NBCOT Practice Exam 1 Questions with Complete Solutions., Exams of Laboratory Practices and Management

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NBCOT Practice Exam 1 Questions with Complete

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An OT is preparing to evaluate a toddler who has upper extremity orthopedic concerns. How will the OT MOST likely obtain the majority of initial assessment data? A. Measurement tools that assess visual-motor skills B. Dynamometer and pinch meter readings. C. Observation of child during activities in the child-care center. D. Functional independence measures. - Correct Answer C. Observation of child during activities in the child-care center. Through observation of the child during child-care center activities, the OT can collect information about the child's motor performance skills and participation in activities that require upper extremity/hand skill. Naturalistic observation is a method of ecological assessment, which is "a primary mechanism for obtaining data relevant to the child's performance context..... Skilled observation of child performing a functional task offers..... important information about the child's performance". Answers A, B, ad D are all appropriate choices after the child is old enough for these assessments. During an initial evaluation, the OT suspects that a child has somatodyspraxia. In what area should the OT focus the evaluation? A. Ability to print or write. B. Reading competency. C. Math calculations. D. New motor task planning. - Correct Answer D. New motor task planning. "Somatodyspraxia is described as a deficit in learning new motor skills, planning new motor actions, and generalizing motor plans." Inability to print or write (answer A) is termed "dysgraphia." The term "dyslexia" (answer B) means dysfunction in reading. Inability to perform mathematics (answer C) is known as "dyscalculia" An OT working in a long-term care facility needs to evaluate the long-term memory of a resident. Which of the following methods is BEST for evaluating memory or personally experienced events (declarative memory)?

A. Show the person a series of objects and ask him to recall the objects within 60 seconds. B. Ask the individual how he spent New Year's/ C. Have the individual state the place, date, and time. D. Ask the client to remember to bring a specific item to the next therapy session - Correct Answer B Ask the individual how he spent New Year's "Declarative memory is one aspect of long term memory and includes conscious memory for events, knowledge or facts". It is commonly assessed through verbal interviews and informal testing such as asking a question about an individual's recall of personal events (answer B). Working memory refers to "the temporary storage of inforamtion while one is working with it or attending to it" (answer A). "Prospective memory involves the ability to remember intentions or activities that will be required in the future" (answer D). Knowing the date, place, and time is indicative of orientation (answer C). A child avoids playground equipment that requires her feet to be off the ground. What does this behavior MOST likely indicate? A. Difficulty modulating proprioception. B. Somatodyspraxia C. Gravitational insecurity D. Bilateral integration/sequencing deficit. - Correct Answer C. Gravitational insecurity. Gravitational insecurity is described as "fear response to movement". The child easily experiences a fear of falling and prefers to keep her feet firmly on the ground. Tactile defensiveness (answer A) is a term used to describe discomfort with various textures and with unexpected touch. Somatodyspraxia (answer B) has is "foundation in somatosensory (e.g. primarily tactile but also proprioceptive) discrimination deficits, which interfere with the development of body scheme and awareness". Bilateral integration and sequencing deficits are related to "poor vestibular-propioceptive discrimination, which interferes with the ability to coordinate, sequence, and execute motor actions quickly and efficiently". When the OT suspects tactile defensiveness as a rationale for a child's challenges, in what area of participation should the OT focus on FIRST?

A. Play behavior B. Dressing habits C. Social skills D. Leisure interests - Correct Answer B. Dressing habits Children with tactile defensiveness are "bothered by tactile aspects of daily living activities.... specific types of clothing.... specific textures materials". The child may be bothered by certain textures or avoid wearing turtlenecks, socks, or shoes. Conversely, some children may never take off their shoes to avoid tactile stimulation. Play behavior (answer A), social skills (answer C), and the choice of hobbies (answer D) could be affected secondarily, as a result of intolerance to certain textures or human touch. Knowledge of the child's dressing habits will give the OT key information at the start of the evaluation process. An OT is working with an individual with schizophrenia who is in the process of preparing to move from a state hospital to a group home. During a baking group, the client becomes agitated and leaves the room when another client uses the electric hand mixer to mix the cake batter, and again when two clients begin to argue loudly about which type of icing to use. How would the OT BEST describe the behavior? A. Low registration B. Sensory avoiding C. Sensation seeking D. A hearing impairment - Correct Answer B. Sensory avoiding The individual's actions are indicative of sensor avoiding behavior, characterized by a low threshold to stimuli perceived as noxious, followed by an active response such as leaving the room. Individuals with sensory avoiding behavior may "become distressed in situations in which they cannot control the environment" and "do well in low stimulus situation or settings that others find dull". An individual with low registration (answer A), sensory seeking behavior (answer C), or a hearing impairment (answer D) would not have difficult with the auditory stimulation caused by the roar of the mixer or loud voices. During a self-care evaluation of an individual who recently sustained a brain injury, the OT instructs the individual to comb his hair immediately after he washes his face. The individual washes his face quickly, but then the therapist must give him several reminders to comb his hair. The OT is MOST likely to identify this as a deficit in what area?

