MTMI: Pathology questions with correct answers, Exams of Nursing

Download MTMI: Pathology questions with correct answers and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

MTMI: Pathology questions with correct

answers

What is used to report findings seen on the exam? Answer✓✓ BIRADS BIRADS stand for? Answer✓✓ Breast Imaging Reporting And Data System BIRADS 0 Answer✓✓ Additional imaging needed or comparison BIRADS 1 Answer✓✓ Negative Routine Mammo 0% malignancy BIRADS 2 Answer✓✓ Benign Routine Mammo 0% Malignancy BIRADS 3 Answer✓✓ Probably benign 6 month f/u less 2% malignancy BIRADS 4 Answer✓✓ Suspicious Tissue diagnosis Sub Categories of BIRADS 4: Answer✓✓ 4A- low -

4B- moderate 4C- High BIRADS 5 Answer✓✓ Highly suggestive of malignancy Tissue diagnosis greater 95% BIRADS 6 Answer✓✓ Known Biopsy proven malignancy Asymmetry Answer✓✓ are of fibroglandular tissue seen on only 1 projection Focal Asymmetry Answer✓✓ are of fibroglandular tissue seen on 2 projections Mass Answer✓✓ more substantial and has volume, occupies space Architectural distortion Answer✓✓ where the breast normal appearance looks like a random pattern w/o any associated mass as the apparent cause of distortion How are masses found on a mammogram described: 3 Answer✓✓ shape density margin What are the shapes described? 3 Answer✓✓ Round Oval Irregular

Oval Lobulated Malignant mass shapes: 3 Answer✓✓ Lobulated Irregular Spiculated Benign mass margins: 3 Answer✓✓ Circumscribed Obscured Micro-lobulated Malignant mass margins: Answer✓✓ Micro-lobulated Indistinct Spiculated What percentage of breast calcification are present in mammograms? Answer✓✓ 85% Up to what percentage of breast cancer can be associated with calcidication? Answer✓✓ 50% Characteristics of calcifications: Answer✓✓ Round or punctate Amorphous or indistinct Course heterogeneous Fine heterogeneous

Round or punctate def: Answer✓✓ less than 0.5 mm withing the acini of TDLU Usually benign Amorphous or indistinct def: Answer✓✓ small, hazy, fain calcifications with no clearly defined shape About what % malignant biopsies come from Amorphous or indistinct calc? Answer✓✓ 20% Course heterogeneous (chunky) (grouped) Answer✓✓ irregular,conspicuous generaly 0.5-1.0 mm About what % of malignant biopsies come from course heterogeneous calc? Answer✓✓ 15% Fine heterogeneous Answer✓✓ discrete with irregular margins vary in size small tha 0.5 mm About what % of malignant biopsies come from fine heterogeneous calcs? Answer✓✓ 30% Benign calcifications characteristics: 6 Answer✓✓ Well defined scattered Same density

Ultrasound Characteristics of Benign lesions: Answer✓✓ ellipsoid shape (wider than tall) thin capsule compressibility posterior acoustic enhancement hyper echogenic MRI characteristic of Benign lesions: Answer✓✓ No enhancement or slow enhancement after contrast administration Galactocele Answer✓✓ milk filled cyst common in young pregnant women or breastfeeding ( milk retained within ducts) can mimic fibroadenomas Fibroadenoma Answer✓✓ benign tumors composed of stromal and epithelial elements increased risk of breast cancer Lipoma Answer✓✓ pocket of fat that is encapsulated by thin fibrous capsule common in post menopausal women Hamartoma (Fibroadenolipoma) Answer✓✓ benign proliferation of fibrous glandular and fatty tissue a breast within a breast

Ductal Ectasia Answer✓✓ lactiferous duct becomes blocked causes greenish nipple discharge occurs in peri or post menopausal women Hematoma Answer✓✓ blood filled swelling caused by trauma to breast common after biopsy What benign lesion leaves a scar that mimics breast tumor? Answer✓✓ Hematoma Breast Abscess and inflammation Answer✓✓ a complication of mastitis (bacterial infection), breast becomes red and inflamed Fat necrosis (oil cyst) Answer✓✓ damaged or death tissue can happen following needle biopsy, breast surgery, radiotherapy lymph nodes Answer✓✓ small clumps of immune cells that act as filters for the lymphatic systems Gynecomastia Answer✓✓ disorder of the endocrine system non cancerous increase in male breast caused by the use of marijuana Post surgical scar Answer✓✓ scars left behind after surgery to remove breast tissue look like a worrisome lesion

Invasive / Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma Answer✓✓ cancer began in the duct and breaks the wall of the duct and grows into fatty tissue of breast What is the most common form of breast cancer and represents % of all breast cancer? Answer✓✓ Invasive Ductal carcinoma 80% Invasive Lobular carcinoma Answer✓✓ BC begins in the lobules and breaks out of the lobule and potential to spread typically does not form a lump What malignant lesion feels like thickening or fullness in one part of the breast? Answer✓✓ Invasive lobular carcinoma Inflammatory Carcinoma Answer✓✓ rare and aggresive in wich cancer blocks lymph node vessels in the skin of the breast What cancer are most inflammatory carcinoma Answer✓✓ invasive ductal carcinoma What malignant lesion starts with reddening and swelling of breast instead of distinct lump? Answer✓✓ Inflammatory Carcinoma What malignant lesion have a warmth, orange peel skin, swelling of lymph nodes or flattening or inversion of nipple? Answer✓✓ Inflammatory Carcinoma

Padget's disease Answer✓✓ malignant cells extend from the lactiferous ducts to nipple. Nipple or areolar thickening Lymphoma Answer✓✓ neoplasm that originates in the lymph tissue What are the symptoms of Lymphoma? Answer✓✓ painless breast mass in the outer quadrant Sarcoma Answer✓✓ Cancer begin the connective tissue that supports ducts and lobules