NAPRx CNPR Actual Exam: 160 Verified Questions and Answers 2023-2024, Exams of Nursing

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NAPRx CNPR Actual Exam WITH 160 Verified

Questions and Highlighted Answers 2023- 2024

How are drugs sorted into therapeutic groups and classes? - ANSWER>>First by the conditions that they are used to treat, and then by their mechanisms of action

Bone marrow transplants ... - ANSWER>>are a type of stem cell therapy, unless patient's own cells are reinjected

What does AMA stand for? - ANSWER>>American Medical Association

What section of a drug's package insert describes situations in which the drug should not be used because the risks outweigh the therapeutic benefits? - ANSWER>>contraindications

What is tertiary care? - ANSWER>>highly specialized medical and surgical care provided by a large medical center for unusual or complex medical problems brand quality

Which of the following is NOT one of the stages in the classic approach to brand development strategy? - ANSWER>>brand quality

What are vasodilators used to do? - ANSWER>>decrease vascular resistance and increase blood flow

What is the name of the condition that occurs after a specific dose of a drug is given at such regular intervals that absorption and elimination have become constant? - ANSWER>>steady state

Which statement is TRUE about ocular administration? - ANSWER>>ocular administration is used primarily to treat the eye

Which entity/entities invest(s) the most money in pharmaceutical R&D? - ANSWER>>U.S. pharmaceutical companies

How are most drugs excreted? - ANSWER>>kidneys

Over the last few decades, what has happened to legal limitations on sales' reps discussions about off label uses? - ANSWER>>limitations have decreased

Which of the following is an example of a branding fundamental? - ANSWER>>the brand promise

What does it mean if two drugs are at parity? - ANSWER>>both drugs are essentially in a neutral position

Who is most likely to benefit from e-sampling programs? - ANSWER>>everyone would benefit equally

When referring to medication dosage, which abbreviation means "one-half"? - ANSWER>>SS

What is an internist? - ANSWER>>a physician who practices internal medicine

What is a type of white blood cell? - ANSWER>>lymphocytes

Why are novice sales representatives often placed in charge of negotiating MCO formularies? - ANSWER>>they are not; this job is usually reserved for more experienced reps

What distinguishes pharmacodynamics from pharmacokinetics? - ANSWER>>pharmacodynamics studies how drugs affect the body

What proportion of the drugs tested on human subjects are eventually approved by the FDA? - ANSWER>>about 20%

How do most physicians prefer to receive their drug samples? - ANSWER>>directly from sales representatives

What is an example of a central value? - ANSWER>>I buy Advil to show that I am a modern consumer

What specialty likely has the most emergency calls? - ANSWER>>cardiology

What affects the rate of active transport? - ANSWER>>the availability of carriers and energy

Over the last few decades, what has happened to the FDA approval time for new drugs? - ANSWER>>it has been shortened to reduce the cost of new drug development

What would not help improve compliance? - ANSWER>>pharmacists understanding how generics differ from brand name drugs

Which entity chooses a drug's trade name? - ANSWER>>the FDA

What type of stem cells are obtained from embryos and can develop into any cell type? - ANSWER>>totipotent

As the price a patient pays for a prescription increases, what happens to the likelihood that the patient will fill it? - ANSWER>>it decreases

Most involuntary movements come from which type of muscle tissue? - ANSWER>>cardiac and smooth

What is not one of the body's major organ systems? - ANSWER>>the cellular system

How do most drugs exert their primary physiological effects? - ANSWER>>by binding to cell receptors that are sensitive to their presence

What is the most reliable source of information for determining therapeutically equivalent drug product? - ANSWER>>orange book

What does subcutaneous mean? - ANSWER>>beneath the outer skin

What should a sales rep do if all of the prime spaces in a drug cabinet are occupied? - ANSWER>>ask staff for permission to move some of the other products in the cabinet

It is inappropriate for physicians' prescribing behavior to be educated by their personal tastes and idiosyncrasies. - ANSWER>>true

How does the FDA define API? - ANSWER>>as the active pharmaceutical ingredient in a drug, which produces the desired change in the body

What are the 2 legal classifications of wholesalers? - ANSWER>>primary and secondary wholesale distributors

What term describes the usage of a medication for purposes other than the FDA-approved indications on the labeling? - ANSWER>>off-label usage

What is the acronym for pharmacokinetics? - ANSWER>>PK

The dosage range of a drug that is both safe and beneficial is known as the therapeutic window.

