NACC PSW EXAMS, PRACTICE EXAMS AND STUDY GUIDE EXAMS, Exams of Nursing

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NACC PSW EXAMS, PRACTICE EXAMS AND

STUDY GUIDE EXAMS WITH ACTUAL

CORRECT QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED

DETAILED RATIONALES ANSWERS

2024(NEWEST) ALREADY GRADED A+

In Canada's provinces and territories, support services are governed by:

A. Regional health boards B. The Federal government C. Private or not-for-profit agencies D. The Provincial and territorial government D The trend in the Canadian health care system is to:

A. Increase public spending on hospitals B. Decrease spending on community-based services C. Focus on providing more community-based services D. Promote facility based services over home care C Home care is an example of:

A. A community-based service B. A facility-based service C. A community day program D. Palliative care A Which work setting provides acute care?

A. Home care B. Long-term care facilities C. Assisted-living facilities D. Hospitals D Which work setting may provide subacute care?

A. Retirement homes B. Long-term care facilities C. Group homes D. Hospices B What type of service aims to provide a temporary break to family caregivers?

A. Acute care services B. Palliative Services C. Respite services D. Outpatient services C Which of the following is an example of residential facility?

A. Hospital B. Methadone clinic C. Private residence D. Assisted-living facility D Residents in retirement facilities generally include:

A. People with mental impairment B. Young adults with physical or other disabilities C. Frail older adults with multiple health problems D. Older adults with limited care needs D Residents in long-term care facilities generally require:

A. 24-hour nursing care and support services B. Supervision and limited support services C. Acute care D. Housekeeping services, but not meal services A In which setting is maintaining a homelike atmosphere especially important?

A. Hospital B. Doctor's office C. Community day program D. Long-term care facility

D

In the 1800s, good health was considered to be:

A. Well-being in all dimensions of life B. Optimal wellness C. The absence of disease D. Physical, emotional, and social well-being C A holistic approach to health is one that:

A. Takes a realistic view of a person's health problems B. Takes into account the whole person C. Focuses on the person's illness or disability D. Focuses on the person's physical health B Which of the following is one of the five dimensions of health?

A. Recreational health B. Income and social status C. Emotional health D. Education and literacy C Which of the following is one of the key determinants of health?

A. Cognitive health B. Biology and genetic endowment C. Fear and anxiety D. Change in sexual functioning B Which factor best contribute to good physical health?

A. A high-fat diet B. Smoking outside C. The regular use of seat belts D. Avoiding all animal protein C People with strong emotional health:

A. Exhibit self-control B. Read the paper and are curious about life C. Can become angry easily when provoked D. Practice good eating habits A A social support system is:

A. A group of people who volunteer in the community B. A system of social welfare C. An informal network of people who help each other or others D. Another term for a health care team C An acute illness:

A. Appears suddenly and last for a short time B. Is a slow, progressive illness C. Results in disability D. Is another term for influenza A Which of the following is true of persistent illness?

A. People usually recover B. The symptoms often appears quickly C. Most of us have a persistent illness D. It is a slow, progressive illness D Which of the following is a true statement?

A. People respond to illness and disability in much the same way B. People's responses to illness and disability vary C. Almost all people with illnesses and disabilities are depressed D. Most people with illnesses and disabilities are in denial B The term discrimination means : A. Denial B. An artificial opening between the colon and the abdominal wall

C. The unfair treatment of people on the basis of their physical characteristics, health history, or group membership D. A refusal to admit the truth C During an exchange of information, a message is sent:

A. From a sender to a receiver B. From a receiver to a sender C. From a sender to a sender D. Without feedback A Which is true?

A. Verbal communication does not involve the spoken word B. Verbal communication is the truest reflection of a person's feelings C. Messages can sent by facial expressions, gestures, posture, body movements, appearance and eye contact D. All people like to be touched C To communicate with your client, Mr. Lam, You should:

A. Use words and phrases B. Listen to concerns and report them to the supervisor, who can answer his questions C. Give your opinion when he is sharing fears and concerns D. Ask closed questions when you need specific information B When talking with Mr. Long, Which of the following might indicate that you are listening?

A. You continue making the bed with your back to him B. You have direct eye contact with him C. You cross your arm and look away D. You roll your eyes at what he has said B You and Mrs. Jones are talking about her surgery. Which of the following is a closed question?

A. "Do you feel better now?" B. "Tell me what your plans are for home"

C. " What will you do when your fully recover?" D. "How long will you be off work?" A Your client tells you she is not happy that she has to use a walker. Which of the following response show empathy?

