NASM CPT Exam Prep: Comprehensive Guide to Passing the Certification Exam, Exams of Nursing

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NASM CPT EXAM PREP Questions And Answers Graded A+ SUCCESS Latest Versions 2024 Integrated Training Approach - CORRECT ANSWERS Includes: flexibility/mobility, core strength/stability, cardio, balance, resistance, plyometrics and speed/quickness/agility OPT Model - CORRECT ANSWERS Phase 1: Stabilization Endurance Phase 2: Strength Endurance Phase 3: Muscular Development Phase 4: Maximal Strength Phase 5: Power Homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWERS The process by which the human body strive to maintain a relatively stable equilibrium % of Healthcare Costs Towards Chronic Disease - CORRECT ANSWERS 90% in the United States Cholesterol - CORRECT ANSWERS A waxy, fatlike substance found in bodily cells Metric Formula for BMI - CORRECT ANSWERS weight (kg) / height (m²) Imperial Formula for BMI - CORRECT ANSWERS 703 × weight (lb) ÷ [height (in.)]2 Stroke - CORRECT ANSWERS A sudden lack of blood supply to the brain, caused by either a blockage in an artery or a ruptured blood vessel Heart Attack - CORRECT ANSWERS The action that occurs when all an artery supplying the heart with blood and oxygen becomes blocked Heart Failure - CORRECT ANSWERS A condition in which the heart can't pump enough blood to meet the body's needs Arrhythmia - CORRECT ANSWERS A problem with the rate or rhythm of a person's heartbeat; too slowly, quickly or irregular Ischemic Heart Disease - CORRECT ANSWERS A category of heart-related problems cause by the narrowing of coronary arteries Atherosclerosis - CORRECT ANSWERS The processes by which plaque is formed in the arteries leading to reduced blood flow Physical Activity - CORRECT ANSWERS Bodily movement that results in energy expenditure and encompasses many modes and intensities. Movement that is not structured exercise such as recreational pursuits (e.g., golfing, gardening, and walking a dog) Systolic Blood Pressure - CORRECT ANSWERS Pressure in arteries and other blood vessels when the heart is beating Diastolic Blood Pressure - CORRECT ANSWERS Pressure in arteries and other blood vessels when the heart is between beats Elevated Blood Pressure - CORRECT ANSWERS 120-129/<80 Stage 1 Hypertension - CORRECT ANSWERS 130-139/80-89 Stage 2 Hypertension - CORRECT ANSWERS >140 or >90 Crisis Hypertension - CORRECT ANSWERS 180/120 Two Types of Cholestrol - CORRECT ANSWERS Low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein Axon - CORRECT ANSWERS A cylindrical projection from the cell body that transmits nervous impulses to the other neurons or organs/muscles Dendrites - CORRECT ANSWERS Gather information from other structures to transmit back to the neuron Four Primary Electrolytes - CORRECT ANSWERS Sodium, potassium, water and magnesium Central Nervous System - CORRECT ANSWERS Consists of the brain and spinal cord; coordinates activity of all body parts Peripheral Nervous System - CORRECT ANSWERS Consists of nerves that connect central nervous system to the body and external environment; 12 cranial nerves and 31 spinal nerves Interneurons - CORRECT ANSWERS Only located within brain and spinal cord; transmit between afferent and efferent neurons Afferent Pathway - CORRECT ANSWERS Sensory pathway that relays information to the central nervous system Efferent Pathway - CORRECT ANSWERS A motor pathway that relays info from CNS to rest of body Four Subdivisions of Sensory Receptors - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. Mechanoreceptors 2. Nociceptors 3. Chemoreceptors 4. Photoreceptors Somatic Nervous System - CORRECT ANSWERS Consists of nerves that serve the outer areas of the body and skeletal muscles and is largely responsible for voluntary control of movement Autonomic Nervous System - CORRECT ANSWERS Supplies neutral input to organs that run the involuntary processes of the body Two Subsystems of Autonomic Nervous System - CORRECT ANSWERS 1 Sympathetic nervous system 2. Parasympathetic nervous system Sympathetic Nervous System - CORRECT ANSWERS The division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body, mobilizing its energy in stressful situations Parasympathetic Nervous System - CORRECT ANSWERS The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body, conserving its energy Proprioception - CORRECT ANSWERS Body's ability to naturally sense its general orientation and position of all parts Mechanoreceptors - CORRECT ANSWERS Specialized