A. Working memory B. Judgment C. Hearing D. Abstraction - Correct Answer A. Working memory "Working memory is the temporary storage of information while one is working with it or attending to it. It includes the ability to recall information immediately after exposure. It allows one to focus conscious attention and keeps track of information as one is performing an activity". This individual's inability to comb is hair without reminders suggests a deficit in working memory (answer A). Judgment (answer B), the ability to make realistic and safe decisions based on available environmental information, would not be needed for this task. Because the person performed the first request, hearing (answer C) would seem to be intact. Abstraction (answer D) is the ability to extrapolate information from an idea to generalize to another situation and would not be needed to follow this direction. A supermarket employee with obsessive-compulsive disorder takes an hour to stock 24 soup cans on the shelf because once he has placed the cans on the shelf, he removes them and starts over, stating that "all labels were not lines up exactly in the same direction." Which of the following methods would MOST effectively evaluate the individual's work performance? A. On-site observation of performance skills B. Formal cognitive assessment C. Verbal interview focusing on the requirements of the job D. Task evaluation using a "clean" medium such as a puzzle that is right - Correct Answer A. On-site observation of performance skills An OT has been working with an individual who is recovering from a TBI. A standard pivot transfer has been successfully demonstrated in the gym. The MOST appropriate way to assess generalization of this new learning would be to have the patient perform which activity? A. Identify potential hazards in the patient's bathrooms that could make transfers unsafe B. Select an appropriate tub bench and nonskid mat for the patient's bathroom at home

C. Attempt a standard pivot transfer from wheelchair to bed in the patient's hospital room D. Attempt a sliding board transfer from wheelchair to tub - Correct Answer C. Attempt a standard pivot transfer from wheelchair to bed in the patient's hospital room An OT is working with an individual with depression who is cognitively intact but demonstrating difficulty carrying out self-care and other ADL tasks. The OT, who has no advanced certifications, would like to identify a standardized assessment to measure ADL performance. Which is the MOST appropriate tool for this purpose? A. Bay Area Functional Performance Evaluation B. Routine Task Inventory-Expanded C. Kohlman Evaluation of Living Skills D. Assessment of Motor and Process Skills - Correct Answer C. Kohlman Evaluation of Living Skills An OT is conducting a perceptual function screening with an individual who has had a CVA. Which of the following informal screening activities would the therapist ask the individual to perform in order to identify the presence of agnosia? A. Demonstrate common gestures such as waving B. Name objects through touch only C. Identify or demonstrate the use of common household objects D. Read a paragraph and explain its meaning. - Correct Answer C. Identify or demonstrate the use of common household objects An individual with an L4 spinal cord injury wishes to become independent in driving an automobile. The MOST appropriate piece of adaptive equipment for this individual is: A. A palmar cuff for the steering wheel B. A spinner knob on the steering wheel C. Pedal extensions for accelerating and braking D. Hand controls for acceleration and braking - Correct Answer D. Hand controls for acceleration and braking