A. You tell her about a time you had to use crutches. B. You suggest methods that might help her use her walker more efficiently. C. You quickly tried to change the subject to something more happier. D. You listen to her and acknowledge her feelings D Focusing is a useful communication tool when:

A. A person is rambling B. You want to make sure you understand the message C. You want the person to share thoughts and feelings D. You need information A Which statement will promote communication?

A. "Don't worry" B. "Everything will be just fine" C. This is a good facility" D. "I see you are upset. Do you want to talk about this?" D Which is a barrier to communication?

A. Interrupting B. Repeating what the person says C. Giving advice D. A and C D A client is angry. Which of the following statement is true?

A. The person probably has a disease that affects thinking and behavior. B. Drug or alcohol abuse is likely. C. You should tell the person to calm down and that everything will be fine. D. Listening and using silence are important

D

In regard to assertive communication, which of the following is true?

A. You appear upset, cold and angry. B. You appear confident, calm and composed. C. You are usually not respectful. D. You appear hesitant, apologetic, and timid. B The membership of a health care team is determined by:

A. The client's needs B. The nurse's needs C. The physician's needs D. The needs of the client's family A Which of the following is a benefit of the team approach of health care?

A. Opportunities for confidentiality B. Opportunities for delegation C. Opportunities for collaboration D. Opportunities for assignment of tasks C The following statements are about health care teams and facilities. Which is true?

A. Teams are often interdisciplinary B. Family conferences do not include the client C. Team members usually work in different locations D. Team members have few opportunities to meet A In a community setting, who usually accesses, monitors, and evaluates a client's needs and coordinates the services of the health care team?

A. The family physician B. The case manager C. The occupational therapist D. The social worker B

Delegation means:

A. Giving someone responsibility for providing care B. Authorizing an unregulated care provider to perform a task C. Transferring responsibility to another worker D. Giving the support worker the power to enforce an act B Which factor affects delegation decisions made by a nurse?

A. Is the client's condition stable? B. Does legislation restrict who can perform this task? C. What tasks are included in the support worker's job description? D. All of the above D If a nurse delegates a task to you, which of the following is true?

A. The nurse is completely responsible for your actions; you are not responsible. B. The nurse has overall responsibility for your actions; you are also responsible. C. You are completely responsible for your actions; the nurse is not responsible. D. Neither you nor the nurse is responsible B A procedure can be delegated to you:

A. By any regulated health care provider B. By a physician C. By the client D. By a nurse only D A nurse delegates a task to you that you are not comfortable doing. Which of the following is a true statement?

A. You must perform the task B.You can refuse to perform the task C. You cannot ask for further training on how to perform the task D. You cannot ask the nurse to stay while you perform the task B You are assisting Mr. Chiang with personal care in his home. Mrs. Chiang ask you to change her husband's dressing. Nurses have delegated dressing changes to you for other clients. What should you do?

A. Tell Mrs. Chiang that you are not allowed to perform the procedure without the authorization of your supervisor. Call your supervisor. B. Tell Mrs. Chiang that you can change the dressing if her husband (Your Client) asks you to do it. C. Tell Mrs. Chiang that you can change the dressing if she stays in the room during the procedure. D. Tell Mrs. Chiang she has to obtain permission from your supervisor A Stress is:

A. The way you cope with and adjust to everyday living B. The emotional, behavioral, or physical response to an event or situation C. A mental or emotional disorder D. A thought or an idea B A stressor is :

A. An even or situation that causes stress B. A coping strategy C. A defence mechanism D. A reaction to stress A Which of the following influences a person's reaction to a stressor?

A. Past experiences with the same stressor B. A person's gender C. The person's temperament or personality D. All of the above D Which of the following can be a physical sign of stress?

A. Fatigue B. Depression C. Diarrhea D. Irritability E. All of the above F. A, B, and D E A defence mechanism is used to:

A. Blame others B. Avoid facing reality C. Solve Problems D. Make excuses for behaviour B Which of the following is a sign of burnout?

A. Increased patience with clients and co-workers B. Improved appetite C. Increased use of sarcasm D. Getting enough sleep at night C Goals should be SMART. What does SMART stand for?

A. Simple, monthly, allowable, reasonable, timely B. Specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, timely C. Simple, measurable, achievable, reasonable, topical D. Specific, monthly, allowable, realistic, topical B when trying to stay organized and save time, it is best to:

A. Save the important tasks until last B. Not set yourself a time limit for each task C. Develop a routine that works for you and the client D. Remain Inflexible C The first step in the problem-solving process is to:

A. Call for help B. Learn to say no assertively C. Identify the problem D. Think of as many solutions as you can C What is an important part of resolving conflict?

