterly Unit field sanitation teams assist commanders and fellow Soldiers in preventing foodbome illnesses by inspecting which of the following?
16. Unit-level food handling personnel and facilities to ensure a high level of personal hygiene, cleanliness, and sanitation.
17. Procedures for food being transported to remote feeding sites.

3. Unit feeding sites for safe recommended distances in relation to waste disposal sites and latrine facilities.
4. Placement and maintenance of handwashing/sanitizing facilities.
5. All of the above - ANSWER All of the above There are a number of factors which influence the establishment of latrine facilities. In situations where a unit must hastily occupy an area in which no infrastructure ·exists , construction and placement of latrine facilities may be necessary. All of the following are considerations for latrine placement except:
6. Built at least 100 feet from borde r of the unit billeting areas
7. Located downwind of burn pits and landfills
8. Latrines are not dug to the ground water level
9. Lighted at night if the tactical situation permits
10. A handwashing device is installed outside each latrine enclosure - ANSWER Located downwind of burn pits and landfills Which of the following is not considered a principle of detainee health care?
11. Treat enemy casualties and detainees with the same ethics and medical standards of care as for multinational forces.
12. Detainees do not have the right to refuse medical care.
13. Health care personnel will never participate in interrogations
14. All detainee health care and examinations must be documented in their medical record.
15. Treat all detainees with dignity and respect for the culture, age and gender. - ANSWER Detainees do not have the right to refuse medical care. When dealing with detainees, patient consent for the release of medical records is

not required _- True or False - ANSWER True Which of the following is not considered a prohibited act when treating detainees and prisoners of war:

1. Physical Mutilation
2. Medical Experimentation
3. Amputation
4. Tissue and organ transplant
5. Torture - ANSWER Amputation Detainees must always be segregated from U.S. and multinational forces during evacuation. True or False - ANSWER False The Internment Serial Number (ISN) is the DOD mandated identification number used to maintain accountability of detainees and is generated by the detainee reporting system. Which of the following is not true in regards to ISNs.
6. The TIF is the only location where this number can be assigned.
7. Detainees require an ISN in order to begin medical processing.
8. Once assigned, all further documentation, to include medical records, will only use the ISN.
9. A detainee can be refused care because an ISN cannot be provided.
10. Prior to the issuance of an ISN, the capture tag number is used on all documentation concerning the detainee. - ANSWER A detainee can be refused care because an ISN cannot be provided.

Which is not one of the four "Ps" of abuse prevention?

1. Priorities
2. Procedures
3. Programs
4. Practices
5. Policies - ANSWER Programs Detainees may refuse routine examinations or parts of physical examinations. Who may authorize examination or treatment in the absence of consent if it is deemed necessary to the life, limb, or eyesight of the detainee or to preserve the health or safety of other detainees or any other persons?
6. TIF Commander
7. Any Health Care Personnel
8. Deputy Commander of Clinical Services
9. Doctor providing treatment
10. MTF Commander - ANSWER MTF Commander Who is the approval authority for any detainee to be interrogated during inpatient hospitalization?.
11. MTF Commander
12. Detainee Operations Commander

3. Criminal Investigation Division

4. All of the above

5. None of the above - ANSWER Detainee Operations Commander Which of the following are valid uses of medical photography pertaining to detainees?

6. Documenting a wound that requires amputation.

7. To monitor the resolution or progression of injuries.

8. For treatment and medical diagnosis.

9. Maintaining photos as part of an Individual's medical record

10. All of the above. - ANSWER All of the above. To ensure the continued health of detainees, international law requires that each detainee be screened by health care personnel. During this screening, the detainee's weight is recorded on DA Forni 2664-R which provides a concise, chronological weight history for the detainee. Significant fluctuations in weight can signal an underlying medical condition or can indicate that the detainee diet is not meeting his nutritions.I requirements.

11. Daily

12. Weekly

13. Bi-monthly

14. Monthly s. None of the above - ANSWER Monthly

Detainees maintained in segregation will be monitored daily to assure health and well-being and to address current medical complaints. Local guidance may allow for a nurse to perform this screening. True or False - ANSWER TRUE Regulatory guidance requires that detainees must be offered the opportunity for daily medical contact. Medical administration and emergency medical care are considered medical contact. True or False - ANSWER True Of the different stages of sick call, which stage requires transport to the MTF for urgent evaluation and treatment?