What is the MOST important aspect of administering and scoring a standardized test? A. Judgment to determine how best to administer the test B. Previous experience as a way to gauge test results C. Adherence to specific instructions for administration and scoring D. Practice administering the test items - Correct Answer C. Adherence to specific instructions for administration and scoring During an initial interview, parents describe their child as having difficulty communicating and interacting with others. The OT observes him repeatedly gazing upward and scanning the ceiling or quickly patting his hip. The behaviors described are MOST likely to be associated with what disorder? A. Attention deficit-hyperacitivity B. Childhood conduct C. Obsessive-compulsive D. Autism spectrum disorder - Correct Answer D. Autism spectrum disorder A toddler with spina bifida has been referred for assessment. When collecting the initial data during interview with the child's parent, what should the OT focus on PRIMARILY? A. A parent's concerns and goals for the child B. Child's medical management C. Equipment needs D. Physical layout of the home - Correct Answer A. A parent's concerns and goals for the child When evaluating an individual with coronary artery disease for controllable risk factors, what is MOST important for the OT to include as part of the assessment? A. Determine the individual's age and gender B. Assess the individual's lifestyle and dietary habits C. Observe the individual for obesity and cholesterol levels

D. Determine whether the individual has a family history of heart disease - Correct Answer B. Assess the individual's lifestyle and dietary habits The OT has been working with an individual with deficits in the area of executive functioning postsurgery. When the OT asks about scheduling therapy appointments after discharge and transportation to the outpatient clinic, the client is unable to identify how to obtain the clinic's phone number or where to park. When the OT points out these missing areas, the client appears perplexed, then laughs it off, stating that someone else would be calling to schedule appointments and providing transportation. Attempting to subtly hint about cognitive deficits is no longer working, and the OT is concerned because despite repeated efforts the individual is not retaining safety precautions. This patient's behavior indicates a problem in what area? A. Denial B. Self-awareness C. Emotional regulation D. Sequencing - Correct Answer B. Self-awareness An OT is evaluating two-point discrimination in an individual with median nerve injury. What is the BEST way to administer this test? A. Apply the stimuli beginning at the little finger and progress toward the thumb B. Start with the thumb area first, then progress toward the little finger C. Present stimuli in an organized pattern to improve reliability during retesting D. Allow the individual unlimited time to respond - Correct Answer A. Apply the stimuli beginning at the little finger and progress toward the thumb An OT is initiating an evaluation of a pre-school child diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. What is the OT MOST likely to include in the evaluation process? A. One-to-one interview with the child B. Observation of the child in a social, gross motor, and self-feeding task C. The Peabody Developmental Motor Scales- 2 D. Assessment of the child's performance skills while outside on the playground - Correct Answer B. Observation of the child in a social, gross motor, and self-feeding task

A high school teacher diagnosed with a right-hemisphere CVA is given a paper with letters of the alphabet displayed in random order across the page and is instructed to cross out every "M." The individual misses half of the "M"s in a random pattern. What type of deficit would cause such a response? A. A left visual field cut B. A right visual field cut C. Functional illiteracy D. Decreased attention - Correct Answer D. Decreased attention A college student with a history of substance abuse has been admitted to the hospital following an accidental overdose at a party. He states his goal is to return to school as soon as possible so that his GPA does not drop below 3.0. What is the MOST important area for the OT evaluation to focus on? A. Leisure skills B. Activities of daily living C. Academic/study skills D. Family education - Correct Answer A. Leisure skills What are the MOST important items to assess when evaluating motor control after a traumatic injury? A. Developmental factors and primitive reflexes B. Muscle tone, postural tone, reflexes, and coordination C. Blood pressure, heart rate, endurance, and confusion D. Self-concept and self- awareness - Correct Answer B. Muscle tone, postural tone, reflexes, and coordination A new parent recently returned to work and reports difficulty concentrating at work because of thoughts about the baby. When at home, the individual feels distracted by thoughts about work. This MOST likely suggests the need to help this individual in what area?

A. Parenting skills B. Attention span C. Assertiveness D. Role performance - Correct Answer D. Role performance An OT is beginning to work with individuals in recovery in a community-based program. The OT needs an evaluation tool that can be administered in less than 20 minutes, identifies occupational performance limitations can be used to establish goals based on client priorities, and measure outcomes. Which is the BEST tool for this purpose? A. Occupational Performance History Interview II B. Role checklist C. Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) D. Occupational Self-Assessment - Correct Answer D. Occupational Self-Assessment While making brownies, an individual is able to obtain all the supplies from the cabinet and check the oven temperature periodically. However, when the TV is turned on halfway through the activity, she becomes involved with the program and burns the brownies. This individual is showing signs of a deficit in which area? A. Sustained attention B. Detecting and reacting C. Shifting of attention D. Mental tracking - Correct Answer D. Mental tracking In preparation for an annual Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP) meeting, the OT is developing ideas for intervention to develop a child's fine motor performance for independent play participation. To match the principles of Part C Early Intervention programs. What would be the OT's BEST recommendation? A. Family encouragement of the child to engage in play with toys he has at home, without concern for normal development B. A periodic reassessment using Peabody Developmental Motor Scales, 2nd edition, fine motor subtest to measure progress in fine motor skill achievement