A. Communication and good work ethics B. Focusing on the person, not the problem C. Avoiding the person with whom you have a conflict D. Confronting the person with your supervisor for support

A

Ethics apply only to life and death situations.

A. True B. False B Code of ethics provide rules and answers to ethical Activities of daily living (ADLs) are:

A. Social and recreational activities B. Activities that support workers performs to prevent injuries C. Physical exercise that people perform daily to keep themselves fit D. Self-care activities that people perform daily to remain independent and to function in society D Which of the following is a way in which support workers assist nurses or other health care team members?

A. Assist the client's needs B. Order range-of-motion exercises C. Witness legal signatures on permission forms D. Report changes in the client's behavior or health D Resident is a term used to describe a person who is receiving care at:

A. Home B. A long-term care facility C. An outpatient clinic D. A hospital B The main focus of the health care team is to:

A. See as many clients as possible B. Provide quality care for the client C. Complete assigned task as quickly as possible D. Find a cure for the client's illness or condition B Support workers are:

A. Unregulated care providers B. Licensed health care workers C. Members of a professional college D. Members of a regulatory body A Scope of practice means:

A. The task that are assigned by your supervisor B. The task that a client ask you to perform C. The effort you put into performing a task or procedure D. The legal limits of your role D Professionalism is:

A. A term used to describe workplace settings B. An approach to work that demonstrates respect for others, commitment, competence, and appropriate behavior C. A commitment made by regulated professionals D. Another term for confidentiality B Which of the following is true?

A. You can use a client's phone to make personal calls B. Friends can visit you at work C. You must follow your employer's dress code policy D. Sharing your personal problems with a client shows compassion C In a long-term care facility, the client's information should be share among:

A. Health care team members involve in the client's care B. Health care team members and friends who visit the client C. Family and friends of the client D. All staff members at the facility A Compassion means:

A. Keeping one's feelings to oneself B. Approaching your work with enthusiasm

C. Taking pity on those who are less fortunate D. Caring about another's misfortune and suffering D The acronym DIPPS stands for:

A. Disability, independence, preferences, policies, sympathy B. Dignity, independence, preferences, privacy, safety C. Discretion, individuality, pity, privacy, support D. Disability, individuality, pity, privacy, scope of practice B Which is false? When solving problems, you should:

A. Consider your scope of practice B. Consider the principles of compassionate care C. Discuss the problem with the client D. Not involve the client to prevent causing more problems D Canada's health care system is:

A. Straightly a federal responsibility B. Delivered by government employees C. Funded by private insurance companies D. Publicly funded through provincial or territorial and federal taxes D Provincial and territorial government are responsible for:

A. Paying the full amount of all medical procedures B. Planning, financing, and delivering their own health care insurance plans C. Delivering health care services to indigenous peoples and military personal D. Delivering health care services to inmates of federal penitentiaries and to the RCMP B Which law ensures that every citizen has access to healthcare?

A. The Medical Care Act B. The Canada Health Act C. The Long-Term Care Facilities Act D. The Hospital Insurance and Diagnostic Services Act B

Canadians who travel to other parts of the country still maintain their provincial or territorial health care coverage. Which principle of medicare does this exemplify?

A. Portability B. Universality C. Comprehensiveness D. Public administration A The most pressing cause of health care reform has been:

A. The Great Depression B. Lack of accessibility C. Lack of available technology D. Rising cost of providing technology, drugs, and services D Immunization programs are an example of a:

A. Medicare System B. Disease prevention program C. Home care services D. Facility-based treatment B One of the major focus of home care is to:

A. Diagnose and treat disease B. Enable clients to remain in their own homes C. Provide accommodations for people with disabilities D. Provide accommodation for acutely ill people who do not want to go into the hospital B Home care services provided by the support worker might include:

A. Vacuuming and dusting B. Respiratory therapy C. Assisting the client with physiotherapy D. Assisting the client with banking A Which statement about Canadian home care programs is correct?