1. Stage 1
2. Stage 2
3. Stage 3
4. Stage4 - ANSWER Stage During the initial evaluation of a hunger-striking detainee, the medical staff will measure and record the detainee's height, weight and vital signs. This needs to be done every hours during the hunger strike.
5. 12

4. 72 - ANSWER 24

There must be a complete separation of custody and health care operations. True or False - ANSWER True Detainees will receive a visual screening during in-processing or as required during sick call. Criteria for production of eyewear includes, but Is not limited to:

1. Lost or broken glasses.
2. Complaint of decrease in vision.
3. Worse than 20/40 vision
4. All of the above
5. 1 and 3 - ANSWER All of the above A detainee of significant intelligence o r political value is which type of detainee?
6. Security Internee
7. High Value Detainee
8. Former Detainee
9. Prisoner of War
10. Distinguished Detainee - ANSWER High Value Detainee

The "A" in the SALUTE report format stands for?

1. Aircraft
2. Army size
3. Attack (direction from)
4. Activity
5. Ambush - ANSWER Activity To chamber a round on the M16/M4, the bolt assembly can be open or closed. What is the first step to take when the bolt is open?
6. Pull the charging handle to the rear
7. Press the upper portion of the bolt catch
8. Tap the forward assist
9. Move the selector lever from safe to semi
10. Close the dust cover - ANSWER Press the upper portion of the bolt catch Given a loaded M16-series rifle I M4-series carbine that has stopped firing, you must correct the malfunction by performing immediate action. They keyword "SPORTS" will help you remember the steps in sequence. Which is not one of the steps?
11. Slap
12. Push
13. Observe
14. Release

5. Tap - ANSWER Push While zeroing your weapon at the range, you need to adjust the sights to obtain a zero. Your three round shot group is in the top left quadrant of the zeroing target. You will need to adjust your front sight and your rear sight _
6. clockwise, counter-clockwise
7. counter-clockwise, clockwise
8. clockwise, clockwise
9. counter-clockwise, counter-clockwise
10. None of the above - ANSWER clockwise, clockwise On a map, depressions are represented by closed contour lines that have tick marks pointing towards the high ground. True or False - ANSWER False Which method would you use to orient a map when a compass is not available or when the user has to make many quick references?
11. Using a compass
12. Using Field-Expedient Methods
13. Using a GPS device
14. Using Terrain association
15. None of the above - ANSWER Using Terrain association

In order to open the airway on a casualty, the head-tilt/chin-lift method is best if a spinal or neck injury is suspected. True or False - ANSWER False This individual moving technique should be used when there is good cover and concealment but enemy fire prevents you from getting up.

1. Low Crawl
2. High Crawl
3. Rush
4. Both 1 and 3
5. All of the above - ANSWER High Crawl When recording the gathered MEDEVAC information using the authorized brevity codes, line 5 is which of the following?
6. Radio frequency, call sign, and suffix
7. Numbers of patients by precedence
8. Special equipment required
9. Number of patients by type
10. Security of the pickup site - ANSWER Number of patients by type All of the following are important rules to follow to transmit a MEDEVAC request, except:

1. Clearly state "I HAVE A MEDEVAC REQUEST and wait one to three seconds for a response.
2. Pronounce letters and numbers according to appropriate radiotelephone procedures.
3. End the transmission by stating ·our.
4. Keep the radio on and listen for additional instructions or contact from the evacuation unit.
5. Transmit the MEDEVAC information in the proper sequence. - ANSWER End the transmission by stating ·out. What is the correct way to signal "Wedge" formation to your squad during dismounted operations?
6. Raise the arms, extend the arms 45 - degrees above the horizontal
7. Extend the arms, tum palms downward parallel to the ground
8. Extend the arms downward to the side, place arms at 45 - degree angle below horizontal
9. Raise one arm above the head and rotate it in a small circle
10. Extend arm horizontally sideward, wave arm slightly downward several times keeping arm straight and at shoulder level. - ANSWER Extend the arms downward to the side, place arms at 45-degree angle below horizontal You detect color change on the M9 detector paper and it shows blue, green and yellow spots. You can assume that you have been exposed to a liquid chemical agent.