structures that respond to mechanical pressure within tissues and then transmit signals through sensory nerves Muscle Spindles - CORRECT ANSWERS Sensory receptors within muscles that run parallel to the muscle fibers and are sensitive to change in muscle length and rate of length change Stretch Reflex - CORRECT ANSWERS A normal response by the body to a stretch stimulus in the muscle Golgi Tendon Organs - CORRECT ANSWERS Specialized sensory receptors located at the point where skeletal muscle fibers insert into the tendons of the skeletal muscles Joint Receptors - CORRECT ANSWERS Located in and around the joint capsule and respond to pressure, acceleration and deceleration Skeletal System - CORRECT ANSWERS Provides shape and form for our bodies, provides structure from which movement is created, supports/protects internal organs and produces blood for the body and stores minerals Joints - CORRECT ANSWERS Junctions formed by bone that are the sites where movement occurs as a result of muscle contraction Osteoporosis - CORRECT ANSWERS A condition of reduced bone mineral density which increases fracture risk Remodeling - CORRECT ANSWERS Resorption and formation of the bone structure by special cells Oteoclasts - CORRECT ANSWERS Special cells that break down and remove bone tissue Osteoblasts - CORRECT ANSWERS Special cells that form and lay down new bone tissue Wolff's Law - CORRECT ANSWERS How remodeling occurs along lines of stressed placed on bone Five Major Bone Types - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. Long 2. Short 3. Flat 4. Irregular 5. Sesamoid Long Bones - CORRECT ANSWERS Long cylindrical shaft and irregular widened ends Ex. Humerus, femur Short Bones - CORRECT ANSWERS Similar in length and width and appear somewhat cubicle in shape Ex. Carpals of hand, tarsals of feet Flat Bones - CORRECT ANSWERS Thin bones with two layers of compact and spongy bone tissue Irregular Bones - CORRECT ANSWERS Unique shape and function Ex. Vertebrae Ball-and-Socket Joint - CORRECT ANSWERS Most-mobile joints that allow motion in all three planes. Examples would include the shoulder and hip. Nonsynovial Joints - CORRECT ANSWERS Joints that do not have a joint cavity, connective tissue, or cartilage Tendons - CORRECT ANSWERS Connect muscle to bone Ligaments - CORRECT ANSWERS Fibrous tissue that connects bones together and provides stability, input to the nervous system, guidance, and the limitation of improper joint movement. Collagen - CORRECT ANSWERS Structural protein found in the skin and connective tissue Elastin - CORRECT ANSWERS Gives a ligament some flexibility to withstand bending and twisting Skeletal Muscle - CORRECT ANSWERS Made up of individual muscle fibers held together by connective tissues Fascia - CORRECT ANSWERS Surrounds skeletal muscles and connects them to other muscles Epimysium - CORRECT ANSWERS Layer of fascia that directly surrounds a muscle; deep fascia Fascicles - CORRECT ANSWERS Largest bundles of fibers within a muscle Perimysium - CORRECT ANSWERS Connective tissue surrounding a fascicle Endomysium - CORRECT ANSWERS Connective tissue surrounding a muscle fiber Glycogen - CORRECT ANSWERS Glucose that is deposited and stored in bodily tissues; storage form of carbs Myoglobin - CORRECT ANSWERS Protein-based molecule that carries oxygen molecules into the muscles Myofibrils - CORRECT ANSWERS The contractile components of a muscle cell; the myofilaments (actin and myosin) are contained within a myofibril Neural Activation - CORRECT ANSWERS Represents the communication link between the nervous system and the muscular system Neuromuscular Junction - CORRECT ANSWERS The specialized site where the nervous system communicates directly with muscle fibers Synapse - CORRECT ANSWERS A junction where information is transmitted from one neuron to the next Motor Unit - CORRECT ANSWERS A motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers that it innervates Action Potential - CORRECT ANSWERS The nerve impulse caused by a change in the electrical charge across the cell membrane of the axon. When the neuron "fires," this charge travels down the axon and causes neurotransmitters to be released by the terminal buttons Acetylcholine - CORRECT ANSWERS A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction Sliding Filament Theory - CORRECT ANSWERS The series of steps in muscle contraction involving how myosin (thick) and actin (thin) filaments slide past one another to produce a muscle contraction, shortening the entire length of the