NAPRX CNPR LATEST EXAM 2024-2025 QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A+, Exams of Nursing

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NAPRX CNPR LATEST EXAM 2024 - 2025 QUESTIONS AND

VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A+

How are drugs sorted into therapeutic groups and classes? - CORRECT ANSWER- first by the conditions that they are used to treat.and then by their mechanisms of action Bone marrow transplants. - CORRECT ANSWER- are a type of stemcell therapy. unless patient's own cells are reinjected. What does AMA stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER- AmericanMedical Association What section of a drug's package insert describes situations in which the drug should not be used because the risks outweigh the therapeutic benefits? - CORRECT ANSWER- contraindications What is tertiary care? - CORRECT ANSWER- highly specialized medical and surgical care provided by a large medical center for unusualor complex medical problems Which of the following is NOT one of the stages in the classic approach to brand development strategy covered in your manual? - CORRECT ANSWER- brand quality What are vasodilators used to do? - CORRECT ANSWER- decreasevascular resistance and increase blood flow What is the name of the condition that occurs after a specific dose of a drug is given at such regular intervals that absorption and elimination (and therefore drug plasma concentration) have become fairly constant? CORRECT ANSWER- Steady State

Which statement is TRUE about ocular administration? - CORRECTANSWER- Ocular administration is used primarily to treat the eye. Which entities invest's the most money in pharmaceutical R&D? - CORRECT ANSWER- U.S. pharmaceutical companies How are most drugs excreted? - CORRECT ANSWER- via thekidneys Over the last few decades, what has happened to legal limitations onsales' reps discussions about off label uses? - CORRECT ANSWER- Limitations have decreased. What affects the rate of active transport? - CORRECT ANSWER-neither the availability of carriers nor the availability of energy Over the last few decades, what has happened to the FDA approvaltime for new drugs? - CORRECT ANSWER- It has been shortened to reduce the cost of new drug development. Which of the following would NOT help improve compliance? - CORRECT ANSWER- pharmacists understanding how generics differfrom brand name drugs What does it mean if two drugs are at parity? - CORRECTANSWER- Both drugs are essentially in a neutral position. Who is most likely to benefit from electronic sampling programs? - CORRECT ANSWER- Everyone would benefit equally from electronicsampling programs When referring to medication dosage, which abbreviation means"one-half' - CORRECT ANSWER- SS What is an internist? - CORRECT ANSWER- a physician whopractices internal medicine

Which of the following is a type of white blood cell? - CORRECTANSWER- Lymphocytes Which entity chooses a drug's trade name? - CORRECT ANSWER-the FDA What type of stem cells are obtained from embryos and can develop into any cell type? - CORRECT ANSWER- totipotent As the price a patient pays for a prescription increases, what happensto the likelihood that the patient will fill it? - CORRECT ANSWER- It remains unaffected because the prescription is needed Why are novice sales representatives often placed in charge of negotiating MCO formularies? - CORRECT ANSWER- They are not.This job is usually reserved for more experienced reps. What distinguishes pharmacodynamics from pharmacokinetics? - CORRECT ANSWER- Pharmacodynamics studies the how the bodyaffects drugs. What proportion of the drugs tested on human subjects are eventuallyapproved by the FDA? - CORRECT ANSWER- about 70% According to a study discussed in your manual, how do mostphysicians prefer to receive their drug samples? - CORRECT ANSWER- directly from sales representatives Which of the following is an example of a central value? - CORRECT ANSWER- I buy Advil to show that I'm a modernconsumer. Which of the following specialties likely has the MOST emergencycalls? - CORRECT ANSWER- cardiologist Most involuntary movements come from which type of muscletissue? - CORRECT ANSWER- cardiac and smooth

Which DTC pharmaceutical marketing tactic is permitted inEuropean countries? - CORRECT ANSWER- disease state ads What is one way in which psychologists DIFFER from psychiatrists? - CORRECT ANSWER- psycologist deal with emotionalthan physical issues Which statement is TRUE regarding post-approval drug monitoring? - CORRECT ANSWER- the FDA can choose to withdrawtheir approval if new evidence arises Which term denotes when tolerance to one medication causes increased tolerance to another medication? - CORRECT ANSWER-cross tolerance Patents expire years from the date of filing. - CORRECTANSWER- twenty After a trade-name drug's patent expires, how may generic versionsof it be sold? - CORRECT ANSWER- only under the branded generic name What is required for a new pharmaceutical to be considered a viabletherapy? - CORRECT ANSWER- it is more effective, causes fewer serious adverse effects than other drugs on the market Under the AMA guidelines, who is ultimately responsible for minimizing conflicts of interest? - CORRECT ANSWER- doctors The act of dispensing a pharmaceutical alternative for the productprescribed is - CORRECT ANSWER- pharmaceutical substitution What does it mean if a drug is said to have a wide margin of safety? CORRECT ANSWER- there is a lower chance of severe or lifethreatening side effects Which of the following is the correct medical acronym for effectivedose? - CORRECT ANSWER- ED