• ANSWER>>true

What is typically not a characteristic of a pharmaceutical sales rep? - ANSWER>>pharmaceutical sales reps are not concerned about competitors

What entity grants drug patents? - ANSWER>>the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office

What refers to all active and inert pharmaceutical ingredients in a drug, including fillers and colors? - ANSWER>>formulation

What is the difference between potency and efficacy? - ANSWER>>potency refers ti the drug's strength, while efficacy refers to its effectiveness

What is the minimum level of education requires for a nurse practitioner? - ANSWER>>a graduate degree

How many names must a drug have? - ANSWER>>at least three

How has a longer development time increased the cost of bringing a new drug to market? - ANSWER>>by increasing the cost of capital

Senior citizens consume over____ times as many pharmaceuticals as people under 65. - ANSWER>>three

What agency regulates the distribution and use of narcotics? - ANSWER>>the DEA

What is passive diffusion? - ANSWER>>when a substance freely moves through a membrane from a high concentration gradient to a low one

What are the main categories of drugs under FDA jurisdiction? - ANSWER>>prescription and non-prescription

What is an example of a natural uterotonic agent? - ANSWER>>oxytocin

What are all metabolites? - ANSWER>>products of metabolism

When a drug is administered orally, where does first-pass metabolism occur? - ANSWER>>liver

What is the medical term for swelling? - ANSWER>>edema

What is not part of the 7 Step Cascade of Emotion? - ANSWER>>be a consultant, not a rep

Which part of a clinical research paper is frequently referred to as the road map? - ANSWER>>abstract

What is a main active ingredient in lung surfactants? - ANSWER>>theophylline

What does parenteral mean? - ANSWER>>injection

What term denotes a type of substance that enhances the action of a drug or antigen? - ANSWER>>adjuvant

If a sales rep's product is placed on the second tier of standard three-tier formulary, what is most likely true? - ANSWER>>it probably has exclusive preferred status if not at parity with any other drugs

What is not one of the four basic transport mechanisms? - ANSWER>>homeostasis

What statement accurately describes a relationship between drug agonists and antagonists? - ANSWER>>agonists and antagonists can be used together

What is the study of the effects and movement of drugs in the human body? - ANSWER>>clinical pharmacology

What is a common complaint that physicians have about traditional sampling methods? - ANSWER>>that drug sample supply is too unpredictable

Which entity is formed by two or more hospitals or other healthcare entities to negotiate reduced rates with its aggregated purchasing power? - ANSWER>>GPO

What is another name for a drug derived from a biologic compound? - ANSWER>>large molecule

What is the most common policy regarding pharmaceutical reps dispensing drug samples in hospitals? - ANSWER>>drug sampling is often forbidden

What would help you build trust with a physician? - ANSWER>>asking if he or she is having any problems with the managed care coverage of your products

What term denotes the difference between the usual effective dose and the dose that induces severe or life-threatening side effects? - ANSWER>>margin of safety

What are excipients? - ANSWER>>the inert ingredients in a drug formulation

What is another term for the AWP? - ANSWER>>list price

What is the most likely use for a uterotonic agent? - ANSWER>>to induce labor

As of November 2013, which country has legalized DTC advertising of prescription drugs? - ANSWER>>neither Canada, Japan, or Spain

Why are oral drugs often taken on an empty stomach? - ANSWER>>to pass through the stomach more quickly

What is one factor that differentiates community health centers from hospitals? - ANSWER>>community health center formularies are more restrictive

How does sampling provide a social benefit? - ANSWER>>doctors often use drug samples to treat patients who otherwise could not afford it

Which medical term denotes the use of a stethoscope to listen to the heart? - ANSWER>>auscultation