sarcomere. Thoracic Cavity - CORRECT ANSWERS Chamber within chest that contains the heart and lungs Atrium - CORRECT ANSWERS Each of the two upper chambers of the heart that receives blood that comes into the heart; reserve for blood Ventricle - CORRECT ANSWERS One of two large chambers toward the bottom of the heart that collect and expel blood towards the lungs Intercalated Discs - CORRECT ANSWERS Bands that help hold cardiac muscle cells together during contraction and help create an electrical connection between cells Sinoatrial Node - CORRECT ANSWERS Initiates heartbeat; pacemaker Stroke Volume - CORRECT ANSWERS The amount of blood ejected from the heart in one contraction End-Diastolic Volume - CORRECT ANSWERS Volume of blood in each ventricle before contraction End-Systolic Volume - CORRECT ANSWERS Residual blood volume following contraction Heart Rate - CORRECT ANSWERS The number of times the heart beats per minute Bradycardia - CORRECT ANSWERS Slow heart rate (less than 60 bpm) Tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWERS Rapid heart rate over 100 beats per minute Cardiac Output - CORRECT ANSWERS Volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute Growth Factors - CORRECT ANSWERS Substances within the blood that attach to cells, aid in growth and development, and help with healing after injury Blood Vessel - CORRECT ANSWERS A tubular structure carrying blood through the tissues and organs; a vein, artery, or capillary. Arteries - CORRECT ANSWERS Type of vessel that carries blood away from the heart Pancreas - CORRECT ANSWERS An organ with numerous functions, including the production of insulin, glucagon, and digestive juices Thyroid Gland - CORRECT ANSWERS An endocrine gland, located in the anterior neck, responsible for the secretion of many hormones, including thyroxin and calcitonin Pituitary Gland - CORRECT ANSWERS Controls the secretion of growth hormones Adrenal Gland - CORRECT ANSWERS Gland located above kidneys; secretes catecholamines and chortisol Reproductive Glands - CORRECT ANSWERS Glands, such as the ovaries or testes, that serve sex-specific functions Glucose - CORRECT ANSWERS A simple sugar that is an important source of energy during exercise Insulin - CORRECT ANSWERS A protein hormone synthesized in the pancreas that regulates blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into tissues Glucagon - CORRECT ANSWERS A protein hormone secreted by pancreatic endocrine cells that raises blood glucose levels; an antagonistic hormone to insulin Substrates - CORRECT ANSWERS Intermediate forms of nutrients used in metabolic reactions to create adenosine triphosphate Catecholamines - CORRECT ANSWERS Hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla that affect the sympathetic nervous system in stress response Catabolic - CORRECT ANSWERS Metabolic process that breaks down molecules into smaller units used for energy Glucogenesis - CORRECT ANSWERS Formation of glucose from noncarb sources Anabolic - CORRECT ANSWERS A process in which large molecules are built from small molecules IGF - CORRECT ANSWERS Insulin-like growth factor; anabolic hormone produced by the liver for growth and development Basal Metabolic Rate - CORRECT ANSWERS The amount of energy required to maintain the body at rest Calcitonin - CORRECT ANSWERS Thyroid hormone that helps the body use calcium properly to aid with maintaining bone mineral density Gall Bladder - CORRECT ANSWERS An organ that stores bile and releases it as needed into the small intestine Liver - CORRECT ANSWERS Organ that makes bile to break down fats; also filters poisons and drugs out of the blood Motility - CORRECT ANSWERS Movement of anatomical structures that allow contents to pass through Mastication - CORRECT ANSWERS Mechanical process where the oral muscles break down food Perstalsis - CORRECT ANSWERS The muscle action of the GI system that pushes food through the body Digestion - CORRECT ANSWERS Process that describes the passage of food through the body Absorption - CORRECT ANSWERS Nutrients move from the digestive system into the bloodstream Chyme - CORRECT ANSWERS A semifluid mass that is food passing to the small intestine Duodenum - CORRECT ANSWERS First part of the small intestine Regional Interdependence Model - CORRECT ANSWERS The concept describing the integrated functioning of multiple body systems or regions of the body Biomechanics - CORRECT ANSWERS The science concerned with the internal and external forces acting on the human body and the effects