MPH Test Questions | 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest 2024 Version, Exams of Public Health

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MPH Test Questions | 100% Correct Answers |

Verified | Latest 2024 Version

Which of the following types of bias is most commonly associated with a case-control study? - ✔✔Recall bias A new non-invasive screening test is proposed that is claimed to be able to identify patients with impaired glucose tolerance based on a battery of questions related to health behaviors. The new test is given to 75 patients. Based on each patient's responses to the questions they are classified as positive or negative for impaired glucose tolerance. Each patient also submits a blood sample and their glucose tolerance status is determined. The results are tabulated below What is the sensitivity of the screening test? What is the false positive fraction of the screening test? - ✔✔Sensitivity = #(true positives)/(#(true positives)+#(false negatives)) = 17/(17+8) = 17/25 = 0. Answer: 0. False positive fraction = #(false positives)/(#(false positives)+#(true negatives)) =13/(13+37) = 13/50 = 0. Answer: 0. A study is designed to evaluate the impact of a daily multivitamin on students' academic performance. One hundred sixty students are randomly assigned to receive either the multivitamin or a placebo and are instructed to take the assigned drug daily for 20 days. On day 20, each student takes a standardized exam and the mean exam scores are compared between groups. This study is an example of a - ✔✔Randomized Control Trial When estimating sample size, it is not important for researchers to account for attrition or loss of participants during follow-up. - ✔✔True Five hundred people are enrolled in a 10-year cohort study. At the start of the study, 50 have diagnosed CVD. Over the course of the study, 40 people who were free of CVD at baseline develop CVD. What is the cumulative incidence of CVD over 10 years? - ✔✔A. Cumulative incidence of CVD over 10 years Cumulative incidence 40/450=.0888 x 100=8.9% B. The prevalence of CVD at base line

a. Prevalence baseline=50/500 .1 x 100= 10% C. The prevalence of CVD at ten years is a. Prevalence 10 year 90/500= .18 x 100=18% What is the median blood glucose level of the following data set collected from 8 individuals: 89, 95, 99, 102, 107, 108, 111, and 119? - ✔✔Median= True or False? The mean is the best measure of central tendency for a data set measuring low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in which the individual measures of LDL were 100, 101, 105, 107, 109, 110, and 111. - ✔✔True True or False? An r value of - 0.8 indicates a weak negative association - ✔✔False The following table displays descriptive statistics on the participants involved in a clinical trial. Characteristic New Compound Placebo p-value Mean age (years) 47.2 46.1 0. Men (%) 44% 59% 0. Mean educational level (years) 13.1 14.2 0. Mean annual income $36,560 $37,470 0. Mean body mass index (BMI) 24.7 25.1 0. Select which characteristic(s) are significantly different between groups? - ✔✔There is a statistically significant difference in the proportions of male (p=.0215) and a marginally significant difference in mean body mass index (p=.0851). None of the other characteristics are significantly different between groups using a 5% level of significance With a binomial distribution with n = 25 and p = 0.48, which is larger? - ✔✔P(12 successes)

Examples of non probability sampling includes all of the following EXCEPT: - ✔✔These are Non- Probability Quota sampling Convenience sampling Purposive sampling Self-selection sampling Snowball sampling average American, which of the following represents the single largest source of exposure to ionizing radiation on a yearly basis - ✔✔Radon gas In the food chain, which of the following is a (are) producer(s)? - ✔✔ Responsibility for regulating the disposal of high-level radioactive wastes rests with: - ✔✔the federal government, with the Dept. of Energy as lead agency Why is radon gas in homes considered a problem? - ✔✔cancer-causing radioactive gas What is the most common type of genetic mutation in humans? - ✔✔ Which of the following teratogens is associated with vaginal cancer in girls and genital cancer in boys? - ✔✔ Which of the following would be a likely target of public health efforts to control breeding of the Asian tiger mosquito? - ✔✔tire casings About ranges of tolerance for limiting factors, which of the following population groups is most sensitive to adverse environmental conditions? - ✔✔Elderly Capacity of an agent to enter and multiply in a susceptible host and thus produce infection or disease - ✔✔Infectivity

Which screening measure best represents the following statement? Eighty percent of those with diabetes had a positive screening test. - ✔✔Senitivy A new screening test for Lyme disease is developed for use in the general population. The sensitivity and specificity of the new test are 65% and 75%, respectively. Four hundred people are screened at a clinic during the first year the new test is implemented. Assume the true prevalence of Lyme disease among clinic attendees is 15%. Calculate the predictive value of a negative test. - ✔✔Predictive vaule of a negative test-18.2% Predictive vaule of a postive test-92.3% An outbreak due to exposure of a group of persons to the same harmful influence common to the individuals in the group is known as: - ✔✔Epidemic The number of existing cases of a given disease or other attribute in a defined population at a specified time is known as: - ✔✔Incidence In a clinical trial, an important aspect of the study design often involves the subjects not being aware of their group assignment with regard to treatment or placebo; this technique is used to alleviate bias in study results and is known as: - ✔✔Randomized controlled trials In the following table, which value represents "false positives" in a screening test for diabetes? Condition According to Gold Standard (True Diagnosis) Screening Test Result Positive Negative Total Positive 240 25 265 Negative 15 220 235 Total 255 245 500 - ✔✔FP= TP- 240 TN- 220 FN- 15 In a trial of a cytotoxic drug for lung cancer treatment, the investigators reported 6 deaths among 60 patients treated with this agent, compared with 15 deaths among 58 controls on placebo. Calculate the attributable benefit of this agent in reducing lung cancer-related mortality in this population. - ✔✔15.8%

Examples of descriptive epidemiologic studies do not usually include: - ✔✔Cohart Study A major health insurance company is considering nationwide implementation of a test using biomarkers to screen for colon cancer. The test is delivered in health clinics in two similar regions of the country, with the following results: - ✔✔The test was not admistor in similar conditions in the two regions You are an MPH student intern in a local church. Part of your assigned tasks is to research the possibility of getting a grant to fund a new Head Start preschool program in the church. You find out the following: - ✔✔need and interest In an attempt to increase diversity in your local public health department workforce you decide to obtain more information from candidates than merely their skills and experience. Which of the following questions can you legally ask in a face-to-face job interview when the information is not provided on the application? - ✔✔ The FDA functions as the nation's largest consumer protection agency. Among its activities, it investigates and regulates the efficacy and safety of: - ✔✔.Food and drug administration is a federal agency of US Which mainly deals with the investigation, regulation and maintaining the efficacy and safety of drugs and foods. A sentinel health event is one in which public health alarm is triggered by - ✔✔disease or condition for which one occurrence requires improvements in preventative efforts Ancient Israel's health code, as stated in the biblical book of Leviticus, is an example of an __________ intervention at the community level. - ✔✔