C. Home visit, during which OT will identify and encourage opportunities for fine motor practice within the family's preferred routines D. Increased weekly home visits so OT can implement therapy activities to promote child's fine motor skill development, using a remedial approach - Correct Answer C. Home visit, during which OT will identify and encourage opportunities for fine motor practice within the family's preferred routines An adolescent with a history of shoplifting and gang violence has been hospitalized with a diagnosis of conduct disorder. During a task group, what are the MOST important performance skills for the OT to evaluate? A. Perceptual-motor performance B. Leisure and vocational interests C. Attention span and social interaction skills D. Interest in performing and ability to perform multiple roles - Correct Answer C. Attention span and social interaction skills An OT is evaluating an individual who has undergone a total hip replacement to determine awareness and adherence to hip precautions prior to discharge. What can the OT conclude when the individual is observed leaning forward and stopping at 90 degrees of flexion to use the long-handled shoehorn while donning shoes? A. Demonstrates independence with precautions B. Requires verbal cuing to observe precautions C. Needs a longer assistive device D. Demonstrates cognitive deficits - Correct Answer A. Demonstrates independence with precautions A client sustained a hand injury months ago while at work. The individual is now diagnosed with complex regional pain syndrome and is experiencing pain that interferes with work and self- care. Which of the following would be the best pain management modality option to discuss with the client? A. Hot packs B. Cold packs

C. Fluidotherapy D. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation - Correct Answer D. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation A child has considerable difficulty with problem-solving when playing with interlocking blocks, becomes frustrated, and gives up easily. An OT would MOST likely suspect a problem in what area? A. Sensorimotor play B. Pretend play C. Constructional play D. Play with rules - Correct Answer C. Constructional play The OT is making recommendations to a community living site for a 13 - year-old child with moderate intellectual disabilities. Which statement MOST accurately describes the functional ability of this child? A. The child requires nursing care for basic survival skills B. The child can usually handle routine daily functions in a supervised home C. The child requires supervision to accomplish productive, nonroutine work. D. The child is able to learn academic skills at the third- to seventh-grade level - Correct Answer B. The child can usually handle routine daily functions in a supervised home An individual with borderline personality disorder has been referred to occupational therapy. Which of the following would be MOST important to evaluate? A. Activities of daily living B. Instrumental ADLs C. Interpersonal skills D. Sensorimotor skills - Correct Answer C. Interpersonal skills An OT performing a motor skills evaluation observes that a child is awkward at many gross motor tasks. Though able to skip rope forward, the child is unable to skip rope

backward, even after several attempts. This information would lead the therapist to be particularly observant for which additional signs? A. Delayed reflex integration B. Inadequate bilateral coordination C. Developmental dyspraxia D. General incoordintion - Correct Answer C. Developmental dyspraxia A preteen with spastic cerebral palsy wants to use a computer. Prior to evaluating computer needs, what should the OT learn about FIRST? A. The student's and family's goals for the device use B. The family's ability to afford a computer and its upgrades C. Computer learning programs to facilitate student's participation in the classroom D. The student's physical and cognitive capacities to determine appropriate keyboard and screen options - Correct Answer A. The student's and family's goals for the device use An OT has been asked to develop a stress management program for clients with eating disorders. For this population in particular, which is the MOST important strategy to include? A. A physical activity such as yoga or tai chi B. Diaphragmatic breathing or progressive relaxation techniques C. Training to acknowledge feeling and express emotions D. Role-playing stressful situations - Correct Answer C. Training to acknowledge feeling and express emotions The office doorway of an individual using a wheelchair has a clear opening of 28 inches. According to ADA guidelines, which of the following recommendations would be the MOST appropriate to facilitate clear passage of the wheelchair through the doorway? A. The doorway width needs to be expanded to have a minimum clearance of 32 inches B. The client needs to obtain a wheelchair narrower than 28 inches