A. All home care is free to Canadians.

B. Provincial government funding is shifting to home care. C. Hospital care is cheaper and better alternative for most people D. All provinces and territories govern their programs in a similar manner B The Canada Health Act Which law ensures that every citizen has access to health care? Rising costs of providing technology, drugs and services The most pressing cause of health care reform has been : Support services provided through home care DO NOT include Respiratory Therapy A holistic approach to health Takes into account the whole person Do people with strong emotional health show their emotions easily? People with strong emotional health do not show their emotions easily. Acute Illness Appears suddenly and lasts a short time People usually recover from chronic illness This is not true of chronic illness Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs A system that arranges human needs into categories Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms the bill identifying human rights that are guaranteed to everyone in Canada; on every level and embedded in the Constitution of Canada Provincial Human Rights Codes Freedom from discrimination, harassment. Equal treatment with respect to services and facilities, age, sex, ethnicity. Does not promote the right to vote informed consent Must include information about the nature of the treatment, discuss potential risks and side effects, likely consequences of not having the treatment. Does not include reassurance that this is the best and only option. Negligence

careless neglect, often resulting in injury. Prison term is unlikely. Assault Intentional attempt or threat to touch a persons body without the persons consent. False Imprisonment the illegal restraint of another person's movement prejudice preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience Activities of Daily Living Self care activities that people perform to remain independant and function in society Unregulated Health Care Provider Personal Support Worker Professionalism An approach to work that demonstrates a respect for others, commitment, competence and appropriate behaviour Hospitals Work settings that provide acute care respite services service that provides a temporary break to family caregivers Residents in retirement facilities older adults with limited care needs Membership of the healthcare team determined by the clients needs opportunity for collaboration benefits of team approach to health care Case manager evaluates a clients needs and coordinates the services of the health care in a community team Delegated task responsibility You, and the RN are responsible Stress

the emotional, behavioural, or physical response to an event or situation. Not influenced by gender. Displacement When you respond in anger to someone who was not the person who angered you. S.M.A.R.T Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, Timely Non-maleficence duty to do no harm, provide a safe environment Autonomy self-government, respecting personal preferences Function of the Care Plan Provide central reference point on the clients health problems, needs and care for communication and to ensure everyone provides the same care. NOT to provide information that never changes. Subjective Data things a person tells you about that you cannot observe through your senses; symptoms Graphic sheet used to record measurements and observations made three to four times per day. Speaker to reciever exchange of information Verbal communication expressing ideas to others by using spoken words, NOT the truest reflection of a persons feelings. Closed questions Questions that can usually be answered with yes or no. Focussing as a communication tool When a person is rambling Questions Used to promote good communication receptive aphasia difficulty understanding spoken or written words, language apraxia of speech

caused by brain injury Dysarthria difficulty forming words, slurred speech but can understand what is said. Speech and language disorders Can cause problems relating to family and friends Meniere's disease disorder of inner ear causing vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss Not obvious hearing problems loneliness and isolation If the hearing aid is not working check that it is turned on Distal the point farthest from the point of origin medial relating or located at or near the middle or midline of the body or body part BRP bathroom privileges STAT At once, immediately Falls the most common accident in all settings Fall prevention wipe up spills, use nightlights, encourage hand rails and grab bars, keep bed in lowest position Bed rails a device that serves as a guard or barrier along the side of the bed. Only use when supervisor and the care plan tell you to. Fire alarm sounds turn off oxygen, move clients to a safe place. Close windows and doors. Do NOT use elevators. restraint

a physical or chemical way to restrict voluntary movement or behavior. Can not be used to make work easier. When a restraint is used Check on the client and the position of the restraint every 15 minutes. Report a pulse in the restrained extremities. Must be able to slide an open hand between the restraint and the client. Signs of Infection fever, nausea, rash, pain, swelling, redness. NOT bleeding. Aseptic practices reduce the number of microbes Standard Precautions Used for all clients Gloves are worn For blood, body fluids, secretions and excretions, NOT sweat Good body alignment Having the head, trunk, arms, and legs aligned with one another. qid four times a day bid twice a day Support Workers at risk for Back injuries Friction A force that opposes motion, skin rubbing on bed sheet When transferring a client Move the strong side first Plantar flexion bends the foot downward at the ankle. Use a foot board. Trochanter Roll rolled up towel or blanket, to control external rotation of the hip

Contracture The lack of joint mobility caused by abnormal shortening of a muscle Flexion Bending the body part Ambulation the act of walking. Do not let client shuffle or slide after bed rest A single tip cane To be used on the strong side Cycle of abuse honeymoon phase, tension building phase, abusive incident. Both men and women can be abused. Situation with an abusive client Do not touch the client Not a sign of physical abuse stiff and sore joints a potential sign of sexual abuse intense fear of bathing or perineal care financial abuse stealing, taking advantage of, or threatening someone for financial gain When you suspect a client is being abused Tell your supervisor Home management duties include Light housekeeping tasks When working in a clients kitchen Use paper towel to dry hands Nutrition the many processes involved in the ingestion, digestion, absorption and use of foods and fluids by the body Protein needed for tissue growth and repair