What do enteric coatings do? - ANSWER>>prevent dissolution in the stomach

What is the duration of exclusivity for orphan drugs? - ANSWER>>7 years

What do National Account Managers (NAMs) do? - ANSWER>>negotiate contracts with MCOs and PBMs

What does it usually mean if a drug recall is voluntary? - ANSWER>>the manufacturer has recalled the product on its own, but negotiated with the FDA beforehand

What phase of clinical trials is also known as the pivotal phase? - ANSWER>>Phase III

During which phase of clinical trials is the new drug's safety and effectiveness first tested in the target group? - ANSWER>>Phase II

How do antacids work? - ANSWER>>by raising gastric pH

What is one of the biggest time wasters for a pharmaceutical sales rep? - ANSWER>>travel time

What happens when equilibrium is reached? - ANSWER>>equal numbers of molecules cross the membrane in both directions

What are the most common vectors used in gene therapy? - ANSWER>>viruses

What is the percentage fee that the dispenser pays the wholesaler for distribution? - ANSWER>>upcharge

What is the difference between a chronic reaction, and a delayed reaction? - ANSWER>>chronic reactions persist for a long time, whereas delayed reactions take some time to develop

What is clinical effect? - ANSWER>>the response produced by a medication

What is an example of noncompliance? - ANSWER>>a patient forgetting to take a drug at a specified time of day

What is the average circulation time of blood? - ANSWER>>about a minute

What is one way in which pharmaceutical selling is different from selling in most other industries? - ANSWER>>representatives do not sell to the end user of the product

From what types of entities do primary wholesale distributors buy most of their drugs? - ANSWER>>manufacturers

What is the Office of Inspector General (OIG)? - ANSWER>>an arm of the Department of Health and Human Services

What are doctors required to consider when deciding whether or not to prescribe a particular drug? - ANSWER>>the severity of the disorder being treated and the effect it has on the patient's quality of life

Which entity assigns a new drug its generic name? - ANSWER>>the United States Adopted Name Council (USANC)

Drugs can be used how many days beyond their expiration date? - ANSWER>>zero

What is necessary for a drug to be excreted extensively via the kidneys? - ANSWER>>the drug must be water-soluble, and not bind too tightly to proteins in the bloodstream

Which organization or individual initiates the clinical trial and finances the study? - ANSWER>>sponsor

What drug name describes the atomic or molecular structure of the drug? - ANSWER>>the chemical name

Under PhRMA code, is it acceptable or unacceptable for a pharmaceutical sales rep to take a physician and their spouse to a fundraising dinner? - ANSWER>>unacceptable

The Hatch-Waxman Act is considered the most significant drug-related ______ affecting the pharmaceutical industry since 1962. - ANSWER>>legislation

What term denotes the extent, quality, or degree to which a substance is poisonous or harmful to the body? - ANSWER>>toxicity

What issue has most encouraged consumers' desire to see more OTC medications? - ANSWER>>lack of insurance coverage

What is the degree to which a medication produces a therapeutic effect? - ANSWER>>efficacy

What is the most important benefit of electronic prescribing? - ANSWER>>safety

When does the FDA regulate generic drugs? - ANSWER>>always

Which phase of trials largely determines the clinical dose? - ANSWER>>Phase II

What is an advantage of inactivated vaccines over attenuated vaccines? - ANSWER>>inactivated vaccines have a more stable shelf life

Which medical term denotes a low supply of oxygen due to blood flow? - ANSWER>>ischemia

What are the two main prescription drug marketing? - ANSWER>>professional physician promotions, and direct-to-consumer advertising

What is the site of delivery for subcutaneous injections? - ANSWER>>fatty tissue beneath the surface of the skin

What must be contained in the description section of a pharmaceutical package insert label? - ANSWER>>the proprietary name and established name

What is the study of a medication's effects as it passes through the body? - ANSWER>>pharmacokinetics

What is it called when customers purchase products from people they like, trust, and respect? - ANSWER>>the likability factor

What is penicillin's mechanism of action? - ANSWER>>it disturbs bacterial cell wall synthesis

How has the U.S. healthcare marketplace changed int he last few decades? - ANSWER>>managed care has been increasingly replaced by more patient-centered approaches

