NAUI Scuba Diving Questions and Answers, Exams of Advanced Education

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Naui Scuba Diving Questions and Answers

Diver Down" flags are displayed on the surface when divers are in the water in order to provide a place for boats to tie up to. - ANSWER-false A ____________ is used by divers to alert boaters that there are divers in the water nearby - ANSWER-red & white dive flag A ______________ is used to document data (max depth, dive time, equipment, weight worn, etc.) from your dives, both training and otherwise. - ANSWER-dive log A disadvantage to aluminum as a tank material is its tendency to rust quickly if water gets inside. - ANSWER-False A dive compass must have this feature to be useful for navigation. - ANSWER-a reference (lubber) line A diver may experience a "squeeze" when descending or a "block" when ascending due to unequal pressure inside and outside the eardrum. - ANSWER-true A diver should not fly for at least _______ hours after repetitive dives to ensure that they have offgassed all additional nitrogen absorbed during their dives. - ANSWER- A diver's buoyancy is affected by the diver's body density (weight/volume ratio), the equipment worn (BC, tank, wetsuit), and the breathing pattern. - ANSWER-true A hand slashing across the throat is the underwater signal for: - ANSWER-I'm out of air! A line floating behind an anchored boat provides a safe place to grab if you surface behind the boat. That line is called a ___________ line. - ANSWER-trail A lung over-pressurization injury can result in an air embolism or a collapsed lung, which is also called _____________. - ANSWER-a pneumothorax A repetitive dive is any dive made within ______________ hours of a previous dive. - ANSWER- A stuck power-inflator mechanism can lead to an over-inflated BC, which can be dangerous because...? - ANSWER-it can cause an uncontrolled ascent A thin zone in freshwater lakes where the warm surface water changes rapidly to a colder, deeper layer is called _____. - ANSWER-a thermocline A type of alternate air source considered to be a "contingency scuba" air source is: - ANSWER-a pony bottle

Air is a mixture of gases in the following proportions: - ANSWER-78% N2, 21% O2, and 1% miscellaneous gases Alcohol and other recreational drugs should be avoided prior to diving as they can impair judgment. Even over-the-counter medications can lead to problems while scuba diving. - ANSWER-True All of the following are types of currents except __________________. - ANSWER- transitional Any diving environment that does not allow direct vertical access to the surface is called an overhead environment and is not advised for recreational scuba divers. - ANSWER- true As a scuba diver, you must be willing to accept the risks of the sport and to take responsibility for your own actions. - ANSWER-True As part of planning for any dive, you and your partner should agree on depth, time, and air supply (at what psi you'll end your dive). - ANSWER-true As we dive underwater, water also exerts pressure on us that is proportional to our depth. However, the pressure differs between freshwater (FW) and salt water (SW) because of all the salts (minerals) dissolved in salt water. Which pair of numbers is correct for the depth equaling one (1) atmosphere of water pressure? - ANSWER- FFW & 33 FSW At the end of every dive should make a Precautionary Decompression Stop (aka Safety Stop) at a depth of _____ feet for ______ minutes. - ANSWER-15, 3 Because of water's increased density (compared to air) sound travels faster underwater...in fact, too fast for your ears and brain to determine the direction of the sound. This is because sound waves underwater travel about 5 times faster than in air. - ANSWER-false Because you wear the basic personal equipment directly on your body (mask, fins, etc.) the most important considerations are comfort and fit - ANSWER-True Because your skin is protected when wearing dive gloves it's OK to touch all marine life.

• ANSWER-False Blood in your dive mask may be the result of: - ANSWER-a sinus squeeze Both air and water are easily compressed - ANSWER-false

Boyle's Law is used to explain the relationship between pressure (P) and volume (V). Which of the statements shows the correct relationship between pressure and volume?

• ANSWER-As P increases, V decreases Breathing dry compressed air causes your body to lose water which can lead to dehydration. However you can alleviate this problem by drinking caffeinated sodas and beer. - ANSWER-false By diving with a submersible pressure gauge (monitoring regularly) and with a buddy equipped with a back-up air source there is little risk of running out of air while scuba diving: - ANSWER-True Carbon monoxide is a poisonous gas that can sometimes end up in scuba cylinders in small amounts. This is a concern at the pressures encountered when scuba diving. You should not dive with a cylinder of air if you notice an odor or taste that doesn't belong AND you should return it to the dive operation that you got it from. - ANSWER-true Collecting artifacts from shipwrecks is encouraged as it helps clean up debris from the ocean floor. - ANSWER-false DAN is a worldwide emergency network that provides assistance to divers. DAN stands for ____________. - ANSWER-divers alert network Dive boots are needed with _______ fins in order to avoid blisters. - ANSWER-heel- strap Dive equipment should be kept close to the body in order to avoid equipment damage as well as damage to underwater organisms such as coral. - ANSWER-True Dive knives are primarily used to kill and gut marine fish. - ANSWER-false Dive lights are used for night dives, but if used during daylight dives they will bring back the colors filtered out by the water. - ANSWER-true Divers can reduce drag (due to water resistance) by - ANSWER-streamlining themselves and their equipment Divers should always, "Plan their dive, and dive their plan". - ANSWER-true Diving in kelp forests is a unique experience that is often found off the coast of ________________. - ANSWER-California Drift diving is a particular feature of diving the reefs off of __________________. - ANSWER-Cozumel, MX