Daily Value indicates whether there is a little or a lot of a nutrient in a serving of food Diabetes A condition in which the body is unable to produce enough insulin. Does not require a sodium restricted diet. Insulin A hormone produced by the pancreas or taken as a medication by many diabetics Diabetic diet must eat the same amount of carbohydrates, protein and fat each day. Gastronomy tube The surgical placement of a feeding tube from the exterior of the body directly into the stomach. Common reasons for tube feedings cancer of the esophagus, surgery to the mouth, dysphasia dysphasia difficulty speaking Aspiration Breathing fluid, food, vomitus, or an object into the lungs. Major complication of nasogastric or naso- intestinal tubes. rehabilitation Restore to normal life. Often slower for older adults. physiotherapist therapist who treats with exercises and other physical treatments to restore strength and balance Rehabilitation process addresses the whole person DIPPS Dignity, independence, preference, privacy, safety Assessment involves Collecting information about the client Nursing diagnosis

a health problem that can be treated by nursing measures. Trendelenburg position head of the bed is lowered, foot of the bed is raised Sims position lying on left side with right knee drawn up and with left arm drawn behind, parallel to the back Fowler's position a semi-sitting position; the head of the bed is raised between 45 and 60 degrees Semi-Fowler's Position the head of the bed is raised 30 degrees water temperature for bed bath 40.5 degrees (105F) alopecia hair loss Elastic stockings reduce swelling in legs, prevent blood clots, exert pressure on the veins. Radiation pain pain that spreads out from an area Amount of time between medication and procedure 30 minutes How often should a client who tires easily rest? As often as they need too. Adults of all ages often fear dying alone Palliative care Services for all people with a progressive and life threatening illness that relieves and reduces uncomfortable symptoms The last sense to be lost as death approaches hearing DNR

do not resuscitate, including no CPR Post-mortem care care of the body after the body has been pronounced dead Lochia red vaginal discharge after childbirth abdominal incision caused by cesarian delivery mastitis pain and inflammation of the breast When infants are placed for sleep lay them on their backs. Do not use pillows. Cord and circumcision care given at every diaper change developmental disability can occur before birth, at birth, or during childhood or adolescents. Permanent. intellectual disability impaired ability to learn Cerebral palsy caused by lack of oxygen to the brain Down syndrom occurs at fertilization Spastic Cerebral Palsy problems with posture, balance and movement Spina Bifida Improper closing of the spine. Common problems are bowel and bladder issues. Infancy stage first year of life Preschool years the stage when children begin playing with each other

8 years old the age when peer group activities become important Psychoanalysis exploring unconscious conflict and underlying reasons for problems obsessive-compulsive disorder An anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts and/ or actions bipolar disorder severe mood swings between major depressive episodes and manic episodes anorexia nervosa an eating disorder in which an irrational fear of weight gain leads people to starve themselves manic phase of bipolar disorder behaviour becomes disorganized and chaotic, avoid stimulating environment Schizophrenia delusions of grandeur and hallucinations Substance dependence disorder The deliberate misuse of medications ,illegal drugs ,alcohol or other substances. Cognitive how we encode, process, store, and retrieve information. Not related to personality. Delirium mental disorder marked by confusion; uncontrolled excitement dementia a slowly progressive decline in mental abilities, including memory, thinking, and judgment, that is often accompanied by personality changes. Not a normal part of aging. Sundowning Behaviours become worse in the late afternoon and evening hours Older stomachs decreased digestive juices position for using a bedpan fowlers position for bedpan

supine position lying on back, facing upward prone position lying on abdomen, facing downward do not do this with an indwelling catheter tape any leaks at connection site indwelling catheter one that remains inside the body for a prolonged time clean the perineum before collecting midstream specimens fecal impaction the prolonged retention and buildup of feces in the rectum bowel training developing a regular elimination pattern for controlling bowel movements Empty an ostomy pouch when feces is present Melena Black tarry stool Ostomy surgically create an opening Glass thermometer rarely used in a health care setting radial pulse the pulse felt at the wrist, most common method adult pulse of 120 bpm report immediately systolic blood pressure the pressure created in the arteries when the left ventricle contracts and forces blood out into circulation. Point where the first sound is heard.