What are PBMs? - CORRECT ANSWER- organizations that negotiate between pharmaceutical companies and large drug purchasers Why is one group of subjects given an active drug, while another group only receives a placebo? - CORRECT ANSWER- to assess thedrugs effectiveness A generic version is likely to have some inactive ingredients that are different from those of the original drug. - CORRECT ANSWER-True Which of the following is an example of a functional value? - CORRECT ANSWER- I drink coco cola because I like the taste Where are most drugs metabolized? - CORRECT ANSWER- liver Which is essential to the ethical requirement that subjects be selectedfairly? - CORRECT ANSWER- subjects should be selected based on scientific objectives In the gastrointestinal tract, help break up tablets to ensure full release of the active pharmaceutical ingredient. - CORRECT ANSWER-disintegrants Which of the following is the most appropriate salutation for a cover letter if you cannot find a contact name? - CORRECT ANSWER-Dear Sir or Madam What is part of becoming an indispensable pharmaceutical salesrep? - CORRECT ANSWER- asking for feedback Which of the following is NOT typically included in the indicationsand usage section of the package insert information? - CORRECT ANSWER- the drugs active metabolites Which term denotes the practice of classifying physicians and otherpotential prescribers by anticipated prescription volume? - CORRECT ANSWER- deciling What makes a drug eligible for fast track approval from the FDA? - CORRECT ANSWER- it treats patients with a serious life-threatening condition

According to your manual, what does the PDRP do? - CORRECTANSWER- it limits sales reps abilities to see individual physicians prescribing data What are the components of the central nervous system? - CORRECT ANSWER- the brain and spinal cord Which term denotes the origin or cause of a medical condition? - CORRECT ANSWER- etiology Patients diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes - CORRECT ANSWER-have an autoimmune disease How does the Hatch-Waxman Act protect research-based drugmanufacturers? - CORRECT ANSWER- by providing a 30 month cooling off period What is the process of adjusting drug doses to achieve the maximum positive therapeutic effects while minimizing adverse or sideeffects? - CORRECT ANSWER- titration Which of the following is studied more in pharmacodynamics than in pharmacokinetics? - CORRECT ANSWER- the transportation of the drug to the specific site for drug receptor interactions How does the healthy human immune system use MHC markers? - CORRECT ANSWER- substances without MHC markers are discerned as foreign and targeted for destruction What is a behind-the-counter drug? - CORRECT ANSWER- anOTC drug that must be closely monitored by the pharmacist When do MSLs meet with clinicians? - CORRECT ANSWER- atnearly any stage of the products life cycle Which of the following is NOT one of the body's major organsystems? - CORRECT ANSWER- the cellular system

How do most drugs exert their primary physiological effects? - CORRECT ANSWER- by binding to cell receptors that are sensitive totheir presence What is the most reliable source of information for determining therapeutically equivalent drug products? - CORRECT ANSWER-Orange Book What does subcutaneous mean? - CORRECT ANSWER- beneaththe outer skin What should a sales representative do if all of the prime spaces in adrug cabinet are coccupied? - CORRECT ANSWER- ask staff for permission to move some of the other products in the cabinet It is inappropriate for physicians' prescribing behaviors to be educated by their personal tastes and idiosyncrasies - CORRECTANSWER- TRUE The FDA defines API as the active ingredi ent in a drug, whichproduces the desired change in the body. - CORRECT ANSWER- pharmaceutical What are the 2 legal classifications of wholesalers? - CORRECTANSWER- primary and secondary wholesale distributors What term describes the usage of a medication for purposes otherthan the FDA- approved indications on the labeling? - CORRECT ANSWER- off-label usage What is the acronym for pharmacokinetics? - CORRECT ANSWER-PK The dosage range of a drug that is both safe and beneficial is knownas the therapeutic window. - CORRECT ANSWER- True What is typically NOT a characteristic of a pharmaceutical sales rep? CORRECT ANSWER- Pharmaceutical sales reps are not concernedabout competitors.

