National Boards Dental Hygiene Exam with 100% Correct Answers 2023, Exams of Personal Health

Download National Boards Dental Hygiene Exam with 100% Correct Answers 2023 and more Exams Personal Health in PDF only on Docsity!

National Boards Dental Hygiene Exam with

100% Correct Answers 2023

What is the correct sequence in which an individual learns a new behavior using the learning ladder? -Unawareness, awareness, self-interest, involvement, action, habit -habit, Unawareness, self-interest, awareness, involvement, action -awareness, self-interest, involvement, Unawareness, habit, action -Unawareness, action, self-interest, awareness, involvement, habit - Correct answer Unawareness, awareness, self-interest, involvement, action, habit Fat soluble vitamins are: A. Found in all foods: B. More stable than water soluble vitamins C. Must be supplied daily D. Cannot be stored by the body - Correct answer B. More stable than water soluble vitamins Water is mainly absorbed in the: Large intestine Small intestine Pancreas Stomach - Correct answer Large intestine Which of the following nutrient deficiencies is frequently found in the diet of children in developed countries and has been associated with increased caries susceptibility? Calcium Zinc Protein Iron - Correct answer Iron Which of the following hormones lowers blood glucose? Thyroxine Growth Hormone Glucagon Epinephrine Insulin - Correct answer Insulin In a healthy individual, if the amount of glucose in the blood exceeds the body's immediate energy needs, then:

-Glucose will be converted to fat and stored in adipose tissue -Glucose continues to circulate in the blood until needed by the body for energy -Glucose will be stored as glycogen in the cell and as fatty acids -Excess glucose will be excreted in the urine - Correct answer Glucose will be converted to fat and stored in adipose tissue Dairy products are good sources of all of the following nutrients, vitamins, and minerals EXCEPT one. Which of the following is the one EXCEPTION? Vitamin D Calcium Zinc Protein - Correct answer Zinc The best counseling technique for increasing patients' involvement and responsibility in making decisions about their oral health: Involves listening Involves motivation Is directive Involves demonstration - Correct answer Involves motivation Which of the following is an example of an essential fatty acid? Lecithin Tropical Oils Oleic Acid Linoleic Acid - Correct answer Linoleic Acid The functions of saliva include all of the following EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? -Provides antimicrobial properties -Provides a growth medium for bacteria -Aids in remineralization of the tooth -Provides a buffering capacity -Speeds up the oral clearance of bacterial substrates - Correct answer -Provides a growth medium for bacteria Sucrose is made up of which of the following two monosaccharides? Fructose & Galactose Glucose & Galactose Fructose & Glucose Glucose & Glucose - Correct answer Fructose & Glucose

Glucose & Glucose= Maltose Glucose & Galactose= Lactose Fructose & Galactose= do not make up a disaccaride A normal fasting glucose levels is? 80-120 mg/DL

200 mg/DL 40-60 mg/DL 150-200 mg/DL - Correct answer 80-120 mg/DL Several nutrients have an effect on the cells of the oral tissues. Which of the following nutrients assist in speeding up wound healing? Phosphorus Calcium Zinc Folate - Correct answer Zinc A deficiency in which of the following nutrients has been associated with neural tube defects? Folate Fat Protein Calcium Thiamin - Correct answer Folate Vitamin B1 is also called Riboflavin Retinol Thiamine Cobalamin - Correct answer Thiamine Riboflavin B Niacin B Cobalamin B Each of the following is an important function of saliva EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? -Provides buffering action -Initiates protein digestion -Prevents demineralization

-Enhances flavor -Facilitates deglutition - Correct answer -Initiates protein digestion Which of the following foods would be most cariogenic? Milk Raisins Oj Chocolate chip cookies - Correct answer Raisins All of the following are true about post eruptive effects of carbs on teeth EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? -The end product for glycolysis for cariogenic bacteria is lactic acid -Dietary sweeteners such as sugar alcohols are cariogenic bacteria -S. Mutans synthesizes polysaccharides from sucrose which have a strong affinity for enamel -Carbs are an energy source for S. Mutans - Correct answer -Dietary sweeteners such as sugar alcohols are cariogenic bacteria Essential amino acids are: -Can be synthesized by the human body -Do not contain carbon -Are not necessary for formation of enzymes -Can be found in varying amounts and combinations in the foods we eat - Correct answer -Can be found in varying amounts and combinations in the foods we eat "essential" meaning the need to obtain from diet The digestion of carbohydrates begins in the _________________. Small intestine Mouth Stomach Pancreas - Correct answer Mouth Which of the following is the best source of magnesium? Cottage Cheese Whole Grain Bread Oranges Dark Yellow Veggies - Correct answer Whole Grain Bread Inadequate iodine intake leads to:

Osteoporosis Rickets Anemia Goiter - Correct answer Goiter A complete and accurate assessment includes all of the following EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Bacteriologic assessment Clinical Assessment Health History Food Intake Assessment - Correct answer Bacteriologic assessment The most common nutritional deficiency among women of child bearing age and children in the USA is? Sodium Vitamin C Zinc Iron - Correct answer Iron Anemia is frequency associated with? Vitamins A & D Vitamins E & K Vitamins B12 & Folic Acid Thiamin, Riboflavin, & Niacin Vitamins C & D - Correct answer Vitamins B12 & Folic Acid Examples of retentive carbohydrates include all Except one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? a. cheese b. pretzels c. cookies d. crackers e. potato chips - Correct answer a. cheese Zinc is a very important trace of element for which of the following conditions? -During Kidney failure -When gaining too much weight -During hemoglobin synthesis and energy production -During periods of rapid tissue growth - Correct answer -During periods of rapid tissue growth

Vitamin A is important for what? -Both helping eyes adapt in dim light and maintaining healthy skin -Helping eyes to adapt in dim light -Preventing scurvy -Maintaining healthy skin - Correct answer -Both helping eyes adapt in dim light and maintaining healthy skin The essential base for all metabolic processes in the body are? Carbs Vitamins Fats Proteins Water - Correct answer Water The effect of Vitamin C deficiency is primarily on: Nervous tissue Epithelial tissue Connective tissue Muscular tissue - Correct answer Connective tissue All of the following statements are true EXCEPT: -2 grams of alcohol yields 14 kcal -7 grams of fat yields 63 kcal -3 grams of carbs yields 12 kcal -5 grams of protein yields 45 kcal - Correct answer -5 grams of protein yields 45 kcal carbs= 4kcal/g protein=4kcal/g alcohol= 7kcal/g fat= 9kcal/g Severe early childhood caries is usually observed in? Primary second molars Mandibular Canines Maxillary central and lateral incisors Mandibular central and lateral incisors - Correct answer Maxillary central and lateral incisors A strict vegan diet would most likely be deficient in which vitamin? Folate

Thiamin Cobalamin Biotin - Correct answer Cobalamin (B12- strictly derived from animals) Essential fatty acids are required for the formation of? Vitamin k Prostaglandins Insulin Enzymes - Correct answer Prostaglandins An essential mineral closely associated with calcium and phosphorus in the structure of bones and teeth is? Fluoride Copper Magnesium Zinc Selenium - Correct answer Magnesium Essential amino acids must be obtained from the diet. They cannot be synthesized from other amino acids. -Both statements are FALSE -The first statement is TRUE, the second is FALSE -Both statements are TRUE -The first statement is FALSE, the second is TRUE - Correct answer -Both statements are TRUE "essential" meaning the need to obtain from diet Glucose is the sole source of energy for the: Brain Liver Kidneys Pancreas Heart - Correct answer Brain Formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate substances is called? Glycogenesis Glucogenesis Gluconeogenesis Glycolosis - Correct answer Glycolosis

Which of the following should immediately follow a purging incident in a person with bulimia? Flossing Brushing with baking soda Brushing with fluoride toothpaste Rinsing with tap water - Correct answer Rinsing with tap water Endogenous, intrinsic stains is associated with all of the following EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? -More than optimal amounts of systemic fluoride -traumatized pulp -tetracycline -chlorhexidine - Correct answer Standard Precautions - Correct answer Considers all blood, saliva, and bodily fluids encountered during tx and contaminated surfaces to be potentially infectious and infection control should be applied to every situation Which cranial nerve is responsible for the sensory function of the posterior 1/3 of tongue, soft palate, and pharynx? Glossopharyngeal Vestibularcochlear Vagus Facial - Correct answer Glossopharyngeal Exogenous, intrinsic stains are associate with? amalgam restortations a tobacco habit chromogenic bacteria fluorosis - Correct answer fluorosis Excessive fluoride during this stage results in fluorosis -Pre-eruptive bud stage -Pre-eruptive mineralization stage -Post-eruptive maturation stage -Posy-eruptive mineralization stage - Correct answer -Pre-eruptive mineralization stage Dean's Fluorosis Index: Severe - Correct answer All tooth surfaces affected, marked wear on biting surfaces, Brown stain present

A hereditary endrogenous intrinsic stain that occurs primarily due to the generalized disturbance of ameloblasts and results in partly or completely missing enamel is termed: Enamel hypoplasia Amelogenesis imperfecta Enamel hyperplasia Dentinogenesis imperfecta - Correct answer Amelogenesis imperfecta When high concentrations of topical fluoride are applied to teeth _______precipitates out of the tooth to provide_______ Calcium fluoride, free fluoride ions Hydroxyapatitie, fluorapatite Phosphofluoride, free fluorde ions Calcium fluoride, fluorapatite - Correct answer Hydroxyapatitie, fluorapatite Enamel hypoplasia occurs as a result of? - Correct answer Disruption of ameloblastic activity during the apposition and mineralization stage of enamel formation What nerve is responsible for the sensory function of tongue-taste and proprioception - Correct answer Facial Nerve Medicare is a government-run medical insurance for those 65 years +. It is funded jointly by federal and state government. -Both statements are FALSE -The first statement is TRUE, the second is FALSE -Both statements are TRUE -The first statement is FALSE, the second is TRUE - Correct answer The first statement is TRUE, the second is FALSE (Funded by federal government and only covers dental tx directly related to a medical condition) A type of data used in assessment that is objective and measurable is? Retrospective Descriptive Qualitative Quantitative - Correct answer Quantitative A dental hygienist working in several long term care facilities is planning on conducting a study to find out more about her population, oral lesions, particular. One study compared lesions in smokers vs nonsmokers. The subjects were selected by listing them in ABC order then selecting every 3rd person. 2 Hygienists worked jointly for 1 day @ each of the three sites to perform calibration of the index.

Which of the following allows for the study to be regarded as having internal validity? -The change in the dependent variable is due to an extraneous variable -Generalization of the results are applicable to other settings -Natural attrition is discouraged -The study measured what it has intended to measure - Correct answer -Generalization of the results are applicable to other settings A dental hygienist working in several long term care facilities is planning on conducting a study to find out more about her population, oral lesions, particular. One study compared lesions in smokers vs nonsmokers. The subjects were selected by listing them in ABC order then selecting every 3rd person. 2 Hygienists worked jointly for 1 day @ each of the three sites to perform calibration of the index. The research hypothesis established is: There is no significant correlation between tobacco use and oral lesions. This is an example of what type of hypothesis? Positive Null Correlational Clinically Significant - Correct answer Null--the research question in the form of a negative outcome The 1st step of scientific method of research is? Identify a target population Formulate a question Formulate a hypothesis Collect data and perform a needs assessment - Correct answer Formulate a question An epidemic occurring over a very wide area and affecting a large population is an? Endemic Pandemic Prevalence Occurrance - Correct answer Pandemic (Endemic- belonging or native to a particular ppl or country Prevalence-is a measure of the disease's occurrence) A p value of >.01 means your research study is: -Not statistically significant -Of average statistical significance -Highly statistically significant - Correct answer -Highly statistically significant

A p value of less than .05 is statistically significant and means that the results due to chance only 5 times out of 100. So anything above this would be considered highly significant. The degree to which an instrument measures what it is intended to measure is called? Calibration Validity Variability Reliability - Correct answer Validity A dental hygienist working in several long term care facilities is planning on conducting a study to find out more about her population, oral lesions, particular. One study compared lesions in smokers vs nonsmokers. The subjects were selected by listing them in ABC order then selecting every 3rd person. 2 Hygienists worked jointly for 1 day @ each of the three sites to perform calibration of the index. What type of sampling is used in this study? Simple Random Random Stratified Systemic - Correct answer Systemic- every nth subject which can be determined by dividing the total population size by the desired sampling size. What are the stages of a transtheoretical model? - Correct answer precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, maintenance, and action Reliability is... - Correct answer Consistency of measurement or degree to which an instrument measures the same way each time it is used under the same conditions with the same subjects Calibration is the act of... - Correct answer Checking or adjusting the accuracy of a measuring instrument Variability is... - Correct answer The range of possible outcomes of a given situation A program goal is... - Correct answer A statement of the programs intent, purpose, or expected outcomes A program objective is... - Correct answer A measurable outcome which is used to determine program progress towards the program goal What is a normative need? - Correct answer One that is deemed necessary after assessment by a professional.

Which of the following is true regarding ceramic materials in dentistry?

• Can be used as fillers for composites
• Can bend w/o breaking
• Chemically reactive
• Low melting point and high thermal conductivity - Correct answer - Can be used as fillers for composites The opening and closing of gaps around a margin due to heating and cooling is called: Microleakage Percolation Coefficient of thermal expansion Creep - Correct answer Percolation Which of the following is most irritating to the pulp? Calcium hydroxide ZOE Zinc Phosphate Glass Ionomer - Correct answer Zinc Phosphate The process by which marginal irregularities and areas of roughness are removed from restorations is called: Polishing Abrasion Cutting Finishing - Correct answer Finishing This type of rubber impression material has the longest setting and working time, has a disagreeable taste and smell, and was the first generation of rubber impression material. Polyvinlysiloxanes Polyethers Polysulfides Polyethenols - Correct answer Polysulfides The strongest phase of amalgam setting reaction is: Gamma Gamma- All are the same Gamma -1 - Correct answer Gamma

Time at which sufficient reaction has occurred to cause a material to resist further manipulation is referred to as the materials: Initial setting time Final setting time Working time Mixing time - Correct answer Final setting time Which type of bonding in a material is MOST associated with high electrical and thermal conductivity? Ionic Covalent Metallic Secondary Bond - Correct answer Metallic The reaction associated with irreversible hydrocolliod materials is: Thermoplastic Thermoset Physical Chemical - Correct answer Chemical Which of the following is found in the highest concentration in a dental amalgam alloy? Mercury Tin Copper Silver - Correct answer Silver On the MOH's scale, enamel has a relative hardness of: 5- 7- 9- 2-3 - Correct answer 5- Plaster, stone, and high strength stone are all chemically identified as: Calcium Sulfate hemihydrate Calcium chloride dihydrate Calcium Sulfate dihydrate Calcium chloride hemihydrate - Correct answer Calcium Sulfate hemihydrate

As a dental amalgam restoration ages in the oral cavity, microleakage decreases because of: Topical Fluoride Galvanic Forces Formation of amalgam corrosion - Correct answer Formation of amalgam corrosion