How does pharmaceutical marketing help narrow the treatment gap? - ANSWER>>it encourages patients tot take more active roles in their healthcare

What do immunosuppressive agents do? - ANSWER>>decrees the risk of infection

What types of drugs are EGFR inhibitors? - ANSWER>>antineoplastics

What means outside of the living body? - ANSWER>>ex vivo

The FDA requirements for nutraceuticals and medicinal herbs are just as stringent as for pharmaceuticals. - ANSWER>>false

What is the estimated net gain of private-sector healthcare's contributions to increased U.S. life expectancy? - ANSWER>>$800-900 billion

What is true regarding post-approval drug monitoring? - ANSWER>>the FDA can choose to withdraw their approval if new evidence arises

Which term denotes when tolerance to one medication causes increased tolerance to another medication? - ANSWER>>cross-tolerance

Patents expire how many years from the date of filing? - ANSWER>>twenty

After a trade-name drug's patent expires, how may generic versions of it be sold? - ANSWER>>only under the generic name

What is required for a new pharmaceutical to be considered a viable therapy? - ANSWER>>it is more effective and/or causes fewer serious adverse effects than other drugs on the market

Under the AMA guidelines, who is ultimately responsible for minimizing conflicts of interest? - ANSWER>>doctors

The act of dispensing a pharmaceutical alternative for the product prescribed is called what? - ANSWER>>pharmaceutical substitution

What does it mean if a drug is said to have a wide margin of safety? - ANSWER>>there is a lower chance of severe or life-threatening side effects

What is the medical acronym for effective dose? - ANSWER>>ED

Why is one group of subjects given an active drug, while another group only receives a placebo?

• ANSWER>>to assess the drug's effectiveness

A generic version is likely to have some inactive ingredients that are different from those of the original drug. - ANSWER>>true

What is an example of a functional value? - ANSWER>>I drink Coca-Cola because I like the taste

Where are most drugs metabolized? - ANSWER>>liver

What is essential to the ethical requirement that subjects be selected fairly? - ANSWER>>subjects should be selected based on scientific objectives

What is the most appropriate salutation for a cover letter if you cannot find a contact name? - ANSWER>>Dear Sir or Madam,

What is part of becoming an indispensable pharmaceutical sales rep? - ANSWER>>asking for feedback

What is not typically included in the indications and usage section fo the package insert information? - ANSWER>>the drug's active metabolites

Which term denotes the practice of classifying physicians and other potential prescribers by anticipated prescription volume? - ANSWER>>deciling

What makes a drug eligible for fast track approval from the FDA? - ANSWER>>it treats patients with a serious, life-threatening condition

In the gastrointestinal tract, what helps break up tablets to ensure full release of the active pharmaceutical ingredient? - ANSWER>>disintegrants

What does the PDRP do? - ANSWER>>limits sales rep's abilities to see individual physician's prescribing data

What are the components of the central nervous system? - ANSWER>>the brain and spinal cord

Which term denotes the origin or cause of a medical condition? - ANSWER>>etiology

Patients diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes ... - ANSWER>>... have an autoimmune disease

Which DTC pharmaceutical marketing tactic is permitted in European countries? - ANSWER>>disease state ads

What is one way in which psychologists differ from psychiatrists? - ANSWER>>psychologists deal more with emotional than physical issues

What are PBMs? - ANSWER>>organizations that negotiate between pharmaceutical companies and large drug purchasers

How does the Hatch-Waxman Act protect research-based drug manufacturers? - ANSWER>>by providing a 30-month cooling off period

What is the process of adjusting drug doses to achieve the maximum positive therapeutic effects while minimizing adverse or side effects? - ANSWER>>titration

What is studied more in pharmacodynamics than in pharmacokinetics? - ANSWER>>the transportation fo the drug to the specific site for drug-receptor interaction

How does the healthy human immune system use MHC markers? - ANSWER>>substances without MHC markers are discerned as foreign and targeted for destruction

What is a behind-the-counter drug? - ANSWER>>an OTC drug that must be closely monitored by the pharmacist

When do MSLs meet with clinicians? - ANSWER>>at nearly any stage of the product's life cycle