What entity grants drug patents? - CORRECT ANSWER- The USPatent and Trademark Office Which of the following refers to all active and inert pharmaceuticalingredients in a drug,including fillers and colors? - CORRECT ANSWER- formulation What is the difference between potency and efficacy? - CORRECT ANSWER- potency refers to the drug's strength, while efficacy refers toits effectiveness What is the minimum level of education required for a nursepractitioner? - CORRECT ANSWER- a graduate degree How many names must a drug have? - CORRECT ANSWER- atleast three How has a longer development time increased the cost of bringing anew drug to market? - CORRECT ANSWER- Increasing the cost of capital Senior citizens consume over times as many pharmaceuticals aspeople under 65. - CORRECT ANSWER- three What agency regulates the distribution and use of narcotics? - CORRECT ANSWER- DEA What is passive diffusion? - CORRECT ANSWER- when a substance freely moves through a membrane from a high concentrationgradient to a low one What are the MAIN categories of drugs under FDA jurisdiction? - CORRECT ANSWER- prescription and non prescription What are all metabolites? - CORRECT ANSWER- products ofmetabolism When a drug is administered orally, where does first-passmetabolism occur? - CORRECT ANSWER- liver What is the medical term for swelling? - CORRECT ANSWER-edema

Which of the following is NOT part of the Seven Step Cascade ofEmotion? - CORRECT ANSWER- be a consultant, not a rep Which part of a clinical research paper is frequently referred to asthe road map? - CORRECT ANSWER- abstract Which of the following is a main active ingredient in lungsurfactants? - CORRECT ANSWER- theophylline What does parenteral mean? - CORRECT ANSWER- injection Which term denotes a type of substance that enhances the action of adrug or antigen? - CORRECT ANSWER- adjunvant If a sales representative's product is placed on the second tier of a standard three- tier formulary, which of the following is most likely true? CORRECT ANSWER- It probably has exclusive preferred status if itis not at parity with any other drugs Which of the following is NOT one of the four basic transportmechanisms? - CORRECT ANSWER- homeostasis Which statement accurately describes a relationship between drugagonists and antagonists? - CORRECT ANSWER- Agonists and antagonists can be used together. What is the study of the effects and movement of drugs in the humanbody? - CORRECT ANSWER- clinical pharmacology According to your manual, what is a common complaint that physicians have about traditional sampling methods? - CORRECTANSWER- that drug sample supply is too unpredictable Which of these entities is formed by two or more hospitals or otherhealthcare entities to negotiate reduced rates with its aggregated purchasing power? - CORRECT ANSWER- GPO

What is another name for a drug derived from a biologic compound? CORRECT ANSWER- large molecule What is the most common policy regarding pharmaceutical reps dispensing drug samples in hospitals? - CORRECT ANSWER- drugsampling is often forbidden Which of the following would help you build trust with a physician? - CORRECT ANSWER- asking if he or she is having any problems with the managed care coverage of your products What term denotes the difference between the usual effective doseand the dose that induces severe or life-threatening side effects? - CORRECT ANSWER- margin of safety What are excipients? - CORRECT ANSWER- the inert ingredients in a drug formulation What is another term for the AWP? - CORRECT ANSWER- listprice Which of these is the most likely use for a uterotonic agent? - CORRECT ANSWER- to induce labor As of November 2013, which of these countries has legalized DTCadvertising of prescription drugs? - CORRECT ANSWER- none of these Why are oral drugs often taken on an empty stomach? - CORRECTANSWER- to pass through the stomach more quickly What is one factor that differentiates community health centers fromhospitals? - CORRECT ANSWER- community health center formularies are more restrictive How does drug sampling provide a social benefit? - CORRECTANSWER- doctors often use drug samples to treat patients who otherwise could not afford it

Which medical term denotes the use of a stethoscope to listen to theheart? - CORRECT ANSWER- ausculation What do enteric coatings do? - CORRECT ANSWER- preventsdissolution in the stomach What is the duration of exclusivity for orphan drugs? - CORRECTANSWER- 7 years What do National Account Managers do? - CORRECT ANSWER-negotiate contracts with MCO and PBM What does it usually mean if a drug recall is voluntary? - CORRECTANSWER- The manufacturer has recalled the product on its own. but negotiated with the FDA beforehand. Which phase of clinical trials is also known as the pivotal phase? - CORRECT ANSWER- Phase III During which phase of clinical trials is the new drug's safety and effectiveness first tested in the target group? - CORRECT ANSWER-Phase II How do antacids work? - CORRECT ANSWER- by raising gastricPH What is one of the biggest time wasters for a pharmaceutical salesrep? - CORRECT ANSWER- Travel Time What happens when equilibrium is reached? - CORRECT ANSWER- equal numbers of molecules cross the membrane in bothdirections What are the most common vectors used in gene therapy? - CORRECT ANSWER- viruses What is the percentage fee that the dispenser pays the wholesaler fordistribution? - CORRECT ANSWER- upcharge