produced by these forces Kinesiology - CORRECT ANSWERS Study of movement as it relates to anatomy and physiology Anatomic Position - CORRECT ANSWERS Position of reference for anatomical nomenclature Anatomic Locations - CORRECT ANSWERS Medial, lateral, contralateral, ipsilateral, anterior, posterior, proximal, distal, inferior, and superior Three Planes of Human Movement - CORRECT ANSWERS Sagittal, frontal and transverse Osteokinematics - CORRECT ANSWERS Visible movement of a limb Arthokinematics - CORRECT ANSWERS Joint surface movement; roll, slide and spin Sagittal Plane - CORRECT ANSWERS Bisects body into left and right sides; extension and flexion Flexion - CORRECT ANSWERS A bending movement in which the relative angle between two adjacent segments decreases Extension - CORRECT ANSWERS A straightening movement in which the relative angle between two adjacent segments increases Dorsiflexion - CORRECT ANSWERS Flexion at the ankle; lifting toes Synergist - CORRECT ANSWERS Muscles that create force to assist the prime movers Stabilizer - CORRECT ANSWERS Muscles that contract isometrically to stabilize the trunk and joints as the body moves Antagonist - CORRECT ANSWERS Direct opposition of agonist muscles Closed-Chain Movement - CORRECT ANSWERS Hands and feet remain in contact with a stationary surface; force transferred to stable surface while dealing with resistance Open-Chain Movement - CORRECT ANSWERS Hands and feet are free to move in space; focus on one primary mover Force - CORRECT ANSWERS Interaction between two entities that results in the acceleration and deceleration of an object Length-Tension Relationships - CORRECT ANSWERS The resting length of a muscle and the tension the muscle can produce at this resting length Resting Length - CORRECT ANSWERS The length of a muscle when it is not actively contracting or being stretched Actin - CORRECT ANSWERS The thin, string like, myofilament that acts along with myosin to produce muscular contraction Myosin - CORRECT ANSWERS A protein present in muscle fibers that aids in contraction and makes up the majority of muscle fiber Sarcomer - CORRECT ANSWERS The structural unit of a myofibril composed of actin and myosin Muscle Balance - CORRECT ANSWERS When all muscles surrounding a joint have optimal length-tension relationships, allowing the joint to rest in a neutral position Altered Length-Tension Relationship - CORRECT ANSWERS When a muscle's resting length is too short or too long, reducing the amount of force it can produce Reciprocal Inhibition - CORRECT ANSWERS When an agonist receives a signal to contract, its functional antagonist also receives an inhibitory signal allowing it to lengthen Altered Reciprocal Inhibition - CORRECT ANSWERS The concept of muscle inhibition, caused by a tight agonist, which inhibits its functional antagonist Strength-Shortening Cycle - CORRECT ANSWERS Loading of a muscle eccentrically to prepare it for a rapid concentric contraction Series Elastic Component - CORRECT ANSWERS Spring like noncontractile component of muscle and tendon that stores elastic energy Amortization Phase - CORRECT ANSWERS The transition from eccentric loading to concentric unloading during the stretch-shortening cycle Force Velocity Curve - CORRECT ANSWERS The inverse relationship between force and velocity and refers to a muscle's ability to produce tension at differing contraction velocities. As the velocity of a concentric muscle action increases, its ability to produce force decreases, while the ability to produce force increases as the velocity of a concentric contraction decreases Force-Couple Relationship - CORRECT ANSWERS The synergistic action of multiple muscles working together to produce movement around a joint Join Support Systems - CORRECT ANSWERS Muscular stabilization systems located in the joints distal of the spine Global Muscular System - CORRECT ANSWERS System composed of four subsystems that synergistically work together to transfer and stabilize forces through the body to the ground; larger muscles Deep Longitudinal Subsystem (DLS) - CORRECT ANSWERS Subsystem of the global movement system that includes the peroneus longus, anterior tibialis, long head of the biceps femoris, sacrotuberous ligament, thoracolumbar fascia, and erector spinae. These muscles work together to create a contracting tension to absorb and control ground reaction forces during gait Posterior Oblique System - CORRECT ANSWERS Consists of the latissimus dorsi, gluteus maximus and the intervening thoraco-lumbar