Due to refraction (the bending of light), objects underwater appear 1/4 closer than they would at the same distance above water. - ANSWER-false Due to the greater density of water (than air), the colors in the visible light spectrum get "filtered" out underwater. As you dive deeper more and more colors disappear. The first color to get filtered out is: - ANSWER-red Ear clearing should begin once your head is below the surface and continue until you reach your desired depth. - ANSWER-true Every dive should have a chosen "dive leader" who is often the person most familiar with the planned dive site and conditions. - ANSWER-true Everyone should be prepared to administer first aid and CPR. - ANSWER-true First aid for an air embolism includes all of the following except __________________. - ANSWER-taking the diver back down to depth to relieve the symptoms Flashlight failure on a night dive or stirred up sediment can lead to sensory deprivation.

• ANSWER-true Freshwater weighs 64 lbs. per cubic ft. and salt water weighs 62.4 lbs. per cubic ft. - ANSWER-false If an object displaces an amount of water that weighs more than the object does, the object is said to be ___________ buoyant. - ANSWER-positively If the pressure on the body is lowered too quickly, excess nitrogen absorbed by a diver can come out of solution within the tissues (forming bubbles) and cause decompression sickness. - ANSWER-true If you get entangled in fishing line and your buddy can't help you then you can remove your scuba unit, free the entanglement and put the unit back on. - ANSWER-true If you lose your dive buddy, you should get vertical in the water, search for them or their bubbles in a 360 degree circle, then ascend about 10 ft and repeat the pattern. If you still don't find them you should return to the bottom and search further. - ANSWER-false If you self-report any medical condition that may place you at risk for scuba diving your instructor will ignore it and continue with the course instruction. - ANSWER-False If your dive buddy is having problems at the surface, you should do all of the following except____________. - ANSWER-swim up close and hand them your air supply If your skin is dry and hot to the touch you may be suffering from ________________, which is a life-threatening condition. - ANSWER-heat stroke

In addition to the possibility of a lung over-expansion injury, skip breathing can lead to suffocation due to the build-up of CO2 (carbon dioxide). - ANSWER-true In an out-of-air emergency, which list below shows the preferred order of the methods (best to worst)? - ANSWER-contingency air, octopus method, buddy breathing, ESA, EBA. In general, the desired pattern of breathing while scuba diving is slightly faster and shallower than normal. - ANSWER-false In the acronym SEABAG, the "A" stands for ______________. - ANSWER-activity In the acronym SEABAG, the "E" stands for _______________ plan. - ANSWER- emergency In the acronym SEABAG, the "S" stands for ________________ - ANSWER-site survey In the acronym, SEABAG, the "B" stands for: - ANSWER-Buoyancy It is recommended that you wait until the end of a dive trip to record (log) all the dives that you've made on the trip. - ANSWER-false It is strongly encouraged to not consume alcohol within ________ hours of a planned dive. - ANSWER- Keeping water from entering the first stage is critical. Which of the following is NOT a way to keep water out of the first stage? - ANSWER-Pushing the purge button on a second stage when the first stage is "unattached" from the tank. Lead weights are worn by scuba divers to offset the buoyancy of your body and any other equipment/dive suit that you're wearing. - ANSWER-True Most injuries from aquatic animals are due to their aggressive nature and are generally unprovoked. - ANSWER-false NAUI, or NAUI Worldwide is one of the newest and least experienced of the many scuba diving certification agencies. - ANSWER-False On any type of surface dive, the key is to get as much of your body out of the water as possible in order to use your body weight to help push you under the surface. - ANSWER-true On the surface, waving with your arms is a good way to say, "Hello...I'm OK". - ANSWER-false

Once you are certified as "NAUI Scuba Diver" you are qualified to dive: - ANSWER-In conditions similar to those you encountered in your open-water certification dives. One way to reduce the likelihood of seasickness is to go below deck in a darkened room. - ANSWER-false Planned decompression dives are considered technical dives, which are strongly discouraged for recreational scuba divers due to the greatly increased safety risks. - ANSWER-true Recreational dive tables are based on dive research by _____________________. - ANSWER-the US Navy Responsible underwater hunting involves all of the following except _______________.

• ANSWER-taking more game than you can use Scuba cylinders contain many stamped markings with _________, ___________, and ___________ being the most important. - ANSWER-hydrostatic test date, serial number, and material Scuba cylinders must have a visual inspection (external and internal) by a certified cylinder inspector: - ANSWER-At least once a year Scuba diving is a "thinking person's" sport and as such __________ should be avoided before scuba diving. - ANSWER-Any drugs that alter behavior Scuba diving is often easy (physically) but can sometimes be very strenuous; particularly if you are diving in cold water, making beach entries through surf, or _______________. - ANSWER-diving against a current Scuba diving like any physical activity has risks; which can include serious injury or even death. - ANSWER-True Sea turtles often mistake plastic bags as jellyfish, eat them, and unfortunately, die - ANSWER-true Shallow-water blackout is caused by hyperventilating prior to a "skin" dive. - ANSWER- true Steel scuba cylinders are less likely to rust than aluminum so keeping air in them during storage is less important than with aluminum cylinders. - ANSWER-False Symptoms of DCS (Decompression Sickness) include: skin rash, extreme fatigue, and joint pain. - ANSWER-true

The "absolute" pressure (ATA) on a diver is the sum of air pressure and water pressure. At 66 FSW (or 68 FFW) what is the absolute pressure on a diver? - ANSWER-1 atm air

• 2 atm water = 3 ATA The abbreviation, RNT, stands for ___________________ and is a type of "penalty" for breathing compressed air underwater. - ANSWER-residual nitrogen time The acronym SCUBA stands for: - ANSWER-Self-contained underwater breathing apparatus The best way to care for your dive equipment in general is to: - ANSWER-rinse in freshwater, dry out of the full sun, and store in a cool, dark area. The best way to move with your fins on (on dry land) is forward so that you can watch for any obstructions. - ANSWER-false The direction of travel line on a dive compass is also known as: - ANSWER-a lubber line The final step before any water entry is to: - ANSWER-make sure that the water is deep enough and clear of any obstacles. The first rule of first aid is to "Do minimal harm." - ANSWER-false The first state of the regulator reduces the high pressure (3,000 psi) in the cylinder down to approximately 150 psi. - ANSWER-True The first step in long-range planning is to determine the ______________ of your dive (trip). - ANSWER-objective The first step to solving a problem underwater is to ___________________. - ANSWER-stop what you're doing The high-pressure port on the first stage is the attachment point for which device? - ANSWER-SPG The mask lens should be made of ____________ to reduce the chance of injury if the lens is broken. - ANSWER-tempered glass The most common materials for scuba cylinders are _______________. - ANSWER- aluminum and steel The most common way to enter the water from a small boat (without a dive platform) or one with high gunwales (sides) is the: - ANSWER-back roll entry The NAUI dive tables consist of how many different tables? - ANSWER-

The NAUI Scuba Diver certification is your "license to ________" and is only the beginning of your scuba education. - ANSWER-Learn The pressure in your middle ear can be "equalized" by moving air through the ________________ tube that runs from your throat to your middle ear. - ANSWER- Eustachian The pressure surrounding your body (on the surface or underwater) is called ________ pressure. - ANSWER-Ambient The primary responsibility for the proper assembly and operation of your equipment belongs to your dive buddy. - ANSWER-false The process of the body absorbing excess nitrogen into the tissues is called __________________. - ANSWER-ingassing The proper length of a snorkel is between 15 and 18 inches. - ANSWER-False The rate at which a diver consumes air while underwater depends on numerous factors, including: depth of dive, amount of exertion, and physical fitness. - ANSWER-true The red circled numbers on Table 1 are MDT's for dives between 40 and 130 feet. What does MDT stand for? - ANSWER-maximum dive time The scuba cylinder provides the diver with compressed: - ANSWER-Air The second stage reduces the air pressure from the first stage pressure down to ambient pressure. - ANSWER-True The tank valve is opened by turning it clockwise. - ANSWER-False The technique of handling an out-of-air emergency by dropping your weights and floating to the surface is call an ESA, or emergency swimming ascent. - ANSWER-false The time that you spend on the surface between dives is called the _______________.

• ANSWER-surface interval time The two main components of a scuba regulator are the first and second stages. - ANSWER-True The two ways to clear water from your regulator are: - ANSWER-blast clear and purge clear The underwater back-and-forth movement of water felt when diving close to shore is called ____________. - ANSWER-surge

The urge to breathe as well as the rate of breathing is controlled by the amount of ________ in your bloodstream - ANSWER-carbon dioxide The weight of the atmosphere on each of us can be measured in units called pounds per square inch, or PSI. The atmosphere pushes down on us with a pressure of: - ANSWER-14.7 psi There are very few "absolute contraindications" to scuba diving, but ______________ is one. - ANSWER-Pregnancy Thermal protection dive suits serve primarily to keep a diver warm while underwater. Which one of the following offers only minimal or no thermal protection? - ANSWER- lycra dive suit This on-line curriculum is meant to supplement face-to-face instruction with a qualified NAUI Instructor. - ANSWER-True Tides are caused by the gravitational attraction between the Earth, Moon, and the Sun.

• ANSWER-true To check your buoyancy while motionless at the surface you should empty all the air from your BC, then take a deep breath and hold it. If you are weighted correctly you will float: - ANSWER-at eye level with the water surface To escape a rip current you should swim toward the shore - ANSWER-false To relieve a cramp in your calf you should vigorously pull on the fin tip as you straighten your leg. - ANSWER-false Toxins from poisonous fish (barbs or spines) can be neutralized by immersing the wound in hot water (not scalding hot). - ANSWER-true Two key safety skills are the ability to share air and to perform ESA's. - ANSWER-true Underwater hand signals should be displayed clearly and get a response from the intended audience. - ANSWER-true We must have oxygen to survive but we can get too much of a good thing...in fact, breathing pure oxygen underwater can lead to seizures AND death. This can occur at depths as shallow as __________ feet. - ANSWER- Wetsuits and drysuits are used by scuba divers to conserve body warmth. This is necessary, particularly in cold water, due to water's ability to conduct heat from your body _________ times faster than air. - ANSWER-

Wetsuits work by keeping a layer of warmed water next to your skin while dry suits depend on layers of (dry) trapped air (by using insulating clothing) to keep you warm. - ANSWER-True When ascending, you should not exceed an ascent rate of 30 ft per minute (2 sec per ft). - ANSWER-true When descending, you should: - ANSWER-drop feet first, exhale deeply, and clear your ears as you descend. When planning (or making) a series of dives in a day you should make the first dive the deepest and each dive thereafter progressively shallower. - ANSWER-true When planning to dive in a new area all of the following are recommended sources of information except __________. - ANSWER-somebody sitting at the local pub When scuba diving, whenever your regulator is out of your mouth, you should be exhaling a small stream of bubbles to prevent a lung-overexpansion injury. - ANSWER- true When selecting a dive mask, the most important consideration outside of comfort is ________. - ANSWER-How it fits your face When the partial pressure of nitrogen in a diver's body is balanced with the pressure of nitrogen in the air being breathed then there is a state of ______________________. - ANSWER-equilibrium When we dive at depth we absorb more nitrogen than on the surface. The process of taking on more nitrogen is called ____________, while releasing that extra nitrogen is called ____________. - ANSWER-ongassing, offgassing When wearing a wetsuit and descending, the suit will compress (and lose buoyancy) due to the increased pressure. To compensate you should: - ANSWER-add small amounts of air to the BC and breathe normally. When you ascend (come to the surface) you should come up in the water no faster than _______ ft per minute. - ANSWER- Which of the following are all recognized NAUI Specialty courses: - ANSWER-Rescue Diving, Cave Diving, Wreck Diving Which of the following are used to help plan and conduct safe scuba dives? - ANSWER- dive tables Which of the following are useful forms of natural navigation while diving? - ANSWER- direction of surge, ripple marks in the sand, rock formations

Which of the following is not a common type of boat or platform water entry? - ANSWER-giant side entry Which of the following is NOT a symptom of heat exhaustion? - ANSWER-shivering Which of the following is NOT a symptom of hypothermia? - ANSWER-sweating Which piece of equipment is considered "required" for scuba diving? - ANSWER- submersible pressure gauge (SPG) You must know how your dive buddy's equipment operates so that: - ANSWER-you are prepared in case of an emergency. You should only collect shells that are empty...meaning no animal is living in them. - ANSWER-true You should pack your dive gear in the reverse order in which you will use it. - ANSWER- true Your dive regulator (1st stage, 2nd stages, and gauge console) should be serviced by a certified technician every 2 years whether it has been used or not. - ANSWER-False