What is the difference between a chronic (or continuing) reaction,and a delayed reaction? - CORRECT ANSWER- chronic reactions persist for a long time, delayed reactions take some time to develop What is clinical effect? - CORRECT ANSWER- the responseproduced by a medication Which of the following is an example of noncompliance? - CORRECT ANSWER- a patient forgetting to take a drug at a specifiedtime of day What is the average circulation time of blood? - CORRECTANSWER- about a minute What is one way in which pharmaceutical selling is different from selling in most other industries? - CORRECT ANSWER- representativedo NOT sell to the end user of the product From what types of entities do primary wholesale distributors buymost of their drugs? - CORRECT ANSWER- manufacturers What is the Office of the Inspector General (01G)? - CORRECTANSWER- an arm of the Dept of Health and Human Services What are doctors required to consider when deciding whether or notto prescribe a particular drug? - CORRECT ANSWER- the severity of the disorder being treated and the effect it has on the patients quality of life Which entity assigns a new drug its generic names? - CORRECTANSWER- the United States Adopted Name Council Drugs can be used days beyond their expiration date. - CORRECTANSWER- drugs never can be used beyond expiration date What is necessary for a drug to be excreted extensively via the kidneys? - CORRECT ANSWER- The drug must be water-soluble, andnot bind too tightly to protein in the bloodstream

Which organization or individual initiates the clinical trial andfinances the study?

• CORRECT ANSWER- sponsor The name describes the atomic or molecular structure of a drug. - CORRECT ANSWER- chemical Under PhRMA Code, is it acceptable or unacceptable for a pharmaceutical sales rep to take a physician and the physician's spouseto a fundraising dinner? - CORRECT ANSWER- never (unacceptable) The Hatch-Waxman Act is considered the most significant drug- related affecting the pharmaceutical industry since 1962. - CORRECTANSWER- legislation What term denotes the the extent, quality, or degree to which a substance is poisonous or harmful to the body? - CORRECT ANSWER-toxicity What issue has MOST encouraged consumers' desire to see more OTC medications? - CORRECT ANSWER- lack of insurance coverage What is the degree to which a medication produces a therapeuticeffect? - CORRECT ANSWER- efficacy What is the most important benefit of electronic prescribing? - CORRECT ANSWER- safety When does the FDA regulate generic drugs? - CORRECTANSWER- always Which phase of trials largely determines the clinical dose? - CORRECT ANSWER- Phase II trials What is an advantage of inactivated vaccines over attenuated vaccines? - CORRECT ANSWER- inactive vaccines have a more stableshelf life Which medical term denotes a low supply of oxygen due to lowblood flow? - CORRECT ANSWER- ischemia

What are the two main types of prescription drug marketing? - CORRECT ANSWER- professional physician promotions and direct-to-consumer advertising What is the site of delivery for subcutaneous injections? - CORRECT ANSWER- fatty tissue beneath the surface of the skin What must be contained in the Description section of a pharmaceutical package insert? - CORRECT ANSWER- the proprietaryname and the established name What is the study of a medication's effects as it travels through the body? - CORRECT ANSWER- pharmacokinetics Customers purchase products from people they like, trust, and respect. This is called the - CORRECT ANSWER- likeability factor What is penicillin's primary mechanism of action? - CORRECTANSWER- it disturbs bacterial cell wall synthesis According to your manual, how has the U.S. healthcare marketplace changed in the last few decades? - CORRECT ANSWER-managed care has been increasingly replaced by more patient centered approaches How does pharmaceutical marketing help narrow the treatment gap? - CORRECT ANSWER- it encourages patients to take more activeroles in their healthcare What do immunosuppressive agents do? - CORRECT ANSWER-reduce risk of rejection of foreign bodies What types of drugs are EGFR inhibitors? - CORRECT ANSWER- antineoplastics Which of the following means outside of the living body? - CORRECT ANSWER- ex vivo

The FDA requirements for nutraceuticals and medicinal herbs are just as stringent as for pharmaceuticals. - CORRECT ANSWER- False What is the estimated net gain of private-sector healthcare'scontributions to increased U.S. life expectancy? - CORRECT ANSWER- 2 - 5 trillion