Multidimensional Care 2 Exam 2 Questions and Answers (Latest Update 2023), Exams of Nursing

Download Multidimensional Care 2 Exam 2 Questions and Answers (Latest Update 2023) and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! Multidimensional Care 2 Exam 2 Questions and Answers (Latest Update 2023) Acid Base Balance is characterized by - correct answers ✅Hydrogen atoms too many means more acidic too little means less acidic pH is - correct answers ✅how hydrogen concentration is measured lower pH means higher acidity, higher pH means lower acidity What are the main 3 ways the body controls pH? - correct answers ✅- Hydrogen atoms ("buffy buffer"/chemical buffer/metabolic buffer) -Respiratory system (carbonic acid) -Renal system (bicarbonate) Gastric Juice pH - correct answers ✅1.0 - 3.0 Urine pH - correct answers ✅5.0-6.0 Arterial blood pH - correct answers ✅7.35-7.45 Venous blood pH - correct answers ✅7.31-4.41 Multidimensional Care 2 Exam 2 Questions and Answers (Latest Update 2023) CSF pH - correct answers ✅7.32 Pancreatic fluid pH - correct answers ✅7.8-8.0 When acid base is balanced it is characterized by? - correct answers ✅fluid containing equal number of positive charges, ions with negative charges Changes in acid base balance can affect - correct answers ✅-shape of hormones and enzymes -distribution of other electrolytes -excitable membranes -effectiveness of hormones and drugs ABG (Arterial Blood Gas) measures - correct answers ✅the acidity (pH) and the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood from an artery what are 3 parts to an ABG - correct answers ✅-pH 7.35-7.45 -Co2 35-45 (this is an acid) (higher the number more acidic) -Hco3 22-26 (bicarb) Multidimensional Care 2 Exam 2 Questions and Answers (Latest Update 2023) -breakdown of protein and fats -destruction of cells Bicarbonate: - correct answers ✅-weak base -major buffer of extracellular fluid (ECF) -From intestinal absorption of ingested bicarbonate into ECF -From kidney absorption and breakdown of carbonic acid -Level is typically 20 times greater than that of carbonic acid -70-80% is excreted in the stool When chemical/metabolic buffers can not prevent blood pH changes what is the second line of defense? - correct answers ✅respiratory system how does the respiratory system buffer? - correct answers ✅hyperventilation/hypoventilation What is the 3rd line of defense against pH changes? - correct answers ✅kidneys Multidimensional Care 2 Exam 2 Questions and Answers (Latest Update 2023) What can cause metabolic acidosis? - correct answers ✅-diabetic ketoacidsosi -renal failure -diarrhea -Ileostomy -Hyperthyroidism -Pancreatitis -Liver failure -Dehydration -Seizure activity -Ethanol intoxication -Aspirin toxicity Laboratory assessment of Metabolic Acidosis - correct answers ✅-pH<7.35 -Bicarbonate <21 mEq/L -PaO2 normal -PaCO2 normal or slightly decreased -Serum potassium high* Multidimensional Care 2 Exam 2 Questions and Answers (Latest Update 2023) Clinical manifestations of metabolic acidosis - correct answers ✅-Kussmaul's breathing >20bpm -weak -confused -hypotension -cardiac changes (due to hyperkalemia)** -nausea -vomiting Nursing interventions metabolic acidosis - correct answers ✅-hydration -antidiarrheal medications -monitor electrolytes (potassium) -Renal failure (intake output, monitor diet, may need dialysis) -Neuro status (seizure precautions -DKA (patient will need insulin drip) -Bicarbonate (only with low serum level) -Watch for respiratory distress (patient may need to be ventilated)