fascia; work with DSL during gait Gait - CORRECT ANSWERS A person's manner of walking Anterior Oblique System - CORRECT ANSWERS POS on anterior side; creates stability Lateral Subsystem - CORRECT ANSWERS The gluteus medius, tensor fascia latae, adductor complex, and quadratus lumborum; maintain frontal plane stability !st Class Bone Lever - CORRECT ANSWERS Fulcrum in middle; like a seesaw 2nd Class Bone Lever - CORRECT ANSWERS Fulcrum on either side; similar to a wheelbarrow 3rd Class Bone Lever - CORRECT ANSWERS Effort between resistance and fulcrum Rotary Motion - CORRECT ANSWERS Movement of the bones around the joints Torque - CORRECT ANSWERS A force that causes rotation Motor Behavior - CORRECT ANSWERS Motor response to internal and external environmental stimuli Motor Control - CORRECT ANSWERS How the central nervous system integrates internal and external sensory information with previous experiences to produce a motor response Protein Use for Energy - CORRECT ANSWERS 10-35% of total calories, 1.6/g body weight Carbohydrate - CORRECT ANSWERS Compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; major source of energy for the human body Calories in Carbs - CORRECT ANSWERS 4 calories per gram Polysaccharides - CORRECT ANSWERS Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two monosaccharides Starch - CORRECT ANSWERS Storage form of carbohydrates in plants Fiber - CORRECT ANSWERS A form of complex carbohydrates from plants that humans cannot digest Complex Carb - CORRECT ANSWERS Long, simple sugar chains; take longer for body to digest Fiber - CORRECT ANSWERS A tough complex carbohydrate that the body cannot digest Glycemic Index - CORRECT ANSWERS A measure of how a particular food affects blood glucose levels Low Glycemic Index - CORRECT ANSWERS >55 Medium Glycemic Index - CORRECT ANSWERS 56-69 High Glycemic Index - CORRECT ANSWERS 70+ Lipids - CORRECT ANSWERS Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen Saturated Fat - CORRECT ANSWERS A lipid made from fatty acids that have no double bonds between carbon atoms Sterols - CORRECT ANSWERS Compounds containing a four-ring carbon structure with any of a variety of side chains attached Triglycerides - CORRECT ANSWERS An energy-rich compound made up of a single molecule of glycerol and three molecules of fatty acid Phospholipids - CORRECT ANSWERS Two fatty acid chains Lingual Lipase - CORRECT ANSWERS Enzyme in saliva that beings fat digestion Chylomicrons - CORRECT ANSWERS The class of lipoproteins that transport lipids from the intestinal cells to the rest of the body Two Mineral Groups - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. Major 2. Trace Major Minerals - CORRECT ANSWERS Calcium, chloride, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, sulfur; present and required in large amounts Evidence-Based Practice - CORRECT ANSWERS The conscious and judicious use of the current "best" evidence in making decisions about clients Musculoskeletal System - CORRECT ANSWERS The combined, interworking system of all muscles and bones in the body Deconditioned - CORRECT ANSWERS A state of lost physical fitness, which may include muscle imbalances, decreased flexibility and a lack of core and join stability Overweight - CORRECT ANSWERS A BMI of 25.0 to 29.9, which indicates the presence of more body fat than is considered healthy Trace Minerals - CORRECT ANSWERS Iron, zinc, iodine, selenium, copper, manganese, fluoride, chromium, molybdenum; required in small quantities Hypotonic - CORRECT ANSWERS Lower salt vs. body Isotonic - CORRECT ANSWERS Salt in similar to body Hypertonic - CORRECT ANSWERS Salt higher than the body Hypertrophy - CORRECT ANSWERS Enlargement of an organ or tissue; enlargement of skeletal muscle Dietary Supplement - CORRECT ANSWERS A product that contains an ingredient intended to supplement the diet, including vitamins, minerals, herbs, or other botanicals Essential Nutrient - CORRECT ANSWERS Must be obtained in the diet; body cannot product on its own Toxicity - CORRECT ANSWERS Too much of a vitamin or mineral accumulates in the body Tolerable Upper Limit - CORRECT ANSWERS The greatest quantity of a vitamin or mineral that may be consumed in a day without risk of an adverse health effect Stimulant - CORRECT ANSWERS A drug that increases the action of the central nervous system, the heart, and other organs Creatine - CORRECT ANSWERS Molecule made from amino acids and used as a dietary supplement to facilitate adenosine triphosphate regeneration for improved