True or False - ANSWER False Which of the following is performed during the tactical field care phase of Tactical Combat Casualty Care (TCCC)?

1. Return fire as directed or required before providing medical treatment.
2. Determine if the casualty is alive or dead
3. Direct the casualty to return fire, move to cover and administer self-aid
4. Administer life-saving hemorrhage control
5. Form a general impression of the casualty - ANSWER Form a general impression of the casualty All of the following are signs and symptoms of shock, except:
6. Sweaty, cool skin
7. Restlessness or nervousness
8. Confusion
9. Slow breathing
10. Nausea or vomiting - ANSWER Slow breathing Of the one person carries, which one should be used to transport an unconscious or severely injured casualty?
11. Fireman's carry
12. Neck drag
13. Cradle-drop drag

4. Improvised litter
5. None of the above - ANSWER Fireman's carry Defining military necessity and proportionality are two of the basic principles of the Law of War? True or False - ANSWER True Which of the following are ways to exercise noise discipline?
6. Avoid all unnecessary talk.
7. Conceal flashlights and other light sources.
8. Use visual techniques to communicate.
9. Use proper radio etiquette
10. Only 1 and 3 - ANSWER Only 1 and 3 Which of the following describes rapid respiratory rate; usually is a rate exceeding 24 breaths/min (adult)?
11. Dyspnea
12. Tachycardia
13. Noisy
14. Apnea
15. Tachypnea - ANSWER Tachypnea

A patient's oral temperature may be measured when the patient:

1. Has smoked, chewed gum or has eaten or drank anything hot or cold within the last 15 to 30 minutes.
2. Is being administered oxygen by mouth or nose.
3. Is a conscious adult or child who can follow directions.
4. Is likely to bite down on the thermometer.
5. Has had recent facial or oral surgery. - ANSWER Is a conscious adult or child who can follow directions. Your patient is exhibiting signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia. Which of the following is not a sign of hypoglycemia?
6. Hunger
7. Uncharacteristic behavior
8. Intoxicated appearance, staggering, slurred speech, or unconsciousness
9. Combativeness
10. Warm, red, dry skin - ANSWER Warm, red, dry skin You are at the scene of a near drowning and the victim is still in the water. Cervical or spinal injuries are always a primary concern. You must assume that the casualty has a spinal injury and treat accordingly. This means that initial resuscitation and spine immobilization must occur while the casualty is still in the water. True or False - ANSWER True

Anxiety increases the heart rate, which worsens the casualty's condition. Anyone who has just been shot or who has experienced detonation of explosives nearby will have bradycardia. True or False - ANSWER False Your casualty has a traumatic amputation of the lower left leg. After treating the casualty you secure and begin care for the amputated part. Of the following choices which should you never do to an amputated part?

1. Warm an amputated part.
2. Place an amputated part directly in water.
3. Place an amputated part directly on ice.
4. Use dry ice to cool an amputated part.
5. All of the above. - ANSWER All of the above. You are extricating a wounded Soldier from a vehicle using a seated extrication device. You have given another Soldier instructions to hold the casualty's head in a neutral position. Careful movement of the head and neck into a neutral position must be stopped if movement results in any of the following:
6. Neck muscle spasm.
7. Increased pain.
8. Increase in numbness, tingling, or loss of motor ability.
9. Compromise of the airway or ventilation.
10. All of the above - ANSWER All of the above

When carrying a casualty downhill or downstairs, the casualty should always be transported head first. True or False - ANSWER False Care in the combat casualty evacuation care phase does not differ significantly from the tactical field care phase. However, additional equipment may accompany the evacuation asset to assist the medic. This may include which of the following

1. Oxygen
2. Electronic monitoring devices.
3. Additional IV fluids.
4. Blood (may be available)
5. All of the above - ANSWER All of the above You are providing oxygen therapy to a casualty and have a D size oxygen cylinder. After subtracting the safe residual level of 200 psi, your oxygen cylinder has 1700 psi remaining; using a conversion factor of 0.16, how long will the oxygen last if it is flowing at 8 lpm?
6. 46 minutes
7. 28 minutes
8. 34 minutes
9. 60 minutes
10. 52 minutes - ANSWER 34 minutes

Your patient requires an advanced airway and is unconscious. You choose to insert a King LT. Based on the patient's height of 70 inches which size of King LT will you use and how much air must be used to inflate the device?

1. 4 and 60 - 80 ml
2. 3 and 45 - 60 ml
3. 5 and 70 - 80 ml
4. 1 and15- 30 ml
5. 2 and 30 - 45 ml - ANSWER 4 and 60 - 80 ml Patients are advised to avoid contact sports (football, etc.) for at least 30 days after diagnosis of which throat Infection due to the Increased risk of splenic rupture (rupture of the spleen)?
6. Upper respiratory infection
7. Streptococcal pharyngitis
8. Peri-tonsillar abscess
9. Infectious mononucleosis
10. None of the above - ANSWER Peri-tonsillar abscess Which of the following fungal skin infections is considered ringworm of the body?
11. Tinea capitis
12. Tinea corporis
13. Tinea cruris
14. Tinea pedis

5. None of the above - ANSWER Tinea corporis You are assigned to a battalion aid station (BAS). Chemical agents are being used against the units supported by your medical treatment facility. The commander has ordered that a decontamination station and protective shelter be established. If the prevailing winds change direction by more than _ degrees, use of the primary site may no longer be possible. A wait of minutes to determine if the change is permanent should precede the move.
6. 25 / 10 to 15
7. 15 / 20 to 30
8. 45 / 15 to 20
9. 30 I 10 to 15
10. 10 / 15 to 20 - ANSWER 30 I 10 to 15 You have encountered a casualty with bums to the anterior trunk and left upper extremity, according to the Rule of Nines what percentage of body surface area (BSA) has been burned?
11. 27%
12. 9%
13. 45%
14. 36%
15. 18% - ANSWER 27% Who is responsible for coordinating casualty flow from platoon CCPs to the company CCP?

1. Company commander
2. Platoon sergeants
3. Platoon medics
4. First sergeant
5. Company senior medic - ANSWER First sergeant Which of the following skin disorders may spread to the fascial planes in the hand and may require surgical exploration and debridement?
6. Furuncles
7. Folliculitis
8. Carbuncles
9. Felons 5 .None of the above - ANSWER Felons Which of the following is an element of a medical company treatment platoon?
10. MED TRMT SQD, 2 - AREA SPT SQD, AREA EVAC SOD.
11. 2 - MED TRMT SQD, AREA SPT SQD, PNT HOLD SQD.
12. AREA EVAC SOD, FORWARD EVAC SQD, 2 - MED TRMT SQD.
13. 2 - MED TRMT SOD, MH SECTION, BMSO.
14. MED TRMT SQD, PNT HOLD SOD, PVNT MED SECTION, AREA SPT SQD. - ANSWER 2 - MED TRMT SQD, AREA SPT SQD, PNT HOLD SQD.

As a principle of AHS support, of medical resources ensures that the use of scarce medical assets is maximized to provide the greatest good to the greatness number of patients in the operational environment.

1. Proximity
2. Flexibility
3. Control
4. Continuity
5. Mobility - ANSWER Control Casualties may have to be extracted from under rubble·and debris. Equipment for their safe and quick retrieval from craters, basements, sewers, and subways may be required for which type of environment.
6. Mountainous
7. Rural
8. Jungle
9. Urban
10. Desert - ANSWER Urban Which of the following is not a triage category?
11. Expectant
12. Immediate
13. Minimal

4. Delayed
5. Priority - ANSWER Priority Casualties in the DELAYED category can tolerate delay prior to time-consuming operative intervention without unduly compromising the likelihood of a successful outcome. These cases may go unoperated for hours.
6. 8 to 10
7. 12 to 15
8. 15 to 20
9. 24 to 36
10. 72 or more - ANSWER 8 to 10 Which of the following is not an example of an expectant casualty?
11. High spinal cord injuries.
12. Agonal respiration.
13. Profound shock with multiple injuries.
14. Intra-abdominal and/or thoracic wounds.
15. Second and third degree bums in excess of 60 percent total body surface area. - ANSWER Intra-abdominal and/or thoracic wounds. What determines a mass casualty situation?
16. Over 10 casualties.
17. When the MTF commander declares one.