Master Review and Tutorial for the National Counselor Examination Chapter 10, Exams of Psychology

Download Master Review and Tutorial for the National Counselor Examination Chapter 10 and more Exams Psychology in PDF only on Docsity!

Master Review and Tutorial for the National Counselor

Examination Chapter 10 beginning with Question 801

Which group has been most instrumental in opposing counselor licensure?________ - Psychologists In the late 1970s, AACD (known as ACA since 1992) began to focus very heavily on professional credentialing. This led to the formation of the ____________________. - NBCC (National Board for Certified Counselors) By passing the NCE, a counselor can attain _______, given via NBCC. - NCC, a generic certification for counselors (National Certified Counselor) Which choice would most likely violate the counseling ethic or law termed "scope of practice"? ______________________. - A counselor who is conducting a strict Freudian psychoanalysis with the client. Ethical guidelines were first created for the helping professions in 1953 when the American Paychological Association (APA) published their first code of ethics. The National Association of Social Workers (NASW) created their code in 1960, and in 1961, the organization that is now ACA adopted ethics for counselors. Ethics always describe ____________________. - standards of conduct imposed by ACA and NBCC Most ethical dilemmas are related to ____ _______________________________. - confidentiality The landmark 1969 case, "Tarasoff versus the Board of Regents of the University of California" illuminated ________________ _________________________________. - the duty to warn a client in imminent danger.

A counselor reveals information that is extremely damaging to a client's reputation. This counselor could be accused of ______________________. - defamation State laws can govern title usage and practice, however, they do not govern ___ _______________________. - accreditation An exception to confidentiality could occur when a client is suicidal. Suicidal warnings signs include ______________________. - repeatedly joking about killing one's self; giving away prized possessions after one has been depressed for an extended period of time; a previous suicide attempt and a very detailed suicide plan for the future. A statement of disclosure could include all except ___________________________. - a list of the courses the counselor took in graduate school. Privileged communication refers to the fact that anything said to a counselor by a client _____________________________. - will not be divulged outside the counseling setting without the client's permission In regard to state law and privileged communication, counselors must be aware that ________________________. - laws are unclear and may vary from state to state When counselors state that privileged communication is "qualified," they actually mean that _________________________. - exceptions may exist You are a counselor in a state that does not legally support privileged communication. You refuse to testify in court. In this situation _________________. -

you could be held in contempt of court An 11-year-old child comes to your office with a black eye and tells you she can't remember how she received it. You have reason to suspect abuse. You should ___ _______________________________. - call the child abuse/neglect hotline (CPS) During a counseling session a 42-year-old male client threatens suicide. You should _________________________________. - contact his wife and advise her of possible suicide precautions A 39-year-old female secretary you are seeing in your assertiveness training group reveals that she is plotting to shoot her husband. Based on the "Tarasoff" case you should ________________________. - warn the husband You pass your exam and now have NCC status. During a staff meeting a clinical director explains to you that, from an ethical standpoint, your primary duty is to the agency. Most experts in the field of counselor education would ___________ _________________________________. - disagree inasmuch as professional ethics emphasize that your primary responsibility is to your clients One impetus for counselor licensing was that _____________________________. - psychology licensure bodies sought to restrict the practice of counselors so counselors could not receive third party payments from insurance and managed care companies A counselor who possesses a graduate degree wishes to become a licensed psychologist. Which statement most accurately depicts the current situation __ _________________________________. - In nearly every case individuals trained in counseling departments would not be allowed to sit for the EPPP and thus could not become licensed psychologists.

A women who is in private practice mentions in her phone book advertisement that she is a licensed counseling psychologist. This generally means that __ ______________________________. - she has a graduate degree from a psychology department One major difference between the psychology versus the counseling movement seems to be that __________. - the psychologists are working to eliminate practitioners with less than a doctorate, while the counselors are not APA is to psychologist as ACA is to _____. - counselor You have achieved the status of NCC. NBCC, nevertheless, feels you have violated professional ethics. NBCC can do any of the following except ____________. - revoke your state counseling license A counselor who is alcoholic and suffering from burnout could best be described as _________________________________. - an impaired professional Counselor certification ________________ - recognizes that yoou have reached a given level of competence and thus are authorized to use a title A women comes to you for help with an eating disorder. You have no experience or training in this area.Ethically you should __ _______________________________. - refer this client to a colleague who is indeed trained and experienced with this type of client. Virginia was the first state to license counselors in 1976. The APGA (later AACD and now ACA) division that was initially the most instrumental in pushing for licensing was the ________________. -

American Counselor Education and Supervision The problem with income sensitive or sliding fee scales (based on the client's ability to pay) is that __________________. - it is difficult to administer them in a fair manner One possible negative aspect of counselor licensure is that ____________________. - counselors may not be as creative during their graduate work and simply take courses aimed at fulfilling the requirements to take the licensure exam A client wants his records sent to a psychiatrist he is seeing. You should ___ _______________________________. - first have the client sign a dated release of information form that stipulates whether the information can be released once (or for what period of time it can be released) and then you can send the information You are a licensed professional counselor in one state but will soon relocate to another state. The new state informs you that they will grant you reciprocity or so-called endorsement. You will thus ______ __________________________________. - be permitted to practice in the new state based on your current credentials without taking another exam According to the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) OF 1974 (ALSO KNOWN AS THE BUCKLEY AMENDMENT) _____________________. - a parent can see his or her daughter's middle school record and an 18-year-old college student can view his or her own educational record. You are a school counselor who wishes to refer an orthopedically disabled student to a private therapist. In general, the best referral would be to _________________. - a Certified Rehabilitation Counselor (CRC) A registry would be __________________. -

a list of licensed psychologists in the state of Illinois or a lit of CRCs in the United States A counselor wins the lottery and closes her practice without telling her clients. This counselor's course of action is best described as __________. - abandonment You are counseling your first cousin for depression. This is _________________. - generally unethical as it would constitute a dual or so-called multiple relationship A counselor who sports NCC after her name _________________________. - will need a specified amount of continuing education contact hours before she can be recertified, or she will need to take the NCE again You find yourself sexually attracted to a client. This is known as ______________. - countertransference Your sexual attraction toward your client is hindering the counseling process. You should __________________________. - explain this to the client and then refer the client to another provider. A malpractice or liability insurance company is least likely to defend you if __ _________________________________. - you are sexually involved with a client Computers are now being used in various counseling settings. Counselors speak of Computer Assisted Counseling (CAC) and Computer Managed Counseling (CMC). An office that employs a computer to schedule clients would be an example of _ _________________________________. - Computer Managed Counseling (CMC)

A college student who suffers from panic disorder types his symptoms and concerns onto a PC screen and then waits for the computer program to respond or question him further. The student engages in this practice for one 40-minute session per week. This is an example of ________. - Computer Assisted Counseling (CAC) As a professional counselor you develop a self-help software package for use by the general public. Ethics indicate that ______ ______________________________. - the package must be initially designed for stand-alone usage as opposed to modifying a package requiring counselor support Which statement best describes the counseling profession's reaction to computer assisted counseling and computer managed counseling? ________ __________________________________. - CMC has been well received since it cuts down time on paperwork, scheduling, and record keeping, but there is a mixed reaction to CAC as some feel it depersonalizes counseling You are a supervisor at a sexual abuse treatment agency. Sally is one of your counselors and you give her a performance rating on a yearly basis. Sally has been having panic attacks on a daily basis at home for almost a month and her physician feels that counseling rather than medicine is indicated. Now--for the first time--she has a terrible panic attack at work. If you don't see her the nearest counselor is 150 miles away. You should _________________________________. - attempt to counsel her A counseling journal article should use documentation (i.e., references) that is based on _________________________. - APA style A 14-year-old male threatens to blow up his parents' garage because he has been grounded. You believe his threat is genuine. You should _________________. - warn the parents that their property is in danger

A 16-year-old girl threatens to kill herself and you fail to inform her parents. Your behavior as a counselor is best described as _____________________________. - an example of negligence, which is a failure to perform a duty, which in this instance is an obligation to protect the client NBCC has developed a Code of Ethics to help counselors behave in a professional manner. The code is divided into a preamble and seven sections. The first section (i.e., Section A) warns against stereotyping and discrimination. All of the following would be examples of stereotyping and discrimination except __ _________________________________. - advising a client to consider switching his college major based on your clinical judgement as well as the results from an extensive test battery Section A, which is the general section of NBCC's Code of Ethics, cautions counselors against sexual harassment defined as "unwelcome comments, gestures, or physical contacts of a sexual nature." An example of an ethics violation in this respect would be ______________ - a female counselor who repeatedly tells a male client how sexy his hairy chest looks when he leaves his shirt unbuttoned. You are a well-known cognitive behavior therapist who heads up a private practice in New Jersey. For the next two years you will be in Canada conducting a research project. Your practice has six counselors. The practice is sending brochures to schools, agencies, and hospitals in an attempt to boost referrals. Your name appears on the front of the brochure as if you are available for referrals. This is ___ _________________________________. - unethical A colleague of yours who is not a certified counselor behaves in an unethical manner. The ethical thing for you to do is _ __________________________________. - attempt to rectify the condition via institutional channels, turning to NBCC procedures if this fails A client asks you for classical psychoanalysis yet you have no training what soever in this area. If you agree to analyze the client, you are ____________. - unethical as this is misrepresentation

A client needs counseling but can afford only $5 per session. As a private practitioner you charge $75 per hour. You should ___________________________. - consider the client's financial status and the locality and offer her a reduced ratetice Dr. X recommends to his agency clients that he would rather counsel them in his private practice. Ethically speaking _____ _________________________________. - Dr. X is diverting agency clients to his practice and this is unethical Section B of NBCC's Code of Ethics deals with the counseling relationship. Thus a counselor who uses a paradoxical strategy _________________________________. - should explain the purpose of this technique to the client A counselor is counseling an executive secretary. The counselor notes that he is writing a book and explains to the client that he will see her for free if she types the manuscript. This is

---

_________________________________. - known as bartering and unethical as described here Ethics state that a counselor should _____ all clients for group counseling. - screen You are a middle school counselor at a public school. A child is threatening to kill another student and admonishes you to keep it a secret. According to the ethical principle of minimal disclosure the best course of action would be to __________ _________________________________. - inform the parents of the student in danger, inform the principal, and call the police immediately, discussing only material related to the threat

Your agency uses a collection agency when clients don't pay their bills. You should ____________________________. - inform the client of this before the counseling begins You have just made a landmark discovery which you feel could literally change the entire field of counseling and thus you write an article which depicts your findings. The next step would be to

---

__________________________________. - submit the article to one publication at a time despite your conviction that the article must get published Section F of NBCC's Code of Ethics is concerned with ethics related to consulting. Consulting or consultation can best be described as ________________. - a voluntary relationship between a professional helper and help-needing individual, group, or social unit in which the consultant helps define or solve problems related to clients, the client system, or work- related issues Section G of NBCC's Code of Ethics describes ethical issues related to private practice. Which of these situations is clearly an ethics violation? ____________ _________________________________. - An executive director of a private practice who has his name listed in a Yellow Pages advertisement as a counseling provider despite the fact that he is out of the country and is engaged in a research project for the next two years Nosology refers to a system of classification. Name the nosological system(s) utilized by professional counselors who diagnose clients. ______ - DSM & ICD The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) was created by the American Psychiatric Association. The Manual of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Injuries, and Causes of Death (ICD) was created by the World Health Organization (WHO). Which counselor would most likely be required to utilize one of these guides to diagnose a client? __________________________. - A counselor who wishes to secure insurance (i.e., third party) payments

Traditionally, ___________ counseling has caused the most ethical concerns. - behavioral Insurance payments are also called ____ ____________________________. - third party payments The DSM uses a multiaxial classification system with five axes. Diagnostic codes have ___________ digits. - five Identify the DSM code _________. -

As you are reading the DSM you see this code: 296.2X. In this case the X (i.e., the fifth digit) refers to _________________. - severity, and thus it will be replaced with a diagnostic number In the DSM the so-called V Codes refer to conditions which are not attributable to a mental condition. An example of a V Code would be ______________________. - V62. An example of a V Code diagnosis would be ________________________. - Uncomplicated Bereavement Formal diagnosis, also known as nosology, is most closely related to the __ __________model. - medical

Which DSM diagnosis indicates the most serious pathology? ________________. -

The type of mental health service provided to the client is coded via _________ and is generally required for insurance payments. - the AMA's Current Procedural Terminology (e.g., CPT 90844). You refer a client to Dr. Smith. Ethically, Dr. Smith ________________________. - may not pay you a referral fee for sending her the client You have written a very popular book on reality therapy. Now you are teaching a graduate course on counseling at a local university. Ethically, you _____________. - may use the book as a textbook in your class An elementary school counselor is giving a child a standardized test. On several occasions the child says he does not understand what the counselor has said, The counselor should ________________. - repeat the question, but talk more slowly The most popular paradigm of mental health consultation has been proposed by _______________________. - Gerald Caplan The doctor-patient consultation model relies on four distinct stages: entry, diagnosis, implementation, and evaluation. In order for the doctor-patient structure to work, the consultee (i.e., the person receiving the consultation) must accurately depict symptomatology, trust the consultant's diagnosis, and carry out the consultant's directives. This model is associated most closely with the work of ________________. - Edgar Schein _________ is the leading cause of malpractice actions taken against counselors, therapists, and mental health providers - sexual misconduct

Your client was seeing Dr. Doyle for counseling for three years. The client has now stopped seeing Dr. Doyle and has an appointment to see you. You should ____ _____________________. - counsel the client You are treating a man who suffers from panic disorder. His panic attacks are so severe he cannot drive to work. After just three sessions he is not only driving to work but has taken up sky diving to demonstrate his progress over his fear. You would love to put his testimonial on your brochure to show how adept you are at treating this affliction. You should ____ ________________________________. - not ask him for a testimonial since it would constitute an ethics violation Ethical dilemmas rarely have clear-cut answers. Thus when a complex ethical situation manifests itself, it is best to ____ __________________________________. - consult with colleagues as well as ethical codes inasmuch as legal standards are very often based on the methods of fellow professionals in analogous situations You have attempted to help a client for over two years with little or no success. You should ________________________. - terminate the relationship and initiate an appropriate referral Assume that you have decided to refer a client elsewhere because you were unable to help her. The client insists upon seeing you. Ethics guidelines would dictate that _________________________________. - you are not obligated to continue the relationship Counseling is a relatively new profession. The first counselors in the United States were not called counselors. They were __ ______________________________. - deans and advisors employed after the Civil War in college settings to watch over young women

Historically speaking, the first psychology laboratory was set up by ______________ _______________________________. - Wilhelm Wundt, in 1879 in Leipzig, Germany Counseling became popular after the 1931 publication of ______________________. - "Workbook in Vocations" by Proctor, Benefield, and Wrenn PL94-142 (The Education Act for All Handicapped Children) states that ______ _________________________________. - all children between 5 and 21 are assured free education; handicapped persons are placed in the least restrictive environment (LRE); and an Individualized Education Plan (IEP) is developed for each child The major trend that impacted upon the counseling movement in the 1980s _____ ________________________________. - included an emphasis on professionalism, certification, and licensing The APGA and APA had joint ethics guidelines for counselors and psychologists. This changed during the 1970s when _______________________. - the APA did not wish to credential master's-level counselors or psychologists The 1950s was the age of tremendous strides in ________________________. - developmental psychology The _______movement began in the late 1960s. - group In the 1960s Gilbert Wrenn's book, "The Counselor in a Changing World", urged counselors to _____________________. -

emphasize developmental concerns rather than merely focusing on crises and curing emotional illness One of the primary problems of counseling in the early 1960s was that it wrongly emphasized _______________________. - intrapsychic processes The significance of the 1958 National Defense Education Act was that it ______ ______________________________. - provided financial aid for graduate education in counseling; expanded school guidance services; and improved guidance for gifted children A man has a rare, highly contagious disease that is fatal. He is keeping it a secret and insists that he will never tell his wife. You should ___________________. - break confidentiality and tell his wife