training capacity, strength, power, and muscle mass Anabolic Steroid - CORRECT ANSWERS A synthetic variant of the male hormone testosterone that mimics some of its effects; increase muscle size and strength Static Posture - CORRECT ANSWERS The positioning of the musculoskeletal system while the body is motionless Dynamic Posture - CORRECT ANSWERS The posture your body exhibits while in motion or preparing to move Optimal Movement - CORRECT ANSWERS Moving in a biomechanically efficient manner that maximizes muscle recruitment and minimizes risk of injury Pes Planus - CORRECT ANSWERS Collapsed arch of the foot; also known as flat feet Static Postural Assessment - CORRECT ANSWERS An assessment that provides insight to deviations from optimal alignment of the body in a standing posture Knee Valgus - CORRECT ANSWERS Knees collapse inward (knock knees) due to hip adduction and internal rotation Knee Varus - CORRECT ANSWERS Knees bow outward (bowlegged) Three Distortion Patterns - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. Pes Planus 2. Lower Crossed 3. Upper Crossed Lower Crossed Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWERS Postural syndrome characterized by anterior pelvic tilt and excessive lordosis of the lumbar spine Lordosis - CORRECT ANSWERS Abnormal anterior curvature of the lumbar spine (sway-back condition) Upper Crossed Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWERS A postural distortion syndrome characterized by a forward head and rounded shoulders Kyphosis - CORRECT ANSWERS Excessive outward curvature of the spine, causing hunching of the back Overhead Squat Assessment - CORRECT ANSWERS A transitional movement assessment designed to assess dynamic flexibility, core strength, balance, and overall neuromuscular control Single Leg Squat Assessment - CORRECT ANSWERS A movement assessment that assesses dynamic posture, lower-extremity strength, balance, and overall coordination in a single- limb stance Pushing Assessment - CORRECT ANSWERS An assessment that challenges the upper extremities and trunk during a pushing movement to identify movement impairments and potential muscle imbalances Pulling Assessment - CORRECT ANSWERS An assessment that challenges the upper extremities and trunk during a pulling movement to identify movement impairments and potential muscle imbalances Flexibility - CORRECT ANSWERS Normal ability to stretch soft tissues that allow complete ROM of a joint Relative Flexibility - CORRECT ANSWERS The tendency of the body to seek the path of least resistance during functional movement patterns Postural Distortion Patterns - CORRECT ANSWERS Predictable patterns of muscle imbalances Force-Couple Relationships - CORRECT ANSWERS The synergistic action of multiple muscles working together to produce movement around a joint Frequency of Cardio Training - CORRECT ANSWERS Moderate 5 times, vigorous 3 Tanaka Formula - CORRECT ANSWERS A mathematical formula used to estimate an individual's maximal heart rate: 208 - (0.7 × age). Core Stability - CORRECT ANSWERS The ability of an individual to maintain a given position, adequately stabilizing the spine while the extremities are moving Core Endurance - CORRECT ANSWERS The ability to control the motion of the spine over a given longer duration Core Strength - CORRECT ANSWERS The ability to control the motion of the spine Lumbo-Pelvic-Hip Complex - CORRECT ANSWERS Involves the anatomic structures of the lumbar and thoracic spines, the pelvic girdle, and the hip joint Local Muscles - CORRECT ANSWERS Attach on or near the vertebrae and serve primary purpose of stabilizing the trunk of the body Type 1 Muscle Fiber - CORRECT ANSWERS "Slow-twitch", smaller in size, lessforce produced, long-term contractions (stabilization) Type 2 Muscle Fiber - CORRECT ANSWERS Fast twitch, larger, quick to fatigue, force and power exercises Global Muscles - CORRECT ANSWERS Comprised of larger muscles that initiate movements and function across one or more joints Lordotic - CORRECT ANSWERS Relating to the normal concave curvature of the cervical and lumbar spines Center of Gravity - CORRECT ANSWERS Approximate midpoint of the body located at the midpoint of the trunk Base of Support - CORRECT ANSWERS The area beneath a person that consists of every point of contact made between the body and support surface Limits of Stability - CORRECT ANSWERS The area within which an individual can move one's center of gravity without changing the base of support (i.e., moving the feet) without falling