Download Motivation & Emotion Mod 06 Emotion as motivation to action | PSYC - Psychology and more Quizzes Psychology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 6.1 Action Tendencies DEFINITION 1 The possibility of a particular behaviour occurring, given the presence of a specific king of stimulus. The stimulus sets off a chain of events that results in the associated behaviour.There exist tendencies to execute expressive behaviours. The tendencies are present prior to execution and exist independently of execution. These tendencies are called action tendencies.Frijda (1986) - action tendencies account for: organism acting very quickly in an clearly automatic, unplanned way in response to stimuli; there are a range of possible responses that might achieve the same result. AT = emotions; feeling result of AT, not cause. TERM 2 6.1 Frijda's Behavioural flexibility DEFINITION 2 Variety of ways to express an emotion, determined by the circumstances or by the goal.Different actions have the same intent.Choose an action based on circumstances/context. TERM 3 6.2 Basic emotions DEFINITION 3 Elementary (basic) emotions - defined by facial expressions as determined by high recognitionEkman & Friesen (1975): Happiness; Sadness; Fear; Surprise; Anger; Disgust.Izard (1977) added distress, interest, contempt, guilt, shame.Frijda (1986, p. 88): Table of basic emotions. TERM 4 6.2 Frijda's definition of Basic emotions DEFINITION 4 Basic emotions have a clear action tendency (Frijda considers the expression of emotion, including facial expressiveness, to be part of that action tendency).So Frijada destinguishes emotions by different forms of action readiness, and presents (in Table 2.1) 10 elementary action tendencies and 5 activation modes. Each are distinguished behaviourally (facial expressions/more elaborate patterns of actions) & are species specific. TERM 5 6.1 Action tendency as emotion DEFINITION 5 AT = emotion, in that emotion predicts behaviour.Emotion is felt action tendency.Emotions are tendencies to establish, maintain or disrupt a relationship with the environment. But some forms of expressive behaviour (apathy, disinterest, excitement, confusion,behavioural interruption, inhibition) represent relational null states and activation modes.Other forms of expressive behaviour manifest disruption of relational tendency or vain desire. TERM 6 6.1 Emotions DEFINITION 6 Can be understood by looking at either: the action tendencies; or the cause of the emotion Emotions are modes of relational action readiness in the form of: tendencies to establish, maintain or disrupt a relationship with the environment, or disrupt a relationship with the environment, or mode of relational readiness as such. Emotions are flexible programs of actions, which can be reflexively linked to stimulus conditions or chosen because previously successful. TERM 7 6.2 Six basic emotions and their clear action tendency DEFINITION 7 happiness: clear & unambiguous facial expression & other behaviours. Tendency to reduce the level of behaviour as situation is pleasant so we don't want to change it. surprise: clear & unambiguous facial expression fear: fight or flight tendency to get away from danger anger: clear facial expression + other expressive behaviours signaling readiness to fight or attack sadness: clear facial and behavioural (crying) expression disgust: clear & unambiguous expression, tongue poking out (evolved from pusking rotton food out of mouth?). TERM 8 6.1 Null states and Activation modes of emotions DEFINITION 8 Expressive behaviourNot all emotions are action tendencies, since not all expressions are relational activities, although all have relational sense.e.g.:apathy disinterest behavioural interruptionexcitementconfusion TERM 9 6.1 Latent readiness of action tendencies DEFINITION 9 Readiness to act plus the readiness or unreadiness to achieve a given kind of end result.. This readiness is often apparent from the expressive behaviour. TERM 10 6.2 Non-basic/blended emotions DEFINITION 10 Non-basic emotions as blends of basic emotions, e.g., wariness = interest & moderate fear.Frijda rejects this idea: Emotions that don't have clear action tendencies-a number of different behaviours or expressions may result. Some emotions can only be understood through their object or cause, e.g. jealousy, may have a number of emotions or action tendencies associated with it, depending on the goal or target.