C. The doorway width needs to be expanded to have a minimum clear opening of 45 inches D. The doorway width is satisfactory and needs no modification - Correct Answer A. The doorway width needs to be expanded to have a minimum clearance of 32 inches An individual is about to be discharged from outpatient OT after rehabilitation for a hand injury. The individual has not been able to work for 3 months and is unable to perform all of the job requirements as a truck driver. Which of the following should the OT practitioner recommend at discharge? A. A home exercise program B. Home health OT C. Work hardening D. No further OT services - Correct Answer C. Work hardening An older adult has been hospitalized with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder following an overdose of sleeping pills. In obtaining an occupational profile, the OT discovers the patient has knitted and crocheted and enjoyed cooking. What activity should the OT practitioner recommend FIRST to achieve the goals of increasing a sense of confidence? A. Crocheting a sweater for her teenage granddaughter B. Making spaghetti and garlic bread for her husband C. Knitting a small hat for her newborn grandson D. Planning meals for the week in anticipation of discharge - Correct Answer C. Knitting a small hat for her newborn grandson A child demonstrates aggressive and disruptive behavior in school as result of a low sensory threshold. Which suggestions would be MOST useful to discuss with the teacher regarding an upcoming class bus trip to the zoo? A. Review the bus rules with the child and apply consequences consistently B. Seat the child at the from of the bus and use earmuffs to dampen noise C. Have child monitor classmates as "bus patrol" and report behavior

D. Let the child set the criteria for a successful trip, and provide a reward if the criteria are met - Correct Answer B. Seat the child at the from of the bus and use earmuffs to dampen noise As the school team meets to develop the IEP for a third-grade student with autism spectrum disorder, the OT helps to project longer-term academic and functional performance outcomes for the student in middle school and high school. What is the MOST significant benefit of this approach for program planning? A. Assurance that services will be available for the student in future years B. Likelihood for optimal progress toward relevant post-high school goals C. Current services that focus on steps to achieve targeted long-range outcomes D. Avoidance of unnecessary duplication of services from year to year - Correct Answer C. Current services that focus on steps to achieve targeted long-range outcomes A preschooler is having difficulty performing tasks requiring eye-hand coordination as a result of poor visual tracking skills. What activity should the OT use FIRST to promote visual tracking skills? A. Tossing and catching a water balloon B. Catching and bursting soap bubbles C. Throwing and catching a beach ball D. Playing softball - Correct Answer B. Catching and bursting soap bubbles A homemaker with weak grip strength wishes to prepare a muffin mix but cannot open the bag. Which of the following would the OT MOST likely recommend? A. A hand-powered mixer B. Looped handle scissors C. An electric knife D. Prepare slice cookies instead of muffins - Correct Answer B. Looped handle scissors An individual's family wants to build a ramp to the primary entrance of the home. What is the maximum slope that the OT should recommend to the family?

A. 1 inch of ramp for every foot of ride in height B. 1 foot of ramp for every inch of rise in height C. 10 inches of ramp for every 2 inches in height D. 1 foot of ramp for every foot of rise in height - Correct Answer B. 1 foot of ramp for every inch of rise in height In establishing long-term goals for an individual with complete T4 paraplegia in a rehabilitation setting, the OT would MOST likely predict that the patient will attain what level of independence with bathing, dressing, and transfers? A. Complete independence with self-care and modified independence with transfers B. Independence with self-care and minimal assistance with transfers C. Minimal assistance with self-care and moderate assistance with transfers D. Dependence with both self-care and tranfers - Correct Answer A. Complete independence with self-care and modified independence with transfers When planning acute treatment for a patient who has recently experienced a traumatic amputation of his right upper extremity at the below-elbow level, which of the following areas of patient education would the OT address FIRST? A. Teaching to put on and take off a prosthesis B. Training in residual limb wrapping C. Practicing grasp and prehension functions D. Simulation to resume vocational activities - Correct Answer B. Training in residual limb wrapping An OT is working with an individual who is experiencing a manic episode and is highly excitable. Given that this individual has expressed interest in all kinds of craft activities, which type of craft activity would the OT be MOST likely to select to provide external structure for the client? A. Doing a detailed needlepoint project requiring fine stitches B. Using clay to shape an object of one's choice

C. Doing a watercolor paint-by-numbers project D. Finishing a prefabricated wood birdhouse from a kit - Correct Answer D. Finishing a prefabricated wood birdhouse from a kit An OT in the hospital outpatient department meets with the parents of a 7 - year-old boy with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). The OT believes his performance challenges his participation in school and brings this up. What is the MOST appropriate way for the OT to address the parents? A. Request permission to send progress report to the school district B. Ask parent for permission to call the school district's OT to learn about the IEP referral process C. Suggest that the school district pay for the child's outpatient therapy, as it likely relates to the child's school performance D. Ask whether the school district has addressed his coordination difficulties and if not, discuss further whether the parent wishes to raise this issue with the child's teacher - Correct Answer D. Ask whether the school district has addressed his coordination difficulties and if not, discuss further whether the parent wishes to raise this issue with the child's teacher An individual with complete C4 tetraplegia is able to independently use a mouth stick to strike keys on a computer keyboard for 3 minutes. To upgrade this activity, the OT practitioner should: A. Provide a heavier mouth stick B. have the individual work at the keyboard for 5 minutes C. progress the individual to a typing device that inserts into a wrist support D. Teach the individual how to correctly instruct a caregiver in use of the keyboard - Correct Answer B. have the individual work at the keyboard for 5 minutes An individual who is considered modified independent for functional mobility consistently leaves her cane in another room. When asked where the cane is, the client replies, "Oh, that cane - it's just so ugly." Which of the following actions is MOST appropriate to take? A. Discuss issues related to self-concept with the individual B. Evaluate the individual's short-term memory

C. Assess the individual's long-term memory D. Devise strategies to address time management - Correct Answer A. Discuss issues related to self-concept with the individual What is the PRIMARY goal for providing a hand orthosis to a child with active juvenile rheumatoid arthritis? A. Inhibit hypertonus B. Increase range of motion C. Prevent deformity D. Correct deformity - Correct Answer C. Prevent deformity Which of the following actions should the OT practitioner instruct a patient to perform FIRST when initiating a safe wheelchair transfer?? A. Have the patient scoot forward to the front of the seat B. Position foot plates in the up position C. Swing away the leg rests D. Lock the brakes - Correct Answer D. Lock the brakes An OT is treating a child with autism spectrum disorder. To maximize the child's benefit from intervention using Ayres Sensory Integration, what does the therapist need to ensure? A. Sensory strategies re provided to enable child to process proprioception and tactile stimuli B. Only one option for activity is available at a time. to encourage focus C. Active participation and self-direction in activities matched to identified needs D. Highly structured session, facilitating step by step learning - Correct Answer C. Active participation and self-direction in activities matched to identified needs An individual with ALS and mild dysphagia becomes extremely fatigued at meals. Which is the FIRST intervention the OT practitioner should consider recommending?

A. Speak with the physician about tube feeding B. Sit in a semireclined position during meals C. Eat six meals a day D. Substitute pureed food for liquids. - Correct Answer C. Eat six meals a day An OT has developed a work conditioning program for men and women who were previously homeless and exhibit generally decreased endurance. What is the FIRST part of a work conditioning program? A. Work activities adapted to the level of their ability B. Exercise and limited work task simulation C. Work tasks specific to the jobs they will be getting D. A full day of on-the-job training - Correct Answer B. Exercise and limited work task simulation A sales executive being treated for anxiety is participating in OT to develop time management skills. Which of the following would be the expected outcome for the individual? A. To control anxiety when arriving late for a meeting B. To take responsibility when late with reports C. To cope with feelings of inadequacy when missing a deadline D. To eliminate late arrival work - Correct Answer D. To eliminate late arrival work An individual has been instructed to place towels, one at a time, on a high shelf to improve shoulder function. The individual is able to easily place 10 towels. Which of the following modifications would MOST effectively improve endurance in the shoulder flexors? A. Place the towels on a higher shelf B. Increase the number of towels from 10 to 20 C. Place the towels on a lower shelf D. Add a 1 - pound weight to each arm - Correct Answer B. Increase the number of towels from 10 to 20

The OT is planning intervention for a 10 - year-old child with learning disabilities and significant difficulties accomplishing writing and drawing tasks, secondary to perceptual- motor dysfunction. When selecting a service delivery approach, which is the BEST choice? A. Consultation with classroom teach so student stays in least restrictive environment B. 1:1 intervention from the OT to focus on student's skill development before middle school C. Intervention from the OT in a small group with other students having similar needs D. A combination of service delivery models so that the OT can address student, teacher, and task needs - Correct Answer D. A combination of service delivery models so that the OT can address student, teacher, and task needs A person with a long history of Parkinson's disease is experiencing considerable fatigue during the day. The BEST way to enable the individual to maintain his level of function is to teach him how to: A. work through the fatigue B. perform desired activities in a simplified manner to conserve energy C. employ pursed-lips breathing D. eliminate activities or reduce activity level as much as possible - Correct Answer B. perform desired activities in a simplified manner to conserve energy A child with behavioral problems has difficulty with peer interactions. The OT's intervention plan is MOST likely based on which approach? A. Provide small group occupation-based activities in an authoritarian environment with clear expectations B. Begin with 1:1 occupation-based activities to develop child's social skills, then introduce group activities C. Provide small group occupation-based activities that encourage exploration and interaction D. Provide small group occupation-based activities with rules to define acceptable play guidelines - Correct Answer C. Provide small group occupation-based activities that encourage exploration and interaction

An OT is developing a measurement plan to track changes in social participation of several students with autism spectrum disorder. Which is the MOST likely measurement strategy the OT selects? A. School Function Assessment B. Documentation of change in narrative progress notes C. Photographs taken over a 2 - month period during recess D. Goal Attainment Scaling - Correct Answer D. Goal Attainment Scaling An individual with Guillain-Barre acute syndrome demonstrates poor to fair strength throughout the upper extremities. Which is the most appropriate approach for the OT practitioner to use when planning treatment for the EARLY stages? A. Gentle, nonresistive activities B. Progressive resistive exercise C. Fine motor activities D. Active range of motion against moderate resistance - Correct Answer A. Gentle, nonresistive activities A child with underreactive sensory processing has been referred to occupational therapy. Based on a sensory integration frame of reference, intervention activities should have which facilitatory characteristics? A. Arrhythmic and unexpected B. Arrhythmic and slow C. Sustained and slow D. Unexpected and rhythmic - Correct Answer A. Arrhythmic and unexpected A child with cerebral palsy and limited postural stability is developmentally ready for toileting. Which element of the treatment plan should be considered FIRST? A. training in management of fasteners B. utilization of foot supports

C. provision of a seat belt D. training in climbing onto the toilet - Correct Answer B. utilization of foot supports The mother of a 3 - year-old with spastic quadriplegia wants her son to walk independently around the house. The child is not yet ready to achieve this goal; however, his mobility would be helpful to the mother who is finding her child difficult to lift. What is the BEST way to assist in the development of family-centered intervention? A. support and work on the parent's goal ass she has stated it B. suggest an alternate goal of improving sitting balance for playing C. propose a modified goal that still meets the parent's needs D. include the child in the goal-setting process - Correct Answer C. propose a modified goal that still meets the parent's needs Following radiation therapy for breast cancer, an individual develops lymphedema in the right (dominant) upper extremity. She is experiencing functional deficits and is referred to occupational therapy. Treatment to reduce the swelling will begin with: A. change of dominance training B. RUE exercise using isometric contractions C. fitting of compression garments D. A heat modality, such as warm compresses - Correct Answer C. fitting of compression garments An OT is planning intervention with a young teenage following second-degree skin burns on her hands and face. What other tool would add important information to what the therapist has already learned from the medical record, evaluation of child's physical, and sensory function and ADL performance? A. school record, including past grades and extracurricular activities B. Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) C. Jacob's Prevocational Assessment (JPVA) D. Ranchos Los Amigos Levels of Cognitive Functioning - Correct Answer B. Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM)

An OT practitioner is designing a stress management series using a cognitive-behavioral treatment approach fro individuals who have chronic fatigue syndrome. What should the FIRST module in the series include? A. Teaching time management techniques B. identifying thoughts and beliefs that contribute to negative feelings C. providing aerobic exercise D. teaching how to perform progressive resistive exercise - Correct Answer B. identifying thoughts and beliefs that contribute to negative feelings An OT is designing a series of group sessions for adolescents with eating disorders. What is the long-term goal for the group? A. Develop healthy eating behaviors and meal preparation skills B. Improve school performance C. Develop independence in menu planning and awareness of portion size D. Promote communication skills and assertiveness - Correct Answer A. Develop healthy eating behaviors and meal preparation skills An individual with a complete high-level tetraplegia spinal cord injury is returning home. Which type of adaptive technology would the individual MOST likely require to ensure safety in the home? A. a simple electronic aid to daily living (EADL) B. a second generation EADL device with speakerphone C. a remote control power door opener D. an electric page turner - Correct Answer B. a second generation EADL device with speakerphone What should an OT do to promote playfulness and self-expression in a young child with mild intellectual disability? A. model imagination, and use playful expressions and voice B. ask child to demonstrate his favorite things to do during playtime

C. provide child with toys that are familiar and played with frequently D. provide activities with a means of release, such as leather tooling - Correct Answer A. model imagination, and use playful expressions and voice As the OT plans intervention for a parent with a mild intellectual disability who has returned home from the NICU with her daughter who was born 6 weeks prematurely, the therapist considers ways o help this mother develop positive parenting skills during feeding and dressing activities. Which is MOST likely going to help this parent? A. provide handouts that picture the sequence of steps required to prepare the baby's formula and launder clothes in the washing machine B. encourage problem-solving about how she will respond when the baby is fussy during feeding a diaper changes C. consult with the service coordinator to ensure that caretaking supports are available for the mother D. practice preparing formula and washing clothes and include multiple opportunities for repetition - Correct Answer B. encourage problem-solving about how she will respond when the baby is fussy during feeding a diaper changes An OT is working with an individual with Alzheimer's disease who demonstrates mild to moderate decline. She lives with her husband, who works during the day. The OT should initially focus intervention on which one of the following areas? A. ability to chew and swallow B. kitchen safety C. anger management D. recognition of family members - Correct Answer B. kitchen safety When providing caregiver training to the spouse of an individual diagnosed with early- stage dementia, the OT will MOST likely need to instruct the caregiver in strategies to compensate for what deficits? A. short-term memory B. fine and gross motor skills C. social skills

D. dressing skills - Correct Answer A. short-term memory To develop the MOST relevant goals for a student's school-based occupational therapy program, what should the OT focus on? A. teacher's perspective about why the student struggles in the classroom B. student's ability to access and participate in the curriculum C. family's priorities for their child D. areas of delay identified in the occupational therapy evaluation - Correct Answer B. student's ability to access and participate in the curriculum An OT practitioner is planning a meal preparation activity for an individual with cognitive deficits in the areas of attentional and organizational skills. What is the most appropriate activity to use FIRST in addressing sequencing skills? A. setting the table B. planning a meal C. baking cookies following a recipe D. preparing a shopping list - Correct Answer C. baking cookies following a recipe An OT practitioner is working with an individual in a work program setting. What is the FIRST step to achieving the program objective of preventing reinjury? A. performing a prework screening B. learning proper body mechanics C. participating in work hardening D. engaging in vocational counseling - Correct Answer B. learning proper body mechanics An individual was unable to achieve the following goal: " The client will initiate two requests to other group members for sharing materials within a 1 - week period." What would be the BEST revised goal for this client? A. initiate two requests to other group members for sharing group materials within a 2 - week period

B. initiate one request to one other group member for sharing group materials within a 1 - week period C. greet the other group members at the start of each group session D. greet the group leader at the start of each group session - Correct Answer B. initiate one request to one other group member for sharing group materials within a 1 - week period A child with autism spectrum disorder demonstrates inadequate playground skills. She plays alone, generally repeating the same play each day. Which approach will the OT MOST likely select to promote her skills? A. OT joins group on playground, facilitating child's play and including other children B. OT works with child on the playground when other students are not using the playground C. recommend the parent enroll the child in ballet lessons after school D. ask the physical education teacher to include her in small groups during gross motor activity - Correct Answer A. OT joins group on playground, facilitating child's play and including other children A child with learning disabilities resulting in low frustration tolerance and poor self-esteem is learning how to tie shoelaces. Which method is the MOST appropriate for the OT to introduce to this child? A. physical guidance B. verbal cues C. backward chaining D. forward chaining - Correct Answer C. backward chaining When an individual with neurological deficits sits down to read a magazine in the living room of her group home, she becomes distracted by the conversations of her housemates. Which of the following activities BEST addresses the underlying cognitive problem? A. playing a simple, repetitive card game in a quiet environment B. measuring ingredients for a recipe while there is music playing