Music Terms and Definitions, Quizzes of Music

Download Music Terms and Definitions and more Quizzes Music in PDF only on Docsity!

Music

purposefully organized sound

TERM 2

3 common elements of music

DEFINITION 2

1) consists of sounds2) sounds have been organized or

manipulated3) purpose for the activity

TERM 3

Pitch

DEFINITION 3

highness or lowness of a sound

TERM 4

tone color

DEFINITION 4

the quality or sonority of a sound or frequency of a sound's

vibrations

TERM 5

intensity

DEFINITION 5

loudness

duration

the length of a sound

TERM 7

rhythm

DEFINITION 7

the relationship of sounds in time or relative durations of

sounds and silences

TERM 8

melody

DEFINITION 8

the relationship of successive pitches

TERM 9

harmony

DEFINITION 9

the relationship of simultaneous sounds

TERM 10

texture

DEFINITION 10

the number of lines or layers of sound heard at any given

time AND their relationship to one another

tone color

quality or sonority of different instruments or voices, alone or

in combination. (nasal, sour, angelic, harsh, mellow, rich)

TERM 12

dynamics

DEFINITION 12

the relative loudness of different sounds

TERM 13

genre

DEFINITION 13

a general category or type of music as indicated by its

medium, form, style and/or function

TERM 14

style

DEFINITION 14

the combination of characteristics that make a period of art,

specific music, or and individual composition distinctive ex.

impressionism

TERM 15

function

DEFINITION 15

the purpose or intended use of a piece of music

form

the structure, shape or design of a piece of music. ex.

repetition, contrast, variation

TERM 17

medium

DEFINITION 17

the instrument(s)/ voice(s) for which piece of music is

created

TERM 18

content

DEFINITION 18

the 'information' conveyed by a piece of music

TERM 19

beat

DEFINITION 19

the regularly occurring stressed sounds in a piece of music

TERM 20

tempo

DEFINITION 20

the rate at which the pulse occurs, can be measured in beats

per minute

meter

the organization or grouping of beats into units of two or

more

TERM 22

duple meter

DEFINITION 22

pulse into units of two beats

TERM 23

triple meter

DEFINITION 23

pulse into units of 3 beats

TERM 24

mixed meter

DEFINITION 24

the organization of the pulse into units of other than two or

three beats, or alternating between 2/

TERM 25

rhythmic patterns

DEFINITION 25

beats may also be subdivided to produce specific rhythmic

patterns.

accent

the emphasizing or stressing a particular sound

TERM 27

syncopation

DEFINITION 27

an accent in an irregular or unexpected place

TERM 28

Lyrical

DEFINITION 28

songs that express only one mood or emotion in both text &

musicCD1-2 3 4 5 9 11 19

TERM 29

narrative

DEFINITION 29

songs w/ variation of mood, place, character, time or action

in both the text and musicCD1- 1, 6, 20

TERM 30

dramatic

DEFINITION 30

songs expressing intense emotions and strong contrasts of

mood or situationCD1- 7, 8, 10

symbolic

songs that have powerful symbolic connections to

institutions , religions, or movements

TERM 32

Aria

DEFINITION 32

a song for solo voice and orchestra that is part of a larger

composition like an opera

TERM 33

chorale

DEFINITION 33

a german (protestant) hymn in strophic form

TERM 34

strophic form

DEFINITION 34

a song that uses identical music for each verse of text

TERM 35

madrigal

DEFINITION 35

a secular, polyphonic song for 4-6 solo voices, especially

popular in Italy and England 16th and early 17th centuries

ayre

a song intended for some combination of voice(s) and

instruments with the main melody in the upper part

TERM 37

Il gentiluomo

DEFINITION 37

those in upper class,expected to:a. sing with a pleasing

voiceb. read musicc. play a musical instrumentd. understand

the finer qualities of musical expression

TERM 38

Lied

DEFINITION 38

the generic German word for song, but specifically referring

to songs written in large quantities by German composers in

the late 19th centuryCD1- 7, 8

TERM 39

Kriti

DEFINITION 39

a specific type of South Indian classical song, with an

improvised introduction and a very specific three part

formCD1- 18

TERM 40

Song Cycle

DEFINITION 40

a set of songs, often w/ related music and/or textual themes,

intended to be performed as a groupCD1- 8

Tin Pan Alley Song

the general designation for the standard, American popular

song form of the first half of the 20th century. 1 or 2

verses.CD1- 20

TERM 42

word painting

DEFINITION 42

sometimes a composer will attempt to have the music

specifically describe or portray a word or phrase of text

TERM 43

simple ternary(three part) form

DEFINITION 43

usually ABA with B forming a clear contrast to the outer A

sections

TERM 44

through-composed form

DEFINITION 44

songs that have frequent changes and contrasts that follow

no regular or clear patternCD1- 1, 6, 7

TERM 45

reasons for certain singing styles

DEFINITION 45

1) what is necessary or practical2) tradition3) influence of

certain individuals4) what comes naturally5) what is

successful (good fortune)6) a bridge to the spirit world7)

beautiful or 'correct' singing8) the influence of technology9)

being individual10) gender identity11) imitating instruments

CD1- 1611) imitating instruments

describing voices

relaxed, tensesoft, loudlow, highthin, full/richpure,

raspystraight tone, vibrato or pulsed toneconnected,

detached

TERM 47

pitch presentation

DEFINITION 47

sliding into or falling away from a note, bending pitches,

altered pitches

TERM 48

altered (abnormal) singing

DEFINITION 48

humming, whispering, speaking, multiphonics, falsetto, &

yodeling

TERM 49

vocal interjections

DEFINITION 49

moans, cries, squeals, grunts, yelps

TERM 50

diction

DEFINITION 50

clarity with which the singer delivers the text

dynamic shading

minute shifts in volume, usually for expressive reasons

TERM 52

vocal color

DEFINITION 52

various voices have been described as reedy, bright, silvery,

smoky, twangy, nasal, brassy, or dark

TERM 53

rhythmic interpretation

DEFINITION 53

altering traditional rhythms

TERM 54

dance

DEFINITION 54

a form of physical movement that is graceful, athletic,

expressive and/or rhythmic

TERM 55

what is dance used

for?

DEFINITION 55

1) socialization and entertainment2) theatrical dancing3)

ritual dancing

functional

music created and performed FOR dancing

TERM 57

stylized

DEFINITION 57

music that borrows some of the characteristics of dance but

its intended for listening only

TERM 58

Sanga and tango

DEFINITION 58

national dance styles of Brazil and ArgentinaCD1- 25&

TERM 59

Ballet

DEFINITION 59

a type of highly stylized theatrical dancing developed in

France and Italy and reached a peak of development in

Russia near the end of the 19th century

TERM 60

Pyotr Tchaikovsky wrote..

DEFINITION 60

Swan LakeSleeping BeautyThe Nutcracker

Swan Lake

ballet, 19th century

TERM 62

Modern Dance

DEFINITION 62

a style of early 20th dance that developed in areas where

there was not a strong ballet

traditionphysicalangularunbalanced

TERM 63

Martha Graham

DEFINITION 63

perhaps the leading exponent of modern dance

TERM 64

Appalachian Spring

DEFINITION 64

a modern dance classic that martha graham made

TERM 65

Nationalism

DEFINITION 65

1) by content- inspired by ppl, places, and events that were

significant parts of their country's history and folklore2) by

style- rhythms borrowed from folk dances, tones of ethnic

music

Dvorak

wrote nationalistic musicCzech composerSlavonic

dances'furiant''polka'

TERM 67

Charles Ives

DEFINITION 67

American Nationalist20th century"Three Places in New

England:CD2- 5

TERM 68

Aaron Copland

DEFINITION 68

began as a modernistbut then: "Billy the Kid" "Rodeo" "A

Lincoln Portrait" "The Red Pony" "Appalachian Spring"

TERM 69

Organ

DEFINITION 69

acoustic keyboardsend air pressure into a sounding pipe

TERM 70

harpsichord

DEFINITION 70

sound produced by a mechanism that plucks the string, but

only one volume

Clavichord

rather small instrumentsmall hard hammer hits the stringsfor

individual practice/performance

TERM 72

piano o forte

DEFINITION 72

replaced the harpsichordmeans 'soft or loud'

TERM 73

fugue

DEFINITION 73

begins in a predictable way CD2- 9

TERM 74

Franz Liszt

DEFINITION 74

romantic periodtoured Europebrilliant and difficult music

TERM 75

Frederic Chopin

DEFINITION 75

'poet of the piano'romantic period

Robert Schumann

Romantic Periodgerman style

TERM 77

Impressionism

DEFINITION 77

seeking to depict fleeting informal scenes from everyday life

in broken, luminous, textures of pure colorfirst used to

describe a new style of painting in the late 19th

centurydetached and unemotional

TERM 78

Expressionism

DEFINITION 78

exaggeration of color, shape and detail to the point of

distortion with the aim of bringing out the inner turmoil,

anxiety, & sense of isolationan exploration of extreme

statesArnold Schoenberg

TERM 79

Minimalism

DEFINITION 79

most major of the major musical styles in the last 40

yearsvisual art styles like andy warholhighly

repetitiveelectronically modified sometimesfast rhythms

CD2- 19

TERM 80

Opera ***

DEFINITION 80

--the staged--music setting--of a dramatic story

Libretto

the text of an opera

TERM 82

Florentine

camerata

DEFINITION 82

created opera. they believed that they were recreating

ancient Greek theater, which they though was primarily a

type of musical drama

TERM 83

monody

DEFINITION 83

speech like singing with very plain instrumental

accompainment

TERM 84

number

operas

DEFINITION 84

consist of string of alternating songs (arias) and short

passages of simpler connecting music (recitatives)

TERM 85

aria

DEFINITION 85

1. expresses the emotion of the moment2. usually has a

poetic text3. has fully developed music (a full melody)4. uses

a full singing style

Recitative

1. moves the action along2. prose text3. fragmented, non

continuous music4. a more speech-like type of singing

TERM 87

Secco recitative

DEFINITION 87

accompanied only by a few chords played on a

keyboardfaster and more speechlike

TERM 88

accompanied recitative

DEFINITION 88

anything from a few chords to punctuate the sung text or

short phrases of music to suggest a mood or emotionmore

melodic

TERM 89

skills of the great composers of the opera

DEFINITION 89

1. can portray music of wide range of emotion2. sense of

balance, logic, and dramatic time in for controlling large

scale musical structures3. skill in writing for voices4. skill in

writing for orchestra

TERM 90

opera seria

DEFINITION 90

serious operaupper classes characters

opera buffa

comic operalower classes characters

TERM 92

Don Giovanni

DEFINITION 92

by Mozartan opera buffa

TERM 93

Giuseppe Verdi

DEFINITION 93

wrote 26 operasLa Traviata

TERM 94

forms of aria

DEFINITION 94

recitativeslow ariastrettafast aria

TERM 95

slow aria

DEFINITION 95

expresses the primary emotion established during the

recitative

stretta

a musical passage that is a little like recitative but tends to

build suspense or emotion

TERM 97

Fast Aria

DEFINITION 97

(duet) expresses the emotion established in the strettaCD3-

3-6(slowandfastarias)

TERM 98

Wagner

DEFINITION 98

wrote 13 operastristan und idoldethe ringcreated a new style

of opera called music drama

TERM 99

unndliche melodie

DEFINITION 99

by wagnercontinuous melody

TERM 100

leitmotiv

DEFINITION 100

wagneridea that one person should create everything

Chromatic

harmony

wagnerrich, colorful & complex harmony

TERM 102

Zunkunstwerk

DEFINITION 102

Wagner'Art Work of the Future'

TERM 103

Die Walkure

DEFINITION 103

the second opera in the ring cycle

TERM 104

West Side Story

DEFINITION 104

CD3- 12-17retelling of shakespeare's romeo and julietset in

NYC

TERM 105

Film Music

DEFINITION 105

silent filmstalking pictures

ways music can enhance a film

1. sense of time and place2. sense of unity3. music

underpins emotions. so romance, triumph or fear4. identify

characters, places, objects, emotions5. add levels of

meaning. inner feeling. foreshadowing. recollect past.6.

building or releasing tension7. animate action8. transitions9.

silences (sudden)10. help cover weakness in the film

TERM 107

Alexander Nevsky

DEFINITION 107

CD3- 20-231938 movieby acclaimed russian